Is 310 Exam 3

Front 1

A compiler allocates storage space and makes an entry in the symbol table when itencounters a(n) __________ in source code.

Back 1

data declaration

Front 2

A(n) __________ is produced as output during activities of the UP requirementsdiscipline.

Back 2

system requirements model

Front 3

A link editor searches an object code file for __________.

Back 3

external function calls or unresolved references

Front 4

A 4GL has a higher degree of __________ than a 3GL does.

Back 4

instruction explosion

Front 5

__________ code contains CPU instructions and external function calls.

Back 5

Object

Front 6

A(n) __________ produces a(n) __________ to show the location of functions ormethods in executable code.

Back 6

link editor, memory map

Front 7

The compiler adds the names of data items and program functions to the __________ asthey’re encountered in source code.

Back 7

symbol table

Front 8

A 2GL is translated into executable code by a(n) __________.

Back 8

assembler

Front 9

A(n) __________ translates an entire source code file before linking and execution. A(n)__________ interleaves translation, link editing, and execution.

Back 9

compiler, interpreter

Front 10

A Java __________ runs in the __________ of a Web browser.

Back 10

applet, sandbox

Front 11

__________ in source code instructions are translated into machine instructions toevaluate conditions or transfer control from one program module to another.

Back 11

Control structures

Front 12

A(n) __________ uses the symbol table’s contents to help programmers trace memorylocations to program variables and instructions.

Back 12

symbolic debugger

Front 13

FORTRAN, COBOL, and C are examples of __________.

Back 13

third–generation languages or 3GLs

Front 14

A(n) __________ tool supports system model development. A(n) __________ toolgenerates program source code from system models.

Back 14

front–end CASE, back–end CASE

Front 15

A link editor performs __________ linking. An interpreter performs __________ linking.

Back 15

static, dynamic

Front 16

Java programs are compiled into object code for a hypothetical hardware and OSenvironment called the __________.

Back 16

JVM or Java Virtual Machine

Front 17

Widely used scripting languages include __________, _________, and __________.

Back 17

JavaScript, VBScript, PHP

Front 18

A typical IDE includes an

Back 18

–intelligent program editor, a
–compiler
–a link editor
–class
– an interactive tool for prototyping (JVM)
–symbolic debugger.

Front 19

List two capabilities of a symbolic debugger

Back 19

Shows break points


knows the addresses of symbols

Front 20

What does a programming language define?

Back 20

Converts machine lang

Front 21

A(n) __________ OS supports multiple active processes or users.

Back 21

multitasking

Front 22

In virtual memory management, a memory page’s location is determined by searching a(n) __________.

Back 22

page table

Front 23

A(n) __________ occurs when a process or thread references a memory page not currently held inmemory.

Back 23

page fault

Front 24

Dispatching a thread moves it from the __________ state to the __________ state.

Back 24

ready, running

Front 25

The CPU periodically generates a(n) __________ to give the scheduler an opportunity to allocatethe CPU to another ready process.

Back 25

timer interrupt

Front 26

A(n) __________________ is an OS that enables dividing a single physical computer or clusterinto multiple virtual machines.

Back 26

hypervisor

Front 27

In the __________ scheduling method, threads are dispatched in order of their arrival.

Back 27

FCFS

Front 28

A(n) __________ process contains subunits that can be executed concurrently or simultaneously.

Back 28

multithreaded

Front 29

__________ scheduling guarantees that a thread receives enough resources to complete one__________ within a maximum time interval.

Back 29

Real–time, thread cycle

Front 30

Hardware resources consumed by an OS’s resource allocation functions are called __________.

Back 30

system overhead

Front 31

__________ scheduling refers to any type of scheduling in which a running thread can lose controlof the CPU to another thread.

Back 31

Preemptive

Front 32

The act of selecting a running thread and loading its register contents is called __________ and isperformed by the __________.

Back 32

dispatching, scheduler

Front 33

To achieve efficient use of memory and a large number of concurrently executing processes, mostOSs use __________ memory management.

Back 33

virtual

Front 34

When a thread makes an I/O service request, it’s placed in the __________ state until processingof the request is finished.

Back 34

blocked

Front 35

Memory pages not held in primary storage are held in the __________ of a secondary storagedevice.

Back 35

swap space

Front 36

On a computer with a single CPU, multitasking is achieved by __________ execution of multipleprocesses.

Back 36

concurrent

Front 37

With __________, all portions of a process must be loaded into sequential physical memorypartitions.

Back 37

contiguous memory allocation

Front 38

The __________, __________, and __________ are the main layers of an OS.

Back 38

command layer, service layer, kernel

Front 39

A(n) __________ is the unit of memory read from or written to the swap space.

Back 39

page

Front 40

A(n) __________ resource is apparent to a process or user, although it might not physically exist.

Back 40

virtual

Front 41

Under a(n) __________ memory allocation scheme, portions of a single process might bephysically located in scattered partitions of main memory.

Back 41

noncontiguous

Front 42

In virtual memory management, memory references by a process must be converted to an offset ina(n) __________.

Back 42

page frame

Front 43

Information about a process’s execution state, such as register values and process status, are storedin a(n) __________.

Back 43

process control block or PCB

Front 44

With the __________ scheduling method, threads requiring the least CPU time are dispatchedfirst.

Back 44

shortest time remaining or STR

Front 45

A(n) __________ causes the currently executing process to be __________ and control to bepassed to the __________.

Back 45

interrupt, pushed, supervisor

Front 46

The process of converting an address operand into a physical address in a memory partition orpage frame is called __________.

Back 46

address resolution or address mapping

Front 47

A(n) __________ is an executable subunit of a process that’s scheduled independently but sharesmemory and I/O resources.

Back 47

thread

Front 48

The __________ endian storage format places the __________ byte of a word in the lowestmemory address. The __________ endian storage format places the __________ byte of a word inthe lowest memory address.

Back 48

big, most significant, little, least significant

Front 49

In __________, program memory references correspond to physical memory locations. In__________, the CPU must calculate the physical memory location that corresponds to a programmemory reference.

Back 49

absolute addressing, indirect (or relative) addressing

Front 50

In indirect addressing, the content of a(n) __________ is added to calculate the correspondingphysical memory address.

Back 50

offset register

Front 51

Describe the role of an operating system

Back 51

Gui for the user

Front 52

List the three states of an active thread.

Back 52

Ready, Running, Blocked

Front 53

What are two goals of multitasking memory allocation?

Back 53

preventing programs from interference


preventing a system crash

Front 54

What is the difference between big endian and little endian?

Back 54

big – stores the most significant byte 1st


little – stores the least significant byte 1st

Front 55

A(n) __________ is the unit of file I/O accessed by an application program as a single unit. A(n)__________ is the unit of storage transferred between the device controller and memory in a file I/O operation.

Back 55

logical record, physical record

Front 56

The term ___________ describes the ratio of logical records to physical records.

Back 56

blocking factor

Front 57

A(n) __________ operation releases allocated buffers and flushes their content to secondarystorage.

Back 57

file close

Front 58

A(n) __________ operation allocates buffers for file I/O and updates a table of files in use.

Back 58

file open

Front 59

The content of a logically, but not physically, deleted file can be recovered in a(n) __________operation.

Back 59

undelete

Front 60

__________ describes tracking old file versions and moving them to archival and offline storagedevices.

Back 60

File migration

Front 61

In __________, changes to files are written to a log file as they’re made.

Back 61

transaction logging

Front 62

In an FMS, the __________ layer processes service calls from the command layer or applicationprogram. The __________ layer manages movement of data between storage devices and memory.

Back 62

file control, storage I/O control

Front 63

A(n) __________ specifies all directories leading to a specific file. A(n) __________ specifies filelocation based on the current or working directory.

Back 63

complete path, relative path

Front 64

In a(n) __________ directory structure, a file can be located in only one directory. This restrictiondoesn’t apply in a(n) __________ directory structure.

Back 64

hierarchical or tree, graph

Front 65

MS–DOS and some Windows versions record storage allocation information in the __________file system.

Back 65

File Allocation Table or FAT

Front 66

An FMS can implement __________ with disk mirroring or __________.

Back 66

fault tolerance, RAID

Front 67

A(n) __________ records the assignment of storage locations to files.

Back 67

storage allocation table

Front 68

When an old version of a master file is saved, the current version can be called the __________,the previous version is the __________, and the version before that is the __________.

Back 68

child, parent, grandparent

Front 69

RAID 10 combines disk mirroring and __________ to achieve fault tolerance and improveperformance.

Back 69

data striping

Front 70

In a(n) __________, multiple servers share access to the same storage server over a high–speeddedicated network.

Back 70

storage area network or SAN

Front 71

In __________, a storage server manages one or more file systems and responds to file I/Orequests sent across a LAN or WAN.

Back 71

network–attached storage or NAS

Front 72

Describe how secondary storage devices store bits, bytes, and blocks.

Back 72

This is determined by the allocation size. When a file is stored, the OS determines how many "blocks" it will need to store the file. Typically the smaller the allocation size the better performance . However if you are storing large files you need to adjust your allocation size.

Front 73

__________ architecture divides an application into multiple processes, some of which sendrequests, some of which respond to requests, and others that do both.

Back 73

Client/server

Front 74

System software that connects parts of a distributed application or enables users to locate andinteract with remote resources is called __________.

Back 74

middleware

Front 75

A(n) __________ is a process that sends a request. A(n) __________ is a process that responds torequests.

Back 75

client, server

Front 76

A server process creates a(n) __________ that allows clients to send data or messages via a sharedfilename.

Back 76

named pipe

Front 77

With the __________ protocol, a process on one machine can call a process on another machine asa subroutine with parameters passed in either or both directions.

Back 77

RPC or Remote Procedure Call

Front 78

Three–layer architecture divides an application into __________, __________, and __________layers.

Back 78

view, business logic, data

Front 79

A(n) __________ to a remote resource must be initialized by the user or a system administrator.

Back 79

static connection

Front 80

__________ is the original Internet e–mail standard. More recent e–mail standards include__________ and __________.

Back 80

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol or SMTP, Post Office Protocol 3 or POP3, Internet Message AccessProtocol 4 or IMAP4

Front 81

The __________ is a global collection of networks that are interconnected with TCP/IP.

Back 81

Internet

Front 82

Web pages are encoded in __________ and delivered from a Web server to a Web browser via__________.

Back 82

HTML or XML, Hypertext Transfer Protocol or HTTP

Front 83

The __________ standard defines methods for embedding graphics and other nontext data in e–mail messages and Web pages.

Back 83

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions or MIME

Front 84

The __________ is a collection of resources that can be accessed over the Internet by standardprotocols, such as FTP and HTTP.

Back 84

World Wide Web, Web, or WWW

Front 85

__________ is a family of component infrastructure and interoperability standards supported byMicrosoft.

Back 85

COM+

Front 86

__________ defines a standard for describing and accessing directories of users and distributedresources.

Back 86

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol or LDAP

Front 87

A(n) __________ contains a protocol, an Internet host, an optional socket, and a resource path.

Back 87

Uniform Resource Locator or URL

Front 88

__________ is a wide–ranging standard covering network directory services, file–sharing services,RPC, remote thread execution, system security, and distributed resource management.

Back 88

Distributed Computing Environment or DCE

Front 89

With the __________ protocol, a client can interact with a remote computer’s command layer asthough it were a directly connected VDT.

Back 89

Telnet

Front 90

A(n) __________ is a standardized, interchangeable, and executable software module that has aunique identifier and a well–known interface.

Back 90

component

Front 91

__________ is a family of component infrastructure and interoperability standards supported by abroad consortium of computer companies.

Back 91

Common Object Request Broker Architecture or CORBA

Front 92

The set of software layers for implementing network I/O and services is called a(n) __________.

Back 92

protocol stack

Front 93

Web/business tier components of the Java EE distributed application architecture include__________, __________, and __________.

Back 93

JavaServer Pages or JSP, Java servlets, Enterprise JavaBeans or EJBs

Front 94

__________ is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts HTTP requests and responses.

Back 94

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure or HTTPS

Front 95

__________ is an improved version of Telnet that encrypts data flowing between client andserver.

Back 95

Secure Shell or SSH

Front 96

A(n) __________ is a shared memory region that enables multiple processes executing on thesame machine to exchange messages.

Back 96

pipe

Front 97

____________ describes a cloud computing model in which users install their own applications onvendor–supplied hardware with vendor–supplied system software.

Back 97

PaaS or platform as a service

Front 98

____________ describes a cloud computing model in which users access vendor–owned software,running on vendor–owned hardware and system software, via the Internet.

Back 98

SaaS or software as a service

Front 99

What happens when a resource access request is sent to the local resource locator?

Back 99

It attempts to find the resource by using registry and if it has no success it reaches out to a external resource.

Front 100

Why are some organizations unwilling to embrace SaaS fully?

Back 100

They would be storing potentially sensitive data on someone else servers. if the organizations files get compromised it would be their fault because they placed their security in the hands of someone else.

Front 101

__________ are expected to provide service over a period of years.

Back 101

Capital resources

Front 102

__________ is the process of determining or verifying the identity of a user or process owner.

Back 102

Authentication

Front 103

__________ is the process of determining whether an authenticated user or process has enoughrights to access a resource.

Back 103

Authorization

Front 104

The term __________ usually refers only to creating and managing records of user activity orresource access.

Back 104

auditing

Front 105

A(n) __________ accepts service requests from an untrusted network and relays the requests tothe appropriate servers.

Back 105

application firewall

Front 106

Because IS resources can be considered __________, service standards and costs for operation,maintenance, and improvement are important components of the IS strategic plan.

Back 106

infrastructure

Front 107

A(n) __________ is a formal (legal) document that solicits bids from hardware and softwarevendors.

Back 107

request for proposal or RFP

Front 108

A(n) __________ is a program or program fragment that infects a computer by installing itselfpermanently, performing malicious acts, and replicating and spreading itself by using services of the infected computer.

Back 108

virus

Front 109

A(n) __________ detects and reports processing or I/O activity.

Back 109

monitor

Front 110

Opportunities to use IS resources for a __________ might be missed if these resources aremanaged only as infrastructure.

Back 110

competitive advantage

Front 111

A(n) __________ provides auxiliary power during blackouts and can notify the OS when it’sactivated.

Back 111

uninterruptible power supply or UPS

Front 112

Computer hardware must be protected against __________ and __________ in electrical power.

Back 112

surges, sags

Front 113

A(n) __________ tracks the progress of complex client/server interactions and blocks packets thatdon’t conform to normal activity patterns.

Back 113

stateful firewall

Front 114

A(n) __________ is a hardware device, software, or a combination of hardware and software thatprevents unauthorized users in one network from accessing resources in another network.

Back 114

firewall

Front 115

Long–range acquisition of hardware and software should be made in the context of an overall__________ for the organization.

Back 115

strategic plan

Front 116

16. The resource demands of an existing application program can be measured with a(n) __________.

Back 116

program profiler

Front 117

What, at a minimum, should goals for a strategic plan include?

Back 117

What services will be provided?


How will users be charged?


What infrastructure is required to provide services?


How can the infrastructure be operated, maintained, and improved at minimal cost?

Front 118

List three common capabilities of antivirus software.

Back 118

Scan files and foldersPrevent downloadswarnings about out of date software