Interpersonal Communications

Front 1

Channel

Back 1

*The medium through which a message passes from sender to receiver
-between 2 people

Front 2

Feedback

Back 2

*A discernable response of a receiver to a sender's message
-allows for correction
-can be verbal or nonverbal
-Information Theory (yes and no's)
-can be distorted
-dated

Front 3

Co-Cultural

Back 3

*A group within an encompassing culture with a perceived identity
ex. age, race, sex, nationality, religion, activity

Front 4

Individualistic Culture

Back 4

*A culture in which people view their primary responsibility as helping themselves
-characterized by self-reliance in competition
-U.S. is one
(-vs. collectivistic culture-communicators feel loyalties and obligations to an in-group (ex. family, jobs, organizations)-more attentive to opinions of significant others)

Front 5

Cognitive Complexity

Back 5

*The ability to construct a variety of frameworks for viewing an issue
-ex. friend seems angry with you-possible explanations: offended by something you've done, something has happened in another part of their life, or nothing is wrong and you are being overly sensitive

Front 6

Transactional Model

Back 6

*The dynamic process in which communicators create meaning together through interaction
-noise
-feedback
-symbols-verbal and nonverbal-all that can be sent and received-have to be interpreted
-channel
-perceptions

Front 7

Ethnocentrism

Back 7

*An attitude that one's own culture is superior to that of others

Front 8

Prejudice

Back 8

*An unfairly biased and intolerant attitude toward others who belong to an out-group

Front 9

Computer Mediated Communication

Back 9

*CMC-Communication that occurs via computerized channels (ex. e-mail, instant messaging, computer conferencing)
-nonverbal messages cannot be seen-lack of richness

Front 10

Noise

Back 10

*External, physiological, and psychological distractions that interfere with the accurate transmission and reception of a message
-interrupts the channel

Front 11

Out Groups/In Groups

Back 11

*Out group-a group that an individual sees as different from herself or himself
*In group-a group with which an individual identifies herself or himself

Front 12

Achievement Culture

Back 12

*A culture that places a high value on the achievement of material success and a focus on the task at hand (aka masculine culture)
-vs nurturing culture-cultures in which the support of relationships is an important goal
-U.S. is a mixture

Front 13

Self

Back 13

-who you are
-tells you to communicate in "this" way

Front 14

Cognitive Conservatism

Back 14

*The tendency to seek out information that conforms to an existing self-concept and to ignore information that contradicts it

Front 15

Self-fulfilling prophecies

Back 15

*The causal relationship that occurs when a person's expectations of an event and her or his subsequent behavior based on those expectations make the outcome more likely to occur than would otherwise have been true
-in order for an event to be positive, you have to believe it will be

Front 16

Empathy

Back 16

*The ability to project oneself into another person's point of view in an attempt to experience the other's thoughts and feelings
-used to form relationships
-perceptual check-do i understand why people do the things they do (is the empathy correct)
-when you show a person empathy-you are valuing them as a human being
-helps someone else (not own benefit) therefore you have to reach out to the other-takes commitment
-can increase their self-image

Front 17

Stereotyping

Back 17

*Exaggerated beliefs associated with a categorizing system

Front 18

Identity Management

Back 18

*The communication strategies people use to influence how others view them

Front 19

Perception Checking

Back 19

*A three-part method for verifying the accuracy of interpretations, including a description of the sense data, two possible interpretations, and a request for confirmation of the interpretations
-check perceptions for stereotypes and prejudices (we tend to organize our perceptions into a whole)

Front 20

first order realities

Back 20

*The physically observable qualities of a thing or situation
-perceivable
-see, hear, taste, smell, and feel
(vs. second order realities-perceptions that arise from attaching meaning to first order things or situations; reasoning)

Front 21

self-concept

Back 21

*The relatively stable set of perceptions each individual holds of herself or himself (defined by you)
-idea you have of yourself (you create it yourself)
-often we don't recognize how we feel about somethings
-presenting image (facework)
-subjective-you see yourself in a variety of ways
-distorted feedback can distort your self-concept
-in order to change your self-concept:
-requires effort
-need outside help (professionals or someone you trust)
-have to want/desire change
-risk involved in using outside help

Front 22

self-disclosure

Back 22

*The process of deliberately revealing information about oneself that is significant and that would not normally be known by others
-should be of your choosing
-how much you are willing to disclose depends on the situation and relationship
-done through verbal and nonverbal communication

Front 23

Johari Window

Back 23

*A model that describes the relationship between self-disclosure and self-awareness
-open-everyone knows it
-blind-others know it about you but you dont
-hidden-you know it but others dont
-unknown-unknown to everyone-usually shrinks if asked the right questions
-you determine what others know about you
-what you decide to disclose is dependent on the relationship with the person

Front 24

gender

Back 24

*Psychological sex-type
-cultural-the way it has been over time
-androgynous-possessing both masculine and feminine traits (psychological)-plays both roles (male and female roles are often stereotypical)
-women and men judge the same behavior differently

Front 25

standpoint theory

Back 25

*A body of scholarship that explores how one's position in a society shapes one's view of society in general and of specific individuals

Front 26

perceived self

Back 26

*The person we believe ourselves to be in moments of honesty. It may be identical with or different from the presenting and desired selves

Front 27

significant other

Back 27

*A person whose opinion is important enough to affect one's self-concept strongly
-could be parents, teacher, coach, spouse, etc.

Front 28

attribution theory

Back 28

*The process of attaching meaning to another person's behavior
-your explanation of the others behavior

Front 29

halo effect

Back 29

*The tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic
-often physical (can be intellectual)
-first impresssion
-can be negative