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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Special Field Order #15 |
Distributed southern plantation land to black families |
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The Ku Klux Klan |
Was a secret society intended to prevent Freedmen from gaining full citizenship rights |
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The Bargain of 1877 |
Led to the official end of Reconstruction |
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The Civil Rights Bill of 1866 |
Became the basis of the Fourteenth Amendment |
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The Black Codes |
Placed strict restrictions on the Freedmen after emancipation |
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U.S. v. Cruikshank |
Effectively nullified the Enforcement Acts Was one of the Supreme Court's rulings that worked against black civil rights Threw out the convictions of some men found guilty in the Colfax Massacre |
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The Reconstruction Act of 1867 |
Called for creation of new state governments in the South and gave black men the right to vote |
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The Crop-Lien System |
Kept many sharecroppers in a state of constant debt and poverty |
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"pools" |
Industrial leaders secretly agreeing to fix prices |
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"conspicuous consumption" |
Developed from the lifestyles of America's wealthiest families |
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The Knights of Labor |
-Was an inclusive organization that advocated for a vast array of reform -Terrance V. Powderly was a leader of the Knights -The Knights excluded the Asian immigrants on the West Coast -The Knights rejected the idea of freedom expressed by Social Darwinists |
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John D. Rockefeller |
Created the Standard Oil Company, which monopolized the nation's oil industry |
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Wounded Knee |
Was a U.S. Army massacre of American Indians -Sioux |
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Thomas Edison |
Was an inventor who revolutionized the electrical industry |
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Lochner v. New York |
This Supreme Court case solidified the "Liberty of Contract" idea in the U.S. economy |
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Sherman Antitrust Act |
Banned business practices that stifled competition and restrained free trade |
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People's Party |
Emerged as the Farmers Alliance organization Claimed to represent the "producing class" Their party platform of 1892 called for a graduated income tax Lost badly in the presidential election of 1896 |
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Omaha platform of 1892 |
Called for Federal-government intervention into the economy to eliminate oppression and poverty Addressed the economic plight of farmers and laborers |
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Kansas Exodus |
40,000-60,000 blacks migrated to Kansas, seeking political equality, freedom from violence, access to education, and economic opportunity Caused by racial barrier to employment, whites-only union policies, expansion of industrial jobs in northern cities |
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The Platt Amendment of 1901 |
Action by Congress that authorized the U.S. to intervene militarily in Cuba when the U.S. believed it necessary |
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Ida B. Wells |
She published a newspaper in Memphis, TN She had to flee the South when her life was threatened She was the nation's leading anti-lynching crusader -publicly denounced lynching in the South |
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Women's Christian Temperance Union |
Founded in 1874 Demanded prohibition of alcohol Frances Willard was president Insisted women must abandon the idea that "weakness and dependence were their nature and join assertively in movements to change society" |
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Business Unionism |
Was a strategy of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) to win higher wages and better working conditions |
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Presidential Election of 1896 |
Was a major victory for the Republican Party -William McKinley won Industrial American now voted solidly Republican Extremely high voter turnout |
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The "new immigrants" |
Came from southern and eastern Europe -Italy, Russia, Austro Hungarian empires Willing to work for low wages |
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The Enforcement Acts of 1870-71 |
Defined crimes aimed to deprive citizens of their civil rights as violations of state law Outlawed terrorist organizations Allowed the president to use the U.S. Army against terrorist organizations |
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Andrew Carnegie |
Built a "vertically integrated" steel company |
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Presidential Election of 1876 |
Both the Republicans and the Democrats claimed victory The votes in Florida were disputed Hayes won due to the Compromise of 1877 |
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Sharecropping |
Major result was the South's economic commitment to cotton |
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Radical Republicans |
In favor of: -Granting the franchise to the freedmen -Disfranchising Southern elites who participated in hostilities -Dividing the South into five military districts -Reconstruction Amendments |
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Pullman Strike |
involved a secondary labor boycott |
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"Change over Time" |
The relationship between "continuity" and "change" is important |
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"Historical Intuition" |
Putting yourself in the shoes of historical actors |
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14th Amendment |
Defined U.S. citizenship according to jus soli guidelines Made former slaves citizens of the U.S. Contained the "equal protection" clause |
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15th Amendment |
1870 Eliminated race as a legal basis for disfranchisement |
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13th Amendment |
Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the U.S. |
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Black civil rights during 1890s |
Suffered blow because: -Southern Democrats disfranchised black voters -Northern white Republicans became more interested in economic issues than in civil rights -The Federal government did nothing to stop the lynching of blacks in the South |
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Williams v. Mississippi |
U.S. Supreme Court ruled that poll taxes and other voting restrictions did not violate the 15th Amendment |
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Plessy v. Ferguson |
Ruled that "separate but equal" segregation laws were consistent with the 14th Amendment |
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Group that strongly supported the Dawes Act of 1887 |
The "reformers" |
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The Dawes Act |
Abolished the American Indians' tribal governments Separated Indian parents from their children |
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Teddy Roosevelt |
Became a war hero in the Spanish American War, then became Vice President, then became President of the United States Built the Panama Canal |
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Workingman's Party of California |
Stated that "The Chinese Must Go!" |
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Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 |
Prohibited Chinese immigration to the U.S. for ten years (renewable) Was the first legislation to restrict a specific group from entering the U.S. |
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U.S. v. Wong Kim Ark |
Upheld birthplace citizenship rights for children born to Chinese parents in America (jus soli) |
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Alfred Thayer Mahan |
argued that national power in the world stemmed from the ability to control the seas with a strong navy promoted the Panama Canal |
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Causes of Spanish-American War |
The "Free Cuba" Movement The rise of the "Yellow Press" in the U.S. The deadly explosion on the U.S.S. Maine |
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Emilio Aguinaldo |
Fought on the side of the U.S. during the Spanish-American War Fought against the U.S. after McKinley colonized the Philippines |
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The Spanish American War was characterized by ____; the aftermath of the war was characterized by _____. |
National unity; increasing divisions over American imperialism |
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Did President McKinley claim the Philippines as a formal U.S. colony? |
Yes |
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"Thinking Historically" |
requires the development of historical intuition |
