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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is mitosis |
Cell division
- Interphase - Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase |
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Tissues
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Specialized cells grouped together to perform tasks
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What organelles are found in both plant and animals cells?
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- Nucleus
- Golgi Appartus - Vacuole - Cell membrane - Chromatin - Smooth / Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Ribosomes |
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What path does food take during digestion?
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Mouth -> Tongue -> Pharnyx -> Esophagus -> Stomach -> Small Intestine -> Large intestine -> Rectum
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Describe the chest cavity, diaphragm, and rib cage when you inhale/exhale
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- When you inhale the diaphragm contracts and moves down while the rib cage rises and chest cavity size increases due to low pressure
- When you exhale the diaphragm moves up decreasing the size of the chest cavity making the rib cage lower due to high pressure |
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During gas exchange which substance moves form the alveoli into the blood
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Oxygen
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What is homeostasis
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A steady state amongst our body systems
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What are hormones
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Chemical messengers sending information throughout the body
- Part of the endocrine system |
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What is the role of nervous tissue
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- Nerve cells create messages from the body called impulses from the brain
- Stimuli |
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What is the difference between adult and stem cells and embryonic stem cells
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Adult - Found in skin, blood, and neural tissue but not many. Have a limited ability to create a variety of cell types.
Embryonic - Found in embryos and are able to undergo differentiation. |
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What is medical imaging
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The technique used to create images of the human body for medical research
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How does an atom become an ion
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An ion is an atom that has a charge
- Atom loses or gains electrons to become an ion |
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Molecular Compound
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Non-metal to non-metal
- H2O / NF3 |
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Complete Combustion
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C_H_ +O2 --> CO2 + H2O
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Incomplete Combustion
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C_H_ + O2 --> CO2 + CO + C + H2O
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Synthesis Reaction
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Two or more elements/ compounds reacting to form a single compound
- Mg + O2 --> MgO |
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Decomposition Reaction
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- A compound reacts to produce the elements that make up it composition
- H2O2 --> O2 +H2O |
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Single Displacement
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- An element and a compound react and the two like elements switch places
- Cu + Ag (NO3) --> Ag + Cu (NO3)2 |
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Double Displacement
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- When 2 compunds react and both non-metals and metals switch places
- Ca (OH)2 + Ag (NO3) --> Ca (NO3)2 + Ag (OH) |
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Properties of Acids
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- Dissolve in water
- Conductor in aqueous solution - Irritate/ Burn skin - Sour - Release hydrogen ions - Corrodes metals - Reacts with metals to produce a compund and hydrogen gas |
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Properties in Bases
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- Dissolves in water
- Conducts electricity in aqeuous solution - Can irritate/ Burn skin - Tastes bitter - Feels slippery - Releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solution |
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Neutralization Reaction
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- Chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and salt
- Acid + Base --> Salt + Water |
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How to identify a base by its formula
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Starts with a metallic ion or with the ammonium ion NH4+ and OH
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Which 2 compunds are major contributors to acid precipitation
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- Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
- Nitrogen oxides (NOx) |
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How might an environmental chemist neutralize a lake with a very acidic PH
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- By adding lim from limestone which raises the pH
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Crest
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Highest point in a wave
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Trough
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Lowest point in a wave
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Rest position
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Level of the water without waves
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Wavelength
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Distance between 2 similar points in a wave
(Crest - Crest / Trough - Trough) |
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What does light do as it passes from air into water
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The light rays change direction at te surface of the water as they pass through the air into the water
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The image of an object in a concave mirror lens is always...
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Inverted and real
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Do curved mirrors obey the law of relection
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Yes
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WHat are the properties of light
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ROYGBV
- travels in electromagnetic waves - 300 000 000 m/s - Between Infared and UV radiation |
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How does your image appear in a plane mirror
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- Virtual
- Appears as far behind as your are in front of it |
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When you view objects in water they are distorted. if you ae looking at a rock that's sitting on a lake bed, where is the actual rock in relation to it's image
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Objective is in front of the image and lower
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What is the refractive index of a medium
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The amount a transparent medium decreases the speed of light
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White light is made out of 6 colours? Order them from longest to shortest
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Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet
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What is the name of structure that controls the amount of light entering the eye?
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Iris
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What is the difference between near-sighted and far sighted?
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Far-sighted - Can see far but not near, the image forms behind the eye/ retina
Near-Sighted - Can see near but not far, the image forms in fornt of the retina |
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What is red-green colour vision deficency
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When red and green appear to be the same
- Due to lack of photoreceptors (Cone cells) that detect red |
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What structure contains photoreceptors? What are they called? What do they do?
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- Found in the retina
- Rod cells -> help detect shapes and movement - Cone cells -> Detect colour (3 types: red, green, blue) |
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What is the natural greenhouse effect? What does it have on Earth?
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The absorption of thermal energy by the atmosphere maintaining Earth's average temperature sustainable for life (14'C). Without it the Earth's averag etemperature would be -20'C
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How has climate change affected the world's oceans?
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- Warmer oceans = less of a carbon sink (phtoplankton)
- Flooding - Change geographic coastlines - Contaminates fresh water supplies |
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What happens in prophase?
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- Nuclear membrance breaks down
- Chromatins coils together to form chromosomes - Centrioles start moving to opposite poles - Spindle fibres begin forming between centrioles |
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Explain the function of the integumentary system?
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The skin -> Protective barrier for the body
--> Regulates body temperature --> Protects against infection |
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Describe process of eliminating waste in blood
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- Through the kidney's. Nephrons filter out uria, water, ad CO2
- Urine is created - Urine travels through the ureter to the urinary bladder, out through the urethra and exits th body |
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How is diffusion involved in gas exchange?
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The movement form high to low concentration
- Oxygen moves from high concentration in the alveoli to the low concentration in the doxygenated blood stream - Carbon dioxide moves from high concentration in the blood stream to low concentration in the alveoli |
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How are plant and animal cells different?
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- Plant cells have a boxy shape
- Plant cells have a larger vacuole - Plant cells have chloroplast - Plant cells make their own food - Animal cells have lysosomes |
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Explain how cancerous cells develop and how their celll cycle differs from that of normal cells
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- When the mutation of a cells DNA takes place
--> Cancer cells are independent --> Cancer cells are immortal (do not undergo apoptosis) --> Cancer cells have irregular shape --> Cancer cells have a large nucleus and less cytoplasm |
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Identify the two types of stem cells and why they are so valuable in biological research and treatment?
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Adult and Embryonic
- Can help repair damaged nerve tissue - can help with regeneration |
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Give an example of 2 organ systems that work together to maintain homeostasis
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Respiratroy and Circulatory
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