Geology 101

Front 1

hydrology

Back 1

the study of the movements and characteristics of water on and under Earth's surfce

Front 2

groundwater

Back 2

the mass of water stored beneath Earth's surface

Front 3

reservoir

Back 3

place that stores water

Front 4

Earth's main natural reservoirs

Back 4

oceans, glaciers and polar ice, groundwater lakes and rivers, the atmosphere, the biosphere

Front 5

Largest water repository on the planet

Back 5

Oceans. 95.96% = salt water, 4.04% = fresh water

Front 6

Resistance Time

Back 6

With inflows and outflows of a reservoir, the resistance time is the average time that any quantity of water stays in the reservoir

Front 7

World's total water supply

Back 7

1.46 billion cubic kilometers

Front 8

hydrologic cycle

Back 8

cyclical movement of water

Front 9

What powers some of the main flows of water from one reservoir to another

Back 9

Water shifting from state to state (water, vapor, ice) depending on the temperature

Front 10

precipitation

Back 10

rain or snow

Front 11

infiltration

Back 11

the process by which water enters rock or soil through joints or small pore spaces between particles

Front 12

transpiration

Back 12

the release of water vapor from plants

Front 13

runoff

Back 13

the rain water that flows over the surface

Front 14

sublimation

Back 14

the transformation from a solid directly into a gas

Front 15

Top three reservoirs, percent of water in each

Back 15

Oceans 96%
Glaciers 3%
Groundwater 1%

Front 16

Wisconsin Groundwater Facts

Back 16

Wisconsin's ground water would cover the state to a depth of 105 feet.
Wells serve >70% of Wisconsin population.
Wells serve <30% of the US population.

Front 17

Reservoir movements

Back 17

influx = water in
discharge = water out

Front 18

During dry periods

Back 18

There is Low Runoff. Streams bring in small amounts of water and carry away small amounts

Front 19

During wet periods

Back 19

There is high runoff. Streams bring in large amounts of water, which is stored, and slowly released during dry periods.

Front 20

Groundwater flow

Back 20

is slow and diffuse. There are no underground rivers.