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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 forces that move material at Earths surface? |
wind, moving water (rivers and coastline)GlaciersGravity- Mass Waisting
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MASS WAISTING?
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when material moved down hill due to gravity
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Factors of Mass Waisting |
what type of earth material is it? local weather/environment. Moisture conditions. Slope angle a.k.a.Angle of repose. (stability/instablility of a slope of a particular material)VegtetationEarth quakes
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Slump (non vertical): |
where water eroded land and falls down as one piece |
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Creep(non vertical): |
slow daily motion of top soils….freeze thawfreeze thaw
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Vertical mass waisting is called? |
A fall |
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non vertical mass waisting is called? |
A slide |
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Dry mass waisting is called? |
slide |
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Wet mass waisting is called? |
Flow |
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What is ground water? |
water stored in spaces between grains and infractures |
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Porosity |
the amount of space in a material (potential waterstorage)
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Permeability |
how fast can the water flow through thismaterial?
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Aquifer |
a material that has adequate porosity andpermeability to keep up with water demands
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Aquitard |
“slow flow”- flow cant meet demand
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Aquiclude |
little to no permeability
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The larger the grain size in sediment for ground water? |
The more porous and permeable the sediment becomes |
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The smaller the grain size for ground water |
The less porous and permeable is becomes |
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What is a glacier? |
A mass of moving ice |
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To make a glacier: |
1) snowfall2) short summers ormild summers3)
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how do glaciers move? |
Basal sliding- the glacier slides over theland of surface Factors- hill slope, material that makes upslope, size of the glacier, what is between you and the ground, lubricant –rockflour and meltwater |
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Internal deformation? |
- ice bending or flowing over time
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Zones of a glaciers surface? |
Accumulation zone- annual snowfall exceedsmeltingAblationzone-annual meting exceeds snowfallTerminus –often the terminus is very dirty |
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Two main types of glaciers: |
continental glaciers antarcitca and greenlandalpine glaciers: mountain glaciers, valleyglaciers, piedmont glaciers, tidewater glaciers |
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what is till? |
Sediment dropped as ice melts all shapes and sizes, no layering |
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what is Outwash ? |
sediment that has been washed out by the end of theglacier by the meltwater streams
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what is Loess: |
silt(rock flour) carried and deposited by the wind… eroded from braided rivers |
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what is erratic? |
Large boulders carried by glaciers |
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Basal sliding? |
this is where the weight of the glacier is sufficient to overcome the friction between the ice and the surface of the rock or sediment below. Imagine sitting on the roof of a house. You probably wouldn’t slide, but if we kept putting textbooks in your lap, we might be able to add enough weight to get you |
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What is a drumlin? |
: as our glacier runs into piles of sediment theycreate hill like things that have tails |
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Kettle lakes |
kettle lakes created by ice being dropped off byglaciers |
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Esker: |
a hill made out of gravel |
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Kames |
round hill made out of lake sediments from glaciers |
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Meltwater lake:
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a lake on top of ice |
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Down cutting |
where the stream starts to eat away at its bed |
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Erosio: |
streams flow faster… where stream gets narrower |
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Headward erosion |
where overland flow enters the beginning of a channel we seevelocity increase
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there is a limit to how far the stream can down cut |
- the water level in the body of water our streamempties into BASE LEVEL- once a stream reaches base level downcuttingstops(no more erosion of the bed)- is still cassrries water and sediment from otherstreams (tributaries)- it still adds sediment to the delta
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major mechanisms for erosion in deserts |
wind and water |
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Bajada: |
a whole bunch of alluvial fans that get together and make a sloping valley |
