Family #1

Front 1

2 primary functions the family is still responsible for

Back 1

1) socialization
2) reproduction (although this can occur outside the institution now)

Front 2

5 reasons why studying family is so difficult

Back 2

1) limited knowledge of private lives
2) too many preconceived notions
3) too many commonsense beliefs
4) old wives tales
5) strong personal opinions

Front 3

4 myths of families

Back 3

1) harmony (actually volatile)
2) universal traditional nuclear family (this is a Western Model)
3) parental determinism (suggest life is layed out based on family of orientation
4) stable harmonious past (myth that there was a golden age)

Front 4

_/__ of world's societies allow polygamy

Back 4

3/4

Front 5

7 Biases of the family according to Eichler's research

Back 5

1) monolithic bias
2) conservative bias
3) Sexist bias
4) ageist bias
5) microstuctural bias
6) racist bias
7) heterosexist bias

Front 6

monolithic bias

Back 6

sees families as having uniform experiences, structures, etc

Front 7

conservative bias

Back 7

having a romantic view of the nuclear family. It is a preconceived notion

Front 8

Sexist bias

Back 8

fails to recognize individual experiences within genders, and denies the family experience. It is the smallest unit of analysis within the family

Front 9

ageist bias

Back 9

fails to look at experiences of others aside from the middle aged family members

Front 10

racist bias

Back 10

ethnocentric view which devalues different types of people

Front 11

heterosexist bias

Back 11

thinking it's the only natural unit possible

Front 12

fictive kin

Back 12

those individuals you give family status too, even if there are no legal/biologic ties

Front 13

boys growing up with single mothers have a _____ view about women

Back 13

more positive

Front 14

during the what is family movie, a bunch of different family types were asked to define family. what was the common theme?

Back 14

love

Front 15

__/__ would let their career suffer to spend more time with kids

Back 15

2/3

Front 16

single parent families ...

Back 16

not a recent trend
past= widowhood
present= divorce/separation

Front 17

Eichler (3)
feminist sociologist

Back 17

- its WHAT makes a family, not who
- type of interaction is important, not who is part of it
- supports many different kids of families

Front 18

Slater (3)
focus on the family canada (very religious group)

Back 18

- wants to save traditional family
- worried Eichler's defnition is too broad and can include anyone
- single parenting a disaster
- believes society shouldnt promote divorce

Front 19

Glossop (3)

Back 19

- Families have always been diverse
- govts should start with a broad/inclusive definition and then narrow it based on the issue
- to some extend families have become "privitized"

Front 20

4 basic assumptions within structural functionalism

Back 20

1) various structures are interrelated
2) family's role in society is shrinking (partyl cuz family and work are becoming separated)
3) family's function diminished
4) division of labour- stabalizing family order

Front 21

how does structural functionalism believe functions are best fulfilled?

Back 21

through role differentiation

Front 22

parsons' expressive versus instrumental roles can also be called

Back 22

internal versus external affairs

Front 23

5 basic assumptions of social exchange theory

Back 23

1) people motivated by self-interest
2) world is a marketplace
3) individuals contained by choices
4) humans are rational beings
5) business occurs in families

Front 24

how does business occur in families

Back 24

rewards
costs
profits
multiple reiprocity

Front 25

rewards can be....

Back 25

tangible or intangible

Front 26

costs can be...

Back 26

natural or psychological

Front 27

profits can...

Back 27

maximize gains or limit lossess

Front 28

multual reciprocity can be...

Back 28

receiving something equal to that given

Front 29

5 critiques of social exchange theory

Back 29

1) limited in explainaing fam dynamics
2) focus on individual rather than family needs
3) assumes people behave with self-interest
4) assumens ppl are rational
5) cynical view of human relationships

Front 30

4 assumptions of symbolic interactionism

Back 30

1) humans are active social beings
2) meaning is important element of behaviour
3) concerned with inner family workings
4) focus on interpretation of others' actions

Front 31

3 critiques of symbolic interactionism

Back 31

1) too subjective
2) ignores impact of society on family
3) doesnt explain society wide changes in families

Front 32

developmental theory

Back 32

brings together different schools of thought when talking about stages in life

Front 33

4 assumptions of developmental theory

Back 33

1) families undergo stages of development
2) there are tasks associated w each stage
3) families must be viewed in multiple levels of analysis
4) families viewed over time

Front 34

3 stages in developmental theory

Back 34

1) addition/subtraction of family members (birth, death, leaving home)
2) stages of child development
3) connections to social system (retirement, etc) - this affects macro systems as well as family

Front 35

5 critiques of developmental theoru

Back 35

1) most families dont fit prescribed format
2) based on traditional nuclear family
3) fails to recognize diversity
4) treats womens/mens eperiences as similar
5) descriptive rather than predictive

Front 36

even though many feminists are different, what are two things most agree on

Back 36

1) North American society is patriarchal
2) it systematically oppresses women

Front 37

what do feminists often discuss?

Back 37

reproduction and paid labour

Front 38

5 basic assumptions of feminism

Back 38

1) women's experiences central to family
2) gender is socially constructed
3) social/historical contexts important
4) family takes many forms
5) objective/unbiased observation not possible

Front 39

maternal feminism (3)

Back 39

- strength of reproduction for women
- roles as wives/mothers are source of status
- this status is reduced by limited opps for kids (impacted by labor)

Front 40

liberal feminism (3)

Back 40

- inequality in opps, rights, education
- need laws and social policies for equality
- tangible things

Front 41

Marxist feminism (4)

Back 41

-focus on work related issues
- women's work is trivialized and their work in the home is not recognized
- capitalism is connected to family
- women work double shift

Front 42

radical feminism (3)

Back 42

- trying to eradicate male supremacy
- some have suggested separation
- see reproductive techs as a good thing (no men needed)

Front 43

socialist feminism (2)

Back 43

- combo of marxist and radical
- the combination of patriarchy and capitalism = gender inequality

Front 44

2 feminism critiques

Back 44

1) working against traditional family
2) fails to recognize matrix of oppression (doesnt speak for ethnic groups, etc)

Front 45

4 basic assumptions of conflict theory

Back 45

1) nature of humans is to be self-oriented
2) confrontations over control of resources exist
3) conflict is inevitable in relationships
4) all members need access to power

Front 46

4 types of power

Back 46

1) legitimate authority (head of house, parent, oldest, etc)
2) money (highest earner)
3) physical coercion (spanking child, spousal abuse)
4) love (can be used positively or negatively)

Front 47

2 critiques of conflict theory

Back 47

1) fails to show how families contribute to society
2) doesnt explain why norms/values for families change slowly

Front 48

Family systems theory is linked to

Back 48

psychotherapy

Front 49

4 basic assumptions of family systems theory

Back 49

1) whole is greater than sum of parts
2) focus of pathology
3) all members take on roles
4) family systems attempt to reach equilibrium

Front 50

family systems theory sees 3 basic family types

Back 50

1) open family
2) random family
3) closed family

Front 51

open family (3)

Back 51

-democratic
- interactions w outsiders permitted
- consensus/flexibility

Front 52

random family (3)

Back 52

- no boundaries/inconsistent
- members disengaged from group
- spend little time together and children see that as a lack of love/concern

Front 53

closed family (3)

Back 53

- members overly involved
- individuality not permitted
- emotional illnesses are a common result

Front 54

4 critiques of family systems theory

Back 54

1) too vague for true testing (like a flow chart)
2) asumers all members want family to stay together
3) fails to look @ societal influence
4) overlooks individual experiences

Front 55

society in hunting and gathering (7)

Back 55

- undifferentiated (all public)
- small and nomadic
- no land ownership
- shared economic/leadership
- no formal hierarchies
- few inequalities
- subsistence economy

Front 56

family in hunting and gathering (4)

Back 56

- unit of production
- independent members
- extensive kinship ties and controls
- matrilineal descent

Front 57

marriage in hunting and gathering (5)

Back 57

- exogamous (intra-group), which led to shared kin groups
- spousal independence
- egalitarian authority
- polygamous marraiges
- flexible residental choice
- divorce easily obtained

Front 58

gender roles in hunting and gathering

Back 58

- short life expectancy
- interdependence
- sexual freedom
- work based on sex/age
- reciprocal sheres (both hunting and gathering just as respected)

Front 59

children in hunting and gathering

Back 59

- loved
- rased by community
- no punishment/fear of parents
- informally educated
- obedience not taught

Front 60

horticultural era

Back 60

was halfway between hunting and gathering and the 1700s

Front 61

society in 1700s family

Back 61

- agriculture
- public/private differentiation
- perment settlements
- land ownership
- property and posessions
- class differences

Front 62

family in 1700s

Back 62

- unit of production
- large families
- began to isolate
- nuclear form emerged
- family based economy
- patrilineal descent

Front 63

marriage in 1700s

Back 63

- married once labour wasnt needed
- endogamous (marry within group)
-not individual choice/not love
- patriarchal authority
- monogamy
-neolocal
- divorce almost unatainable

Front 64

gender roles in 1700s (women)

Back 64

- shorter life expectancy for women and they were dependent/obedient
- emotional/illogical
- no decision making
- not expected to have sexual feelings
- punished for adultry

Front 65

in 1700s, sex was a ____ and a _____

Back 65

mans privlege and a womans duty

Front 66

gender roles in 1700s (men)

Back 66

- superiority enforced through law/religion
- rule of thumb
- family was property
- adultry accepted

Front 67

Children in 1700s

Back 67

- little adults
- corporal punishment
-taught obedience
- some formalized schooling

Front 68

society in industrial (1900s)

Back 68

-major change= employment outside home
- cities developing
- family wage economy
- social class divisions emerged

Front 69

family in industrial

Back 69

- unit of consumption
- breadwinner vs homemaker
- fertility rate declined
- less self-reliant, more isolated

Front 70

marriage in industrial

Back 70

- later age
- family is haven in hostile world
- based on romantic love
- focus on self-development

Front 71

gender roles industrial (women)

Back 71

- identities centred around family
- housework trivialized
- responsible for maintaining happiness
- worked until marraige then quit
- only about 5% of married worked

Front 72

gender roles industrial (men)

Back 72

- head of house/authority figure
- wage expected to support family

Front 73

children in industrial

Back 73

- parents' love objects
- extended dependency
- formal education began
- tasks differentiated by sex

Front 74

what were the economic conditions like during golden age

Back 74

better than in any time since industrialization

Front 75

real wages

Back 75

grew during golden age, and working class began making middle class incomes

Front 76

example of real wage growth

Back 76

in one year of the 50s the real wages grew more than the entire decade of 80s

Front 77

during the golden age, less than ___ % thought unmarried people could be happy

Back 77

10

Front 78

during golden age, a 30 year old man could buy a medium sized home for ___ -___ % of his salary

Back 78

15-18

Front 79

___ % of men claim they want to share household chores

Back 79

84

Front 80

the truth of the golden age

Back 80

it was the economic climate, NOT the romantic view of the family that lef to pro family sentiments and behaviours

Front 81

although it is the golden age, only ____ of couples would want 50's marriages

Back 81

20%

Front 82

actually ___ % lived in poverty during the 50s

Back 82

25

Front 83

Betty Freiedan

Back 83

- wrote feminine mystique
- looked at female experiences as the problem with no name
-kickstarted women;s movement

Front 84

most important influence over family in all situations

Back 84

ECONOMICS

Front 85

6 functions of the modern family

Back 85

1) reproduction/procreation
2) socialization
3) economic
4) provision of a home
5) status
6) belongingness

Front 86

parsons - structural differentiation

Back 86

- feels that functions in the past were to socialize good children, but now the family is oursourcing socializaton work to other sources.

Front 87

Parsons says only 2 main functions of the family are left

Back 87

1) socialization of children
2) stabilization of adult personalities

Front 88

fletcher argues that

Back 88

families today have more responsbilitiy than families in the past because they are now a unit of consumption

Front 89

privitized nuclear family

Back 89

a self-contained, self-reliant and home centred unit that is separated/isolated from its extended kin, neighbours, and local community
- parsons calls this being structurally isolated

Front 90

symmetrical nuclear family

Back 90

work distribution is more commonly shared therefore the function of the family is shifting
1) strong bond
2) shared activities

Front 91

reasons for decline in extended family 6

Back 91

1) need for geograhical mobility
2) higher rate of social mobility
3) growth in wealth/income
4) meritocracy
5) need to avoid status differences
6) protect family stability

Front 92

what 4 groups are staying connected to extended family

Back 92

1) traditional working class
2) asian communities
3) modified extended family
4) Beanpole family

Front 93

beanpole family

Back 93

people are living longer so there are multiple generations alive at the same time, but there are fewer people in each generation because not as many kids

Front 94

___ has a substantial affect ion imporoving child development

Back 94

eating dinner together

Front 95

__/__ children have a TV in their rooms, and ___% were preschoolers

Back 95

1/3, 20

Front 96

Generation M and Tv

Back 96

kids 8-18 watch about 6 hours a day

Front 97

these kids spend more time a day watching tv than ___

Back 97

any other activity, even school...

Front 98

__% of american families watch TV during dinner

Back 98

60

Front 99

at age 9, about __ % of kids are in sports, but by age 13, only __ % are

Back 99

80,20

Front 100

___ or more hours of TV a week starts to negatively affect academics

Back 100

10

Front 101

a kid born today will spend ____ years in front of a screen

Back 101

10

Front 102

evidence that facebook is used in ____ of divorce cases in USA

Back 102

20

Front 103

__ % of lawyers noticed an increase in social media as evidence

Back 103

80

Front 104

Mother's employment is

Back 104

increasing rapidly compared to other groups of women. especially ones with children under 6

Front 105

culturally induced stress

Back 105

our culture says women can play roles of mother, wife, employee etc at the same time

Front 106

children impact women's schedules ____, and impact mens ____

Back 106

greatly, hardly at all

Front 107

fathers employment has

Back 107

fallen slightly over the year (in terms of number of men working

Front 108

trends in mens working

Back 108

used to work from 18-65, but now they work 25-55 and work MORE hours in a day

Front 109

fathers are more likely to _____ and _____ than men without kids

Back 109

be employed, work longer hours

Front 110

largest group of households

Back 110

fulltime earner and a part time earner

Front 111

smallest group

Back 111

2 full time earners

Front 112

1/3 are

Back 112

single breadwinners plus full time homemaker

Front 113

however, when asked, most people believe ____

Back 113

the larges group is two full time earners