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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Forms the external body covering; protects deeper tissues from injury; synthesizes viamin D; site of culaneous receptors and sweat and oil glands
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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
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Protects and supports body organs; provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement; blood cells are formed within bones; stores minerals
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Skeletal System
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Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression; maintains posture; produces heat
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Muscular System
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Fast-acting control system of the body; responds to internal and external changes by activitating appropriate muscles and glands
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Nervous System
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Glands secrete hormones and regulate processes such as growth, reproduction and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
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Endocrine System
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Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc; the heart pumps blood.
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Cardiovascular System
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Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood; disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream; houses white blood cells involved in immunity. The immune response mounts the attack against foreigh substances within the body.
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Lymphatic System/Immunity
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Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide, the gaseous exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs.
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Respiratory System
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Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells; indigeswtible foodstuffs are elimated as feces.
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Digestive System
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Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body; regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood.
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Urinary System
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Overall function is production of offspring. Testes produce sperm and male sex hormone; ducts and glands aid in delivery of sperm to the female reproductive tract. Ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones; remaining structures serve as sites for fertilization and development of the fetus. Mammary glands of female breasts produce milk to nourish the newborn.
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Male and Female Reproductive System
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What are the levels of structural organization?
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Atom, Molecules, Cells, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism.
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What is Homeostatis?
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Ability to Maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continiously. "Unchanging"
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What are the three controls of Homeostatis?
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Receptor (sensor),
Control Center (set point) Effector (Output to stimulus) |
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What is Negative Feedback?
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Output shuts off original stimulus or reduces its intensity.
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What is Positive Feedback?
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"Snowballing Effect"
Labor Pains and Blood Clotting are Positive Feedback Mechanisms. |
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Superior (cranial)
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Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above.
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Inferior (caudal)
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Away from the head end or toward the lowar part of a structure of the body; below.
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Anterior (ventral)
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Toward or at the front of the body; in front of.
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Posterior (dorsal)
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Toward or at the back of the body; behind.
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Medial
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Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of.
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Lateral
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Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
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Intermediate
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Between a more medial and a more lateral structure.
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Proximal
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Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.
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Distal
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Farther from the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk. The knee is distal to the thigh.
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Superficial
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Toward or at the body surface. The skin is superficial to the skeletal muscles.
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Deep (internal)
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Away from the body surface, more internal. The lungs are deep to the skin.
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Sagittal Plane
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(arrow) verticle plane that divides the body into right and left parts. Median plane, midsagittal plane, parasagittal planes.
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Frontal Plane
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Lie vertically. Divide the body into Anterior and Posterior parts. Also called a coronal plane.
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Transverse Plane
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Horizontal plane runs from right to left dividing the body into superior and inverior parts. Also called a cross section.
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Oblique Plane
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A diagonal cut of a body part.
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Dorsal Body Cavity
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Protects nervous system organs. Contains cranial cavity, in the skull, and encases the brain. Also contains the vertebral or spinal cavity which runs within the vertebral column.
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Ventral Body Cavity
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Contains thorascic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity. Collectively called the viscera or visceral organs.
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