Exam 4 Criminology, Janssen

Front 1

political crime

Back 1

criminal acts committed for ideological purposes.

Front 2

weaknesses of international law

Back 2

1. Lack of power to enforce their decisions.
2.law of power to to assure compliance.

Front 3

Crime by or against government-what is researched more?

Back 3

crime against the gov is far more researched

Front 4

Clarke's typology of Assassins

Back 4

1. political- for political reasons

2.Egocentric- persons with overwhelming and aggressive egocentric need for acceptance, recognition, and status.

3.psychopathic- unable to relate to others, direct their rage at popular political figures.

4.insane- documented psychosis, a mental illness where they experience severe emotional and cognitive distortion.

5.atypical- those who defy classification

Front 5

types of organized criminal groups

Back 5

1.political-social- militant social movements that use violence; terrorists, kkk, militants.

2.Mercenary- Committed by groups for profit

3.In-Group Oriented- committed by adolescents or motorcycle gangs for psychological gratification.

4.Syndicate- Structured group that uses violence, provides illicit services, such as street gangs or mafia.

Front 6

types of terrorism

Back 6

1.political- violent criminal behavior designed to generate fear in the community for political purposes.

2.nonpolitical terrorism- elicit fear by means of violence for private purpose.

3.quasi- similar to terrorist methods but usually in it for money.

4.limited political- acts of terrorism which are commited for political motives but are not concerned with capturing control of the state.

5.offical or state- nations whose rule is based upon fear and reach terroristic proportons.

Front 7

Hagan's typology of Spies

Back 7

1.Mercenary- trade secrets for personal monetary reward.

2.ideological- motivated by strong ideological beliefs.

3.alienated/egocentric- one who betrays for personal reasons unrelated to monetary or ideological considerations.

4.buccaneer/sport- obtains psychological fulfillment through spying.

5.professional- agents, careerists, or occupational employees of intelligence bureaucracies.

6.compromised- traitors who trade secrets either for romantic purposes or because of blackmail.

7.deceived- one who is led to believe that he or she is working for one organization when they actually work for another.

Front 8

cointelpro

Back 8

FBI's counterintelligence program to harass and disrupt legit political activity such as Martin luther king, they would employ false letters accusing people of being informants in order to foment internal warfare.

Front 9

Societal reactions to crimes by gov.

Back 9

public reactions have been mild

Front 10

societal reactions to crimes against gov

Back 10

quite strong

Front 11

characteristics of contemporary terrorism

Back 11

-more effective explosives and modern mass media.

-use of technology

-attacks influence economies

-motivated by religion, values

Front 12

U.N. typology of crime syndicates

Back 12

1. Rigid hierarchy
2. Devolved hierarchy
3. Hierarchical conglomerate
4. Core criminal group
5. Organized criminal network

Front 13

what event raised awareness of and changed Americans' perceptions of threat of terrorism?

Back 13

either oklahoma city bombing or 9/11. mostly likely 9/11

Front 14

characteristics of money laundering

Back 14

placement- collect the dirty money and move it into financial system

layering- disguise the money trail by transferring money into bank in a below radar fashion.

integration- the now clean money can but utilized for whatever

Front 15

term used in text to describe state sponsored terrorism

Back 15

war by proxy

Front 16

who is Julian Assange

Back 16

was a political whistleblower who is editor in chief of wikileaks, classified documents.

Front 17

what type of group is Hell's Angels?

Back 17

In-Group Oriented group

Front 18

Hagedorn's typology of gang members

Back 18

1.Legits- mature out of the gang

2.homeboys- adult gang memebers who alternate between legitimate jobs and drug sales

3.dope fiends- stayed in drug business in order to feed their habits.

4.new jacks- view illegal drugs sales as their career.

Front 19

in drug terminology, name for northern border of Thailand, Burma?

Back 19

Golden Triangle

Front 20

loan sharking

Back 20

lending money at impossible interest rate, demanding property when borrower can’t repay

Front 21

numbers game

Back 21

like lottery but not random or fair

Front 22

Cosa Nostra vs. Patron theories

Back 22

Nostra- everybody has a set positions and the power is somewhat distributed.Nationwide alliance of tightly knit families. Membership of Sicilian and Italian Descendents


parton- there positions are not as important, those with the most power are in control.Consists of a series of patron-client relationships.Resembles feudal system or medieval warlords

Front 23

main purpose for smuggling illegal aliens into U.S.

Back 23

to sell counterfeit software and to make profit.

Front 24

characteristics of organized criminals

Back 24

-identify with crime and criminal activity

-possess strong organizational identity

-tend to belong to structured groups that maintain criminal activity.

Front 25

name of act prohibiting use of racketeering profits in legal business

Back 25

Hobbs Act

Front 26

type of country most conducive to organized crime

Back 26

liberal democracies and corrupt dictatorships.

Front 27

characteristic of Russian Mafiya

Back 27

black marketeer, gangster, drug trafficker, courrupter, rose out of social, economic, and historical forces in russa.

Front 28

why Sicilian Mafia is losing power in U.S.

Back 28

because certain minorities follow th ethnic succession theory, in which a group only holds power for a short amount of time till another takes over. and most sicilian members were convicted of crimes

Front 29

mafia myth

Back 29

it actually refers to a method- syndicate-type organized crime.

Front 30

typical reaction to public order crimes

Back 30

to make a law or act to prevent it

Front 31

why public order crimes are illegal

Back 31

Bad because it is prohibited by law, mala prohibita

Front 32

broken window theory

Back 32

Signs of disorder can contribute to more serious crimes.

Front 33

historical trends in prostitution

Back 33

Has been prevalent throughout history.
Was outlawed due to Protestant Reformation and public health concerns.
Appears to have declined since WWII.

Front 34

where did name "red light district" come from?

Back 34

when railroad construction workers in the west hung their red lanterns outside whorehouses they were frequenting in order to keep in contact with their dispatchers

Front 35

types of prostitutes

Back 35

brothel prostitutes
bar girls
streetwalkers
massage parlor
call girls
madams-pimp

Front 36

Harrison Act

Back 36

regulated sale of opiates.

Front 37

Volstead Act

Back 37

prohibited sale of alcohol

Front 38

decriminalization

Back 38

the lessening of penalties attached to a certain behavior

Front 39

overcriminalization

Back 39

the overuse of the criminal law in attempt to control deviant activity

Front 40

common setting for prostitution in 1970's and on

Back 40

younger prostitutes

Front 41

characteristics of child molesters

Back 41

-Tend to know their victims

Front 42

Noble experiment and great illusion refer to what?

Back 42

Noble Experiment and Great Illusion refers to the prohibition of alcohol.

Front 43

connection between drugs and crime

Back 43

not a necessary one as most addicts were criminals before the drug use.

Front 44

theory suggested by text as most appropriate for public order crime

Back 44

labeling or societal reaction theory.

Front 45

countries connected with Cosa Nostra, Triad, Mafiya, Yakuza

Back 45

Cosa nostra-US

Triad-CHINA

Mafiya- RUSSIA

Yakuza-JAPAN

Front 46

why U.S. supported atrocities in Guatemala

Back 46

cold war, fear of communism