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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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decontamination |
- removal of micoorganisms and unwanted matter from contaminated materials or living tissue
- required in order for object to be disinfected or sterilised |
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disinfection
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-inactivation of non-sporing micro-organisms through thermal or chemical means
- reduces numbers of micro-organisms to a level that is not harmful but may not necessarily kill all |
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sterilisation
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-complete destruction of all micro-organisms including spores eg autoclave
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power supply
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- white powerpoints are mains power
- red powerpoints are essential power, backed up by hospital generators. If mains power fails detected by sensor which will trigger a transfer switch and activate the internal emergency generator - blue powerpoints are uninteruptable power supply - incoming mains converted to DC power which powers 12V battery, output from battery is then converted back to AC power. Provides finite power source. Keep all mission critical equipment attached to this eg anaesthetic machine, CPB |
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power failure protocol
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OR complex:
- warden with 2 way radios - published emergency procedures manual with protocol available anaesthetic - call for help - dont start elective surgery - finish current surgery ASAP - assess ABCDE, ensure still ventilated by machine - aim to convert to SV GA, possibly need to change to TIVA - determine battery life of anaesthetic machine - back up drugs if pixus machine - rationalise equipment attached to UPS power supply |
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universal precautions
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- infection control techniques to decrease transmission of pathogens via blood and other bodily fluids.
- applied to every patient - aim is to protect patient and staff - standard precautions includes universal precautions but also protects against droplet, airborne and contact - additional precautions if TB, prion disease |
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gas safety
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- level 1 check by bioengineers to ensure adequate supply pressures, gases not crosses, isolation valve, correct composition and check of oxygen failure alarms
- sleeve index system from wall with colour coded hoses eg white O2 - cylinder O2 supply with pin index system - level 2 check at start of each list to ensure that O2 cylinder available and full, piped gas at appropriate pressure, multi gas analyser - gas supply pressures on front of machine - oxygen supply failure alarm with audible signal once O2 driving pressure falls below certain level - emergency O2 flush -mechanical O2 know must be fluted and larger than others for tactile identification - O2 must be last gas added to common gas manifold - if can also deliver N2O must have interlock to ensure dont deliver hypoxic mixture - fresh gas outlet must have 22/15mm connector - vapouriser interlock so only one can be on at a time - scavenging system - alarm for high and low pressures and disconnect - check for circuit leaks and presence of one-way valves - must be 2 facility to deliver O2 and ventilation should primary source fail - monitoring of O2, CO2, volatile, disconnection alarm, pulse oximetry - back up battery of 30mins duration - mains failure alarm |
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plenum vaporiser
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- vapouriser is device that delivers clinically useful concentrations of volatile anaesthetic agent
- FGF enters vapouriser inlet, split into bypass and carrier gas. Carrier gas is diverted into chamber with volatile - amount of gas diverted depends on desired concentration of volatile and |
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safety features of plenum vaporiser
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1/ temperature compensation eg bimetallic strip adjusts for cooling that occurs due to latent heat of vaporisation
2/ temperature stabilisation eg copper has high specific heat capacity that is able to absorb heat loss that occurs with vaporisation 3/ flow compensation via use of wicks to maximise surface area to ensure bypass gas is fully saturated when leaves volatile chamber even at high flows 4/ agent specific interlock to prevent inadvertent incorrect filling 5/ vaporiser interlock which allows only one vaporiser to be on at once 6/ filling point location located to minimise risk of overfilling 7/ anti-tilt mechanism by locking vaporiser onto back bar 8/ ET agent monitoring 9/ anti-pumping effect avoided through use of 1way valves and long and convoluted input tubing. Prevents backflow of volatile into bypass stream 10/ anti-pressure effect to avoid pressure changes occuring in vaporiser affecting the SVP. Occurs via 1-way valves 11/ locking spindle with o rings and pressure sensors to detect leak from back bar |
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O2 storage
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-mainly stored via VIE (vacuum insulated evaporator)
- stored in liquid form below critical temp of -118 at 1000kPa - insulated to prevent inadvertent heating (could lead to explosion) or heat loss from latent heat of vaporisation - sits on scale to indicate when needs refilling based on weight |
