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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what does political power mean?
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power heldby those with the backing of the law
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what does personal power mean?
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power held by individuals as a result of their roles in organisations
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what does social group power mean?
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power held as a result of being a member of a dominant social group
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what does instrumental power mean?
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power used to maintain and enforce authority
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what does inflential power mean?
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power used to influence or persuade others
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what does power in discourse mean?
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they ways in which power is manifested in situations through language
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what does power behind discourse mean?
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the focus on the social and ideological reasons behind the enactment of power
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what does ideology mean?
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a set of beliefs systems attitudes or a world view held by an individual or groups.
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what does epistemic modality mean?
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constructions that express degrees of possibility,probality and obligation
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what does deontic modality mean?
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constructions that express degrees of necessity and obligation
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what does synthetic personalisation mean?
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they way in which advertising and other forms of communication used personalised language such as the second person pronoun "you" to construct a relationship between the text producer and the reader.
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what does members resources mean?
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the vast amount of background knowledge and information that readers use in order to intepret text.
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what does power asymmetry mean?
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a marked differencein the power status of individuals involved in discourse
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what does unequal encounter mean?
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highligting the power on speaker has over another.
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what does powerful participant mean?
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a speaker with a higher status ina given context.
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what does less powerful participant mean?
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those with less status in a given context
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what does constraints mean?
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ways in which powerful participants may block or control the contributions of less powerful participants. e.g interrupting.
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what does formulation mean?
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the rewording of anothers contribution by a powerful participant to impose a certain meaning or understanding
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what does face mean?
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a persona self esteem or emotional needs.
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what does positive face mean?
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the need to feel wanted,liked and appreciated.
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what does negative face mean?
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the need to have freedom of thought and actiona nd not feel imposed on.
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what does face threatening act mean?
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a communicative act that thretens soemones positive or negative face.
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what does positve and negative politeness stratgies mean?
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stratgies that a speaker might use to make sure or avoide fac threatening acts.
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what does small talk mean?
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talk that is primarily interactional in orinetation and is geared towards establishing relationships
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what does repressive discourse strategy mean?
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a more indirect way of exercising power and control through conversational constraints
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what does opressive discourse strategy mean?
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linguistic behaviour that is open in its exercising of power and control
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