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238 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is ORM? |
Operational Risk Management - Used as a tool for making smart decisions regarding anticiapated hazards
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What are the 5 steps in the ORM Process?
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- Identify Hazards |
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What is the Safety and Mishap reporting instruction?
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OPNAVINST 5102.1D
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What are the Mishap classifications and the associated Mishap Cost?
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Class A: $1 Million or More
Class B: $200,000 - $1 Million Class C: $20,000 - $200,000 |
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What is a RAC and what are the 5 basic RACs?
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Expression of the risk associated with a hazard that combines severity and probability.
1 - Critical 2 - Serious 3 - Moderate 4 - Minor 5 - Negligable |
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What is a HAZREP? |
A report on significant hazardous conditions or near-mishaps that have the potential to affect other commands. |
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What is HERO?
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Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordanance (HERO) is the program concerned with prevention of accidental ignition of electrically initiated devices in ordanance due to RF electromagnetic fields. |
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What is HERP?
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Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel (HERP) is the danger of producing harmful biological effects in humans by exposure to radiation frequency in electromagnetic fields. |
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What is HERF?
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Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuels (HERF) is the danger igniting volatile combustibles by spark ignition due to radio frequency electromagnetic fields of sufficient intensity.
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What is HAZMAT?
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Hazardous material that is usually flmmable or poisonous that would be a danger to life or enviornment if released without precautions. |
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Explain HAZMAT Storage?
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Hazardous materials are stored in a storeroom or in lockers designated flammable or hazardous materials. |
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What is MSDS? |
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) contain information about hazardous material. |
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What are three objectives to first aid?
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- Maintain Breathing |
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What are three methods to control bleeding?
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- Direct pressure |
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The three heat related injurys?
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Heat Stress |
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What are the six areas which comprise Naval Doctrine? |
COWLIP: |
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What is the first ship named after an enlisted man? Who was he?
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-USS OSMOND INGRAM (DD 255). Launched 28 FEB 1919 |
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When is the Navy's birthday? How many vessels did we have when we were created? |
-13 October 1775 -Two vessels |
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What are the three classes of naval vessels at USN's inception?
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- Ships-of-the-line |
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Describe the process of saluting the Ensign on a ship.
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All hands, upon coming on board, salute ensign followed by the OOD. When leaving, render the salutes in inverse order. |
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Dipping the Ensign.
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Merchant ships "salute" USN ships by lowering national colors to half-mast; USN ship |
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Describe the importance of the Battle of Coral Sea:
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May 1942 - First-ever sea battle where the opposing carriers never saw each other. |
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Describe the importance of the Voyage of the Great White Fleet.
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Ordered by Theodore Roosevelt, 16 Battleships circumnavigated the globe to "show the flag" and showcase the blue-water capability.
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Describe the importance of the Battle of Normandy.
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6 June 1944 - It was the largest amphibious operation in history. |
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Describe the importance of the Battle of Midway: |
June 1942 - Battle of Midway was the turning point of the Pacific War. Admiral Nimitz positioned three carriers beyond Japanese recon range. We sunk 4 Japanese carriers while losing only one (USS YORKTOWN). |
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Discuss the importance of Guadalcanal.
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US Marines were to secure the island. We sank ships but lost the USS JUNEAU which was the same ship the FIVE SULLIVAN BROTHERS were on. |
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Discuss the importance of the Battle of Leyte Gulf |
It was the largest naval battle in history. |
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Describe importance of Mercury 3 and who was involved. |
- Alan Shepard completes first US manned spaceflight |
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Describe the importance of Apollo 11
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- JUL 1969 - First moon landing. |
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What was the On-The-Roof-Gang?
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Classes training naval cryptographers. The classes took place on top of the school house roof and the students weren't allowed to discuss what they were doing - thus "On-The-Roof-Gang" |
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What is PURPLE?
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PURPLE was the second of two Japanese diplomatic cipher systems. PURPLE messages never revealed Japanese intentions to attack Pearl Harbor. |
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Describe the historical significance of the Battle of Midway as it relates to Information Dominance. |
Admiral Nimitz sent a message citing there was a water shortage which Japan intercepted; There was no water shortage and Nimitz prepared to ambush Japan. |
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Describe the historical significance of the USS LIBERTY as it relates to Information Dominance
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- It was tasked to collect SIGINT in the Eastern Med during Israel's Six-Day War |
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Describe the historical significance of the USS PUEBLO as it relates to Information Dominance. |
- USS PUEBLO was captured by North Korea while on a mission similar to LIBERTY's while collecting off of North Korea.
- The crew managed to destroy less than 10 percent of classified material; the North Koreans transferred sensitive cryptographic technology to the Russians. - One sailor KIA; the remaining 82 crew members held in captivity for 11 months. |
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Describe the historical significance of the Hainan Island landing as it relates to Information Dominance
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- EP-3 was collecting off of China.
- F-8 FINBACK was sent up, and sucked into the EP-3's turbulance. - After 11 days of highly publicized captivity, questioning, and an American apology, the 24 member crew was permitted to return home |
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Describe the historical significance of the USS STARK as it relates to Information Dominance
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- 17 MAY 87 |
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State and define the three levels of war.
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- Strategic: Support of national goals
- Operational: Forces collectively in theater - Tactical: Details of individual engagements |
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What did the National Security Act of 1947 accomplish?
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Established the CIA, Established the National Security Council, Merged the War and Navy Departments into the DoD
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State when and why the Core Values were developed.
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- Core Values were born with the birth of the Navy in 1775
- 1992 CNO ADM Kelso officially set forth three core values to build and direct the character development of Naval personnel |
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Discuss when the Sailors Creed was developed.
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- Written in 1993 at direction of ADM Kelso
- In 1994, CNO Jeremy Boorda made the creed all-hands |
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State RADM Grace Hoppers contributions to the USN
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- Known as First Lady of Software
- Hoppers work foreshadowed enormous numbers of developments that are still the very bones of digital computing. |
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Explain the impact of the John Walker espionage case
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John Walker was a retired USN CWO, who was convicted of spying and leading a spy group spying for the USSR from 1968-`985.
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State the oldest intelligence organization in the USN
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Office of Naval Intelligence
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Explain when ONI was established and by whom
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- March 1882, by Secretary of the Navy William Hunt
- Established to "seek out and report" on the advancements in other nations' navies |
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State the mission of the US NAVY
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To maintain, train and equip combat-ready Naval forces capable of winning wars, deterring aggression, and maintaining freedom of the seas.
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Discuss the NCA, its members, and functions.
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- National Command Authroity
- Consists of President and SECDEF - Ultimate source of military orders - Only the NCA can order the use of nuclear weapons |
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Discuss the difference between OPCON and ADCON
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- Operational control will transfer as a ship chops into the waters of the different fleets.
- Administrative control lies with the ship's home command / CNO |
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State 5 different COCOMs and their location.
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- PACOM: Pearl Harbor, HI
- EUCOM: Stuttgart, Germany - JFCOM: Norfolk, VA - SOUTHCOM: Miami, FL - CENTCOM: MacDill AFB, FL - NORTHCOM: Peterson AFB, CO - AFRICOM: Stuttgart, Germany |
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IDW Commands
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- USCYBERCOM - Ft. Meade, MD
- CNO N2/N6 - Pentagon - ONI - Suitland Maryland |
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2nd Fleet
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HQ: Norfolk, VA
AOR: North Atlantic Ocean |
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3rd Fleet
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HQ: San Diego, CA
AOR: Western Pacific |
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4th Fleet
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HQ: Mayport, FL
AOR: South Atlantic |
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5th Fleet
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HQ: Manama, Bahrain
AOR: Suez Canal to India Ocean |
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6th Fleet
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HQ: Naples, Italy
AOR: Black and Mediterranean Seas,Parts of the middle east to the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa |
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7th Fleet
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HQ: Yokosuka, Japan
AOR: Eastern Pacific |
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10th Fleet
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HQ: Fort Meade, MD
AOR: Worldwide |
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Define a TF
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A Task Force is a formation established to work on a single defined task or activity
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Define a TG
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A task group is assigned to a task force. For example, a CSG or an ESG may be a major component of a Task Force
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Define a TU
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A Task Unit is within a TG. For example, a MEU may be embarked on an assault ship as part of a TF
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TE
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A Task Element is an individual component of a TF - such as a ship
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Define the IDC Ratings:
- AG - CTI - CTM - CTN - CTR - CTT - IS - IT |
AG - Aerographers Mate - Metorological and oceanographic experts
- CTI - Cryptologic Technician Interpretive - Linguists - CTM - Cryptologic Technician Maintenance - Installation, configuration, diagnosis, and repair of computer networks - CTN - Cryptologic Technician Networks - Computer networks and threats against networks - CTR - Crypto Technician Collection - Analyze digital communication signals - CTT - Technical - Analyze radar signals |
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Define C4ISR
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Command Control Computer Communications and ISR
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Define NASIC
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The National Air and Space Intelligence Center is the US military's primary producer of aerospace intelligence
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State the mission of the NCDOC
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Navy Cyber Defense Operations Command - In charge of Naval network defense
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Commander In Chief
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President Obama
Responsible for initiating military in support of our national interests |
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SECDEF
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Leon Panetta
- Responsible for formulation of defnese policy and policy related to the DoD |
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SECNAV
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Mr. Ray Maybus
- Civilian in charge of the Department of the Navy is responsible for policies and control of DoN organization, admin, ops, and efficiency |
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CNO
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Adm. Gary Roughead
- Chief of Naval Operations is principal advisor to the SECNAV and the President on the conduct of war |
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Fleet Commander in Charge
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Responsible for the operating forces within their fleet.
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Type Commander (TYCOM)
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Responsible for OPERATIONAL READINESS of the force group within their command
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MCPON
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MCPON Rick West
- Senior enlisted representative of the Navy |
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Fleet Master Chief
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Virtually same responsibility as CMC but responsible for larger fleet commands
- THERE ARE CURRENTLY 6 OF THEM |
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Force Master Chief
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Same as Fleet MC but responsible for larger force commands.
- THERE ARE CURRENTLY 22 FORCM |
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CMC
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Senior enlisted person at a command
- Liaison between the CO and enlisted ranks |
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Define CCRI
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Command Cyber Readiness Inspection - Serves as a "quick look" for conducting compliance validations for the COCOMS
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Define EDVR
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Enlisted Distribution and Verification Report - Monthly statement of personnel, present/future manning, historical record
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List 3 sections in the EDVR
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Section 5: Personnel Status Summary
Section 7: NEC Billet and Personnel Inventory Section 8: list of individuals who are qualified in NECs |
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Define ODCR
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Officer Distibution Control Report
- same thing as an EDVR except for officers |
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Define AMD
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Activity Manpower Document
- Provides the quantitative and qualitative manpower requirments and manpower authorizations allocated to a command |
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State the Purpose of an EVAL
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Provide a realistic and accurate reflection of enlisted personnel fitness for the service and performance
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State the purprose of a FITREP
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Similar to an EVAL except for Officers
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What is on a Page 2?
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Emergency Data
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What is on a page 4?
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Chronological history of service members training, quals, and awards
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What is SGLI
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Service memebers Group Life Insurance - Who gets your money if you die
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What is on a page 13?
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Miscellaneous entries such as administrative remarks, counslings etc.
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Describe the purpose and categories of a SITREP
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Official reports on a situation whether, dire or otherwise.
OPREP 3 Navy Unit SITREP - is a report mainly used for describing events that are significant but are not of high interest to the navy or national level OPREP 3 Pinnacle: Is a report where a situation of a national level has been determined, |
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Discuss the importance of the IG
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Inspector General: Support the Navy in maintaining the highest level of integrity and public confidence. Inspect investigate or inquire into claims of fraud, sexual harassment, racism, etc.
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State the purpose of the Navy Correspondence Manual
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End all - be all of correspondence and how things should be formatted
- SECNAVINST 5216.5D |
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Explain the PTS Program
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Acts as a force shaping tool by leveling rating manning from overmanned to undermanned.
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List a couple of officer accession programs that are available to enlisted personnel
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- Naval Academy
- STA-21 - Naval Officer Candidate school - CWO - LDO |
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Explain what the DLPT is
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- Defense Language Proficiency Test - Foreign language tests intended to assess the general language proficency of native English speakers in a specific foreign language
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Describe the 6 prgorams of Brilliant on the Basicas
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- Sponsorship / first 72 hours
- Indoctination - Career Development Board - Ombudsman Program - Mentorship - Recognition Programs |
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Explain the purpose of the PAO
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- Public Affairs Office: distribute information to the public, handle media relations, and community outreach while being responsible for Freedom of Information Act requests
- Public Affairs Officer: Handles visual, audio, and written communications for internal and public audiences, chooses the best media to deliver information |
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Discuss the purpose of 3-M
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Maintenance and Material Management: The nucleus for managing afloat and applicable shore station equipment; provides maintenance and material managers throughout the Navy with a process for planning, acquiring, organizing, directing, controlling, and evaluating the manpower and material resources used to support maintenance.
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Discuss the purpose of PMS
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Preventive Maintenance System: A standardized method for planning, scheduling and accomplishing preventative maintenance by ship's force - procedures are minimum requirement to maintain equipment in fully operable condition
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Explain the DPAS
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Defense Property Accountability System - An asset management system used to support DoD property accountability. Everything about all property.
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Discuss the purpose of the MOV program
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Material Obligation Validation - is a back-order. Unfilled quantity of requisition not available immediately to you.
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Discuss the DLRs program
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Depot Level Repairables: Stuff that can be fixed
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Explain the procedures for NRFI DLRs in the following situation:
Turn-in: Remain in Place: |
Turn in: You're turning in the part for an even exchange
Remain in Place: Wait for the new part before turning in the carcass |
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Define the purpose of a MAM
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Maintenance Assistance Modules: Items that have been designated to be in close proximity to the equipment they support, speeding up maintenance and reducing down time of critical equipment
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Define the purpose of a Bulkhead mounted spare:
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Spare parts mounted on the bulkhead alongside the service equipment for immediate use and readily accessible
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Define a CASREP and the types and categories
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Casualty Report: Occurs when equipment can't be repaired within 48 hours.
CASREP report types: - Initial - Update - Cancel - Correction -- C-4: Loss of at least one primary mission -- C-2: Minor degradation of primary mission |
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NSN
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National Stock Number: Official label applied to an item of supply that is repeatedly produced/stocked throughout the federal supply system
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SF 44
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Pocket-size form designated for on-the-spot, over the counter purchases of supplies
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Discuss CHRIMP
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Consolidated Hazardous Material Reutilization and Inventory Management Program
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Explain OPTAR and its components:
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Operating Target: An estimate of the amount of money required by an operating ship, staff or unit to perform tasks and functions
Components: - S&E: Supplies and equipage go to all ships - Repair of Other Vessels: Tender/repair ships |
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State the difference between Normal Power, Emergency Power, Uninterrupted power
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Normal Power - Commercially available power
Emergency Power - Requirment for emergency power backup on essential systems Uninterrupted Power - Critical equipment and systems that cannot risk loss of data or performance should be placed on uninterrupitable power supply |
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EO 12968
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Access to classified Information
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Access to Classified information
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EO 12968
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Define the classification categories
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- Top Secret (Yellow) - Exceptionally Grave Damage
- Secret (Red) - Serious Damage - Confidential (Blue) - Damage - UNCLAS (Green) |
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Explain what is meant by "need to know"
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Need of information to complete duties and functions
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Type of investigation for TS Clearance
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Single Scope Background Investigation is the EO 12968 - updated every five years
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Type of investigation for S clearance
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National Agency Check with Local Agency and Credit checks is the EO 12968
10 and 15 year intervals |
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Identify what a SAER is and its purpose
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Security Access Eligibility Report - Identifies personnel acces dispositions from Command Security Managers based upon Need to know and Security Access Level
- Can be used to: Upgrade security clearance due to position change |
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Identify events that should be reported to SSO
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- Information Spillage
- Security Violations - Unauthorized space access |
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Who has overall authority of, and controls access to a SCIF
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SSO
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Identify the use of the following forms
SF703, SF702, SF701, SF312 |
SF312 - Classified information nondisclosure agreement
SF 702 - Security container check sheet SF701 - Activity security checklist SF 703 - Top Secret Cover Sheet |
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State when safe combos should be changed
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When the lock is initially placed
Person with knowledge of combo no longer requires access Compromise of combonation |
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Who is the FDO and what are their responsibilities
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Foreign Disclosure Officer approves disclosure of classified and controlled unclas information to foreign representatives
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Explain the purpose of the DCS
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Defense Courier Service - Secure transmission of qualified classified documents and material
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Describe the procedures for preparing hard copy classified material for transportation via Hand carry
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Use a classified material cover sheet, file folder, or other covering to prevent inadvertent disclosure when handcarrying classified information within the command - Double-wrap the classified info when carrying outside the command
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Discuss an EAP / EDP
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Emergency Action Plan - Written for safeguarding COMSEC material in the event of an emergency
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State who can give the order to initiate Emergency Destruction
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CO initiates it
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Define SCI
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Sensitive Compartmented Information: Classified information to be handled within formal access control systems
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Explain JPAS
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Joint Personnel Adjudication System - A DoD system storying clearances
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Explain why the navy only uses .mil addresses on government systems
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DoD has exclusive use of the.mil domain
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Define Information Assurance
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Information Operations that protect and defend data and IS by ensuring their availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and non-repudiation.
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What are the five attributes of Information assurance
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- Confidentiality
- Integrity - Availability - Non-repudiation - Authentication |
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What are 3 catagories of Computer incidents?
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- Root level intusion
- User Leven Intrusion - Denial Of Service |
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Define vulnerability Assessment
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Process of identifying quantifying and prioritizing the vulnerabilities of a system
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Define Vulnerability Vs Threat
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Vulnerability - Weakness in an information system
Threat - Any circumstance or event with the potential to adversly impact organization ops through an information system |
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State the duties and responsibilities of the IAM
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Makes sure there is IA compliance
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Explain the folowing Network Terminology:
Bus Topology |
network architecture in which a set of clients are connected via a shared communications line
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Explain the folowing Network Terminology:
Star Topology |
Is one of the most common computer network topologies. A star network consists of one central switch which acts as a conduit to transmit messages.
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Explain the folowing Network Terminology:
Mesh topology |
Combination of different topologies like Ring, Star, Bus
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IPv4
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Internet Protocol Version 4 is 32 bits IP addresses that we can use commonly
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IPv6
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Internet Protocol Version 6 is 128 bits of information
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What does JWICS stand for
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Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System
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DISN
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Defense Information Systems Network
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ONENET
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OCONUS Navy Enterprise Network
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Virus
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is a computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer.
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Worm
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Self replicating malware
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Define a PKI
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PKI is an arrangement that binds public keys with respective user identities by means of a certificate authority
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Define the purpose of a Red Cross message
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Red Cross message is a means of notifying a service member of a death, injury or illness of an immediate family member
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Discuss GINGERBREAD and explain the procedures involved
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GINGERBREAD is a code word used to indicate that an unauthroized person is on a communication circuit. The procedure, if heard, is to state "Roger, Out" and cease communication on that circuit.
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Discuss types of disclosures afforded protection by the EEFI list
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Designed to protect: Position, capabilities, operations, electronic warfare, personnel, comsec information etc.
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Discuss BEADWINDOWN and explain the procedures involved.
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BEADWINDOW is a code word used to notify a transmitting station that they have disclosed an EEFI.
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Define RIVER CITY and state when it is utilized
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RIVER CITY provides procedures to control outgoing paths from ship and shore systems for purpose of OPSEC and force protection.
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PLA
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Plain Language Address is a common used name to represent a command address in place of a routing indicator.
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UTC
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Coordinated Universal time aka Zulu Time, aka GMT
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Routine message
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R
The handling time is not exceed 24 hours |
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Priority Message
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P
The handling time is not to exceed 3 hours |
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Immediate
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O
In-station handling time is not to exceed 30 minutes |
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Flash
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Z
Not to exceed 10 minutes |
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Critic
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W
Reserved for messages used to relay critical information to national agencies. The message should be to the relaying station within 3 minutes of critical event and NSA in 10 Minutes |
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State the purpose of OTAT/OTAR
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Over the Air Transfer/ Over the air rekey is used to transfer comsec over an encrypted radio circuit
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Describe TEMPEST
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TEMPEST is the code name given to the investigation, study, and control of compromising emanations from telecommunications and automated information processing systems
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State the purpose of EMCON
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Emissions Control is used to limit/alter the emissions in order to change the electromagnetic profile of the ship/station.
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State three of the warfare missions.
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–(ASW) Anti Submarine Warfare: Operations conducted with the intention of denying the enemy effective use of submarines
–(SUW) Surface Warfare: Operations conducted to destroy or neutralize enemy naval surface forces and merchant vessels –(IW) Information Warfare: Operations conducted to decrease the adversaries information and information systems capabilities –(AW) Air Warfare: Operations conducted to deny the enemy use of air and ground assets –(STW) Strike Warfare: Naval operations to destroy or neutralize enemy targets ashore, including facilities and operating bases which the enemy is capable of conducting or supporting air, surface, or subsurface operations –(NSW) Naval Special Warfare: Operations conducted by small, highly trained units (SEAL, SWCC, EOD) in maritime environmen |
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Explain how the reserve component integrates with the Active component
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Be prepared to conduct prompt and sustained combat ops at sea in support of US national interests
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Explain the purpose of a mobile detachment
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Units with specific skills that can be deployed on a moments notice to fulfill a requirement by a commander (example: ONI)
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Discuss the 5 IO Core capabilities
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- Operational Security
- MISO - Military Deception - Electronic Warfare - CNO |
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MISO
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Convey selected truth
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Define the roles of the US Navy Blue and Red Teams
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Blue Team: A group who identifies the security threats and risks in the operating enviornment to aid in security readiness and posture
Red Team: A group of people authorized to emulate an attack on enterprises security posture. |
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Who controls ROE.
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The JAG.
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Define CRITIC
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Critical information concerning possible threats to US national security that needs immediate attention of the POTUS and the NSC
- Examples: Major natural disaster, use of weapons of mass destruction, assassination of a world leader, etc. - Needs to be on presidents desk in 10 minutes, written and sent out in three minutes |
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CCOP
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Cryptologic Carry-on Program provides SSES capabilities where one does not exist.
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MDA
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Maritime Domain Awareness: The collection, fusion, and dissemination of intelligence for the protection of oceans, rivers and waterways from piracy, terrorism, drug smuggling and any other outside threats.
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Define OPSEC
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OPSEC is used for protection of Sensitive but Unclassified information
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What is the 5 step process of OPSEC?
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- Identify Critical information/Critical information list
- Analysis of threats - Analyze vulnerabilities - Assessments of risks - Assessments of counter measures |
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OPSEC officer
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-Advises the CO on all OPSEC matters
- Provides OPSEC training |
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Why should the PAO coordinate with the OPSEC Officer?
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Assess the realisability of information
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State one of the purposes of Naval Intelligence
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Support the commander - Allows the commander to fight smarter by supporting his selection of the best courses of action
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Define the 6 steps of the intelligence cycle
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- Planning and Direction
- Collection - Processing and Exploitation - Analysis and Production - Dissemination and Integration - Evaluation and Feedback |
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Describe the three catagories of intelligence
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Strategic
Operational Tactical |
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Define National, Theater, and Fleet level intelligence organization
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National - ONI
Theater: PACOM JIOC Tactical - NAVCENT |
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PIR
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Priority Intelligence requirement - Formalized intelligence requirements; critical pieces of intelligence the commander must know by a particular time to plan and execute a successful mission
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CCIR
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Commanders Critical Information Requirements (CCIRs) - A comprehensive list of information requirements identified by the commander as being critical in facilitating timely information management and the decision making process that affect successful mission accomplishment
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IO - Intelligence Oversight
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Intelligence Oversight - Will not collect against US citizens EO 12333
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Define the difference between US citizen and US person
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A citizen is someone born in the US
A person is a citizen within the US - an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence |
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Define IPB
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Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace - Systematic and continuous analysis of the adversary, terrain, and weather in the assigned battlespace. Knowing all you can about the threat and putting the pieces together
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Three types of intelligence briefs
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Formal
Informal Impomptu |
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Why are radio waves important?
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They are the basic format of all electronics.
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EHF
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30GHZ-300GHZ
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SHF
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3GHZ-30GHZ
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UHF
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300MHZ-3GHZ
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VHF
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30Mhz-300Mhz
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HF
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3MHZ-30MHZ
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MF
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300KHZ-3MHZ
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LF
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30KHZ-300KHZ
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ELF
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Up to 3KHZ. . Very slow 1 one
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The higher the frequency
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The more information that can be transmitted
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Frequency
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Number of vibrations of a wave. Measured from peak to peak.
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Wavelength
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Distance is pace occupied by one cycle of a radio wave
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Ducting
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Temperature inversion or moisture lapse can cause a large change in the refraction index. Cold & Hot air - can ricochet off
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Refraction
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Bending of electromagnetic waves caused by a change in the density of the medium through which waves are passing
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Multiplexing
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Method for simultaneous transmission of two or more signals over a common carrier wave to transmit a lot of intelligence on one signal
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Modulation
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Impressing intelligence upon signal
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Demodulation
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removal of intelligence from signal
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Bandwidth
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Difference between the highest useable frequency of a device and the lowest usable frequency of the device
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Troposphere
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Troposphere: Virtually all weather takes place in the troposphere. Variations in temperature have a great affect on radio waves
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Ionosphere
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No influence on comms. Most important region for long distance, point to point communications.
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Stratosphere
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Little effect on radio waves.
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Radio Waves
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Energy waves generated by transmitter
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Reflection
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Radio waves may be reflected from various substances or objects they meet during travel between two sites
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Refraction
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Waves passing through the atmosphere are affected by certain factors, such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and density causing the radio waves to be refracted back to earth
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Diffraction
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The bending of radio waves around an obstacle resulting in a change of direction
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What does RADAR stand for and what can it do?
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Radio Detection and Ranging -
- Target range - Target size - Target speed |
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Define Pulse repetition interval
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Interval between the start of one pulse and the start of the next pulse; determines the power of radar (amplification)
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Define a Fire Control Radar
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Also known as tracking radar, provides continuous positional data on a target
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Explain the differences between OPELINT and TECHELINT
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Operational ELINT: Concerned with operationally relevent information such as the location, movement, employment, tactics, and activity of foreign noncommunications emitters and their associated weapon systems
- Technical ELINT : Concerned with the technical aspects of foreign noncommunications emitters such as signal charactersitics, modes, functions, associations, capabilities, limitations, vulnerabilities |
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What is the mission of METOC relating to Information dominance?
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Develop and deliver dominant meterological and oceanographic information capabilities in support of US Navy, Join, and national warfighting requirements.
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Discuss types of METOC products available through the Navy oceanography Portal
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Products related to time, Astronomy, Earth Orientation, Oceanography
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What is the JTWC
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Joint Typhoon Warning Center - Located in Hawaii - Responsiblefor issuing tropical cyclone warnings.
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What is GEOS?
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Geostationary Operational Enviornmental Satellite - Weather forecasting satellite.
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What is the DMSP?
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Defense Meterological Satellite Program - What ships use to get their METOC information
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Heat Index
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Measure of how hot the air feels based on temperature and humidity
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Precipitation
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Condensation of atmospheric water vapor that is pulled down by gravity
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What has the biggest effect on the space enviornment?
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The Sun
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What are the two by-products from the sun that impact space systems?
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Electomagnetic radiation: Substatial amounts have the potential to adversly impact radar, comms, and space systems.
Electrically Charged Particles: Direct physical damage and or electrical upsets. |
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Define the affect Solar wind has on comms.
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When solar wind reaches earh it interacts with its magnetic field. This excited state of atmospheric molecules degrades radar performance in the auroral zone, including ballistic missile warning radar.
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What is the Solar Cycle? |
An 11 Year cycle. 4 Year rise to solar maximum followed by a 7 year decline.
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What is a Single Event Upset?
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Can occur at any time during 11-year cycle. Interplanetary magnetic field is weak - SEUs can penetrate completely through a satellite and ionize material deep inside causing electical uspet or physical damage |
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LEO |
Low earth orbit
150-800 miles above earths surface |
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MEO
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Asatellite which orbits the earth at an altitude below 22,300 miles and above 800 miles
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Highly Elliptical Orbit
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Has an apogee nearly equivalent to geosynchronous altitude. A satellite in this type of orbit slows down at apogee in northern hemisphere and whips through perigee in the southern hemisphere
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Geosynchronous Orbit |
Average altitude of approx. 19,300nm will have average angular velocity exactly equal to that of the earth
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Apogee
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A point on the orbit furthest from the center of the earth
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Perigee
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The point closest to the center of the Earth, will be halfway around the orbit
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What are the 2 Space launch facilities?
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- NASA's Kennedy Space Center (Merritt Island, Florida)
- Johnson Space Center (Houston, Texas) |
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Define Navy UHF Follow on? How many are operational? |
UFO features high power transmitters designed to improve comms. 9 are operational.
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DSCS? |
Defnese Satellite Communication system - Provides worldwide, jam-resistant, secure voice and high data rate comms for C2, crisis management, and intelligence data transfer
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Define GBS?
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Global Brodcast Service - is derived from commercial direct broadcast ttechnology and uses high-powered transponders to provide broadcast signals into 1 meter or smaller antennas and sophisticated receiver suites |
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What is WGS?
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Wideband Global System - The first in a series of six new generation comms satellites. Improve comms for the fleet.
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What is GPS?
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Global Positioning system. US space-based global navagation satellite system.
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Space based ISR advantages/disadvantages
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- Prime advantage is potential to provide systematic and focused coverage of AOI's
- Prime disadvantage is its predictable |
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Astrometry
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Branch of astronomy that deals with measurements of celestial bodies
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Where is the Master Clock located?
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USNO
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