Dental Hygiene Iii: The Patient With Orthodontic Appliances

Front 1

An ___________ preventive program that includes a specific plan of instruction, motivation, and supervision is essential for the patient with orthodontic appliances.

Back 1

individualized

Front 2

True or False? Much more effort is required to keep oral hygiene up when appliances/orthodontics are placed.

Back 2

True

Front 3

a series of customized transparent and removable aligners utilized in orthodontic therapy to align or straighten teeth

Back 3

aligner system

Front 4

any device designed to influence the shape and/or function of the mouth/jaw system

Back 4

appliance

Front 5

a bonded or banded appliance affixed to individual teeth or groups of teeth

Back 5

fixed appliance

*bonded brackets with arch wire held in place by elastomers*

Front 6

device used to influence growth and/or position of the teeth and jaws

Back 6

orthodontic appliance

Front 7

device used to influence growth and/or position of bones

Back 7

orthopedic appliance

Front 8

curved wire positioned in the brackets around the dental arch and held in place by elastomers or ligatures

Back 8

arch wire

Front 9

preformed stainless steel ring fitted around a tooth and cemented in place; available in shapes for each tooth form; each ____ has a bracket attached on the facial side, which is the mode of attachment for the arch wire

Back 9

band

Front 10

process by which orthodontic brackets are affixed to the tooth surface; a fluoride-releasing, light-activated resin is frequently use

Back 10

bonding

Front 11

a single-step intraoral procedure in which orthodontic attachments are oriented and bonded individually

Back 11

direct bonding

Front 12

a two-step process by which orthodontic attachments are affixed temporarily to the teeth of a study cast from which they are transferred to the mouth at one time by means of a template or tray that preserves the predetermined orientation and permits them to be bonded simultaneously

Back 12

indirect bonding

Front 13

attachment that is bonded to the enamel for the purpose of holding the arch wire

Back 13

bracket

Front 14

alumina used as a single-crystal material as a polycrystalline material

Back 14

ceramic

Front 15

removal of brackets and residual adhesive, after which the tooth surface is returned to its normal contour

Back 15

debonding

Front 16

elastoplastic ring or latex elastic used to hold an arch wire in a bracket wing

Back 16

elastomer

Front 17

ability of bracket material to resist fracture

Back 17

fracture toughness

Front 18

dental services intended to prevent the development of a malocclusion by maintaining the integrity of an otherwise normally developing dentition

Back 18

interceptive/preventive orthodontics

Front 19

cord, thread, elastic, or stainless steel wire used to secure the arch wire to the bracket

Back 19

ligature

Front 20

an orthodontic appliance, fixed or removable, used to maintain the position of the teeth following corrective treatment

Back 20

retainer

Front 21

a removable plastic and wire appliance used to stabilize teeth; may be modified for special applications during or after orthodontic therapy

Back 21

hawley retainer

Front 22

prosthetic replacement for prematurely lost primary teeth to prevent closure of the space before erruption of the permanent successors

Back 22

space maintainer

Front 23

appliance used for correction of tooth displacement resulting from premature loss of one or more teeth without timely space maintenance

Back 23

space regainer

Front 24

susceptible to extension; capable of being stretched

Back 24

tensile

Front 25

maximum stress that a material is capable of sustaining; usually expressed in pounds per square inch

Back 25

tensile strength

Front 26

Brackets are usually bonded with what material?

Back 26

resin

Front 27

Brackets are usually placed on the ______ surfaces of the teeth; however, sometimes brackets are boned to the ______ surfaces.

Back 27

facial

lingual

Front 28

these aid in the application and control of applied forces necessary to accomplish tooth movement and bone remodeling for orthodontic therapy

Back 28

bonded brackets

Front 29

In some cases _________ molar ______ are used for example for jaw stabilization following orthognathic surgery or when additional strength is needed to hold palatal bars, elastics, or other special devices.

Back 29

circumferential

bands

Front 30

What are the advantages of bonded brackets?

Back 30

• Improved aesthetics
• Improved gingival condition (better access)
• Proximal surface dental caries can be detected and treated without bracket removal
• Patient can be aware immediately hen a bracket loosens
• Placement factors

Front 31

What are the disadvantages of bonded brackets?

Back 31

• Attachment may be weaker
• Rebonding a loose bracket is more time consuming
• Debonding at the end of treatment is more time consuming than debanding
• Lower fracture toughness; enamel is subject to cracks

Front 32

What are the three components that make up a fixed appliance system?

Back 32

Brackets

Arch Wire

Elastomers

Front 33

What materials are brackets made of?

Back 33

Metal (stainless steel)

Plastic (polycarbonate)

Plastic with metal reinforcements

Ceramic

Front 34

The basic forms of brackets are...

Back 34

Single or Twin

Front 35

The _______ of the bracket is prepared with a ______ backing to assist in retaining the resin bonding agent.

Back 35

base

mesh

*mesh backing retain less dental biofilm than do other types of backings*

Front 36

The _____ ______ is used to generate and distribute forces that guide orthodontic tooth movement.

Back 36

arch wire

Front 37

Arch wires are made of what two materials?

Back 37

stainless steel or an alloy of chromium and titanium

*they can be round, rectangular, or multistranded*

Front 38

What is used to hold wires in the brackets and apply force to close spaces between teeth?

Back 38

elastomers

Front 39

Before bonding, ______ of any irregularities of the patient's teeth is required.

Back 39

documentation

Front 40

True or False? Calculus does not have to be completely removed and the gingival healed prior to bonding.

Back 40

False

*polishing is not necessary*

Front 41

The acid etch exposes the prism structure and creates ______. The average depth of the ______ ranges from 50 to 80 mm.

Back 41

microclefts

*nature of the bond*

Front 42

________ increase bond strength, hardness, and wear resistance.

Back 42

Fillers

Front 43

Heavily filled composites are thicker and less viscous; they may be ______ difficult to remove.

Back 43

more

Front 44

The bond is _____ when a smaller (thinner) layer of resin is placed between the tooth surface and the bracket.

Back 44

stronger

Front 45

_______ brackets may be bonded with a lightly filled resin, whereas posterior teeth may need _____ filled resin to prevent detachment.

Back 45

anterior

posterior

Front 46

Use of fluoride-releasing bonding systems such as ________ _________ have been shown to have positive preventive results.

Back 46

glass ionomers

Front 47

What are some complicating risk factors for dental hygiene care in regards to a patient with orthodontic appliances?

Back 47

• Age (Young & Old (medications))
• Gingivitis (edema)
• Position of Teeth (irregular position)
• Problems with Appliances
• Self-Care is Difficult

Front 48

What type of toothbrush should be recommended for patient's with orthodontics?

Back 48

• Power Brush
• Soft Brush: Bilevel
• End-Rounded Filaments

Front 49

What is the recommended brushing procedure for patient's with orthodontics?

Back 49

Sulcular Brushing

Adapt for Appliance (Charters)

Clean all Surfaces

Lingual and Palatal

Front 50

What additional aids can be used for patients with orthodontic appliances?

Back 50

• Floss Threader
• Interdental Brush
• Single-Tuft Brush
• Rubber Tip
• Oral Irrigation

Front 51

What dental hygiene instruments are best to use for patient's with ortho?

Back 51

ultrasonic or sonic scaler

air polisher

Front 52

Bands are removed with what?

Back 52

orthodontic band-removing pliers

Front 53

Cement is removed with what?

Back 53

an ultrasonic scaler

Front 54

What are the goals when removing residual resin?

Back 54

• Remove resin bulk
• Minimize damage to pulpal tissue
• Avoid damage to enamel surface
• Prevent excess enamel loss

Front 55

How can residual resin be identified?

Back 55

Patient reports rough feeling

Visually (dry)

Tactile (explorer)

Use of Loupes

Front 56

Which bur should be used to remove residual resin?

Back 56

a tapered, plain-cut, tungsten-carbide finishing bur with a low-speed handpiece

Front 57

Steps for Removal of Resin

Back 57

1. Bur Selection
2. Speed (low)
3. Stroke (light brush stroke)
4. Direction (cervical toward incisal)
5. Evaluate Frequently

Front 58

Finishing Removal of Resin

Back 58

Apply Aluminum Oxide Finishing Point

Polish with Fie Pumice Slurry and Rubber Cup

Brown then Green Polishing Cups

Front 59

Total enamel loss from etching, bracket removal, residual resin removal, surface finishing, and application of pumice averages approximately ____ to _____ um.

Back 59

30 to 100

Front 60

Enamel loss is greater when _____ resins are used for bonding and when ____ bristle brushes are used for finishing.

Back 60

filled

rotating

Front 61

True or False? Fluoride treatments are needed before, during, and after ortho application?

Back 61

True