Pain:
Diffenition
Pain, is a group of sensations evoked by, and reactions to, noxious stimuli. It is a subjective response which shows large individual variations. It is dependent upon factors such as age, gender, individual pain threshold, the magnitude of the force applied, present emotional state, stress, cultural differences, and previous pain experiences 1 - 3. It is a complex experience that often accompanies orthodontic appointments. It is also, one of the most frequent adverse effects of orthodontic treatment, and both patients as well as clinicians are concerned …show more content…
2, 3 Also one report has even stated that 8 per cent of a study population discontinued treatment because of pain wile in another study 30% of the patients considered ceasing treatment prematurely because of the pain they experienced .4 the orthodontic pain is also one of the most important reasons why most of the patients are discouraged from seeking orthodontic treatment 5 Otasevic et al. found that almost all orthodontic patients experiences pain.6 This high prevalence of pain gives an idea about the importance of this issue in orthodontics.
Quality of life and pain
Patients’ pain is one aspect of oral health-related quality of life, the quality of life is an important aspect in any treatment. Poor oral health can affect physical, psychological, and social conditions, which in turn affect patient’s quality of life. Therefore it was suggested to include the quality of life in the assessment of a patient’s treatment needs and outcomes.7-9 although there are several studies about the effects of improving the appearance and function on quality of life after the orthodontic treatment, there is a lack of studies on quality of life during the orthodontic treatment.
The prosedures causing