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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bicameral
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A Two House Legislature
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Articles of Confederation
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The first written plan of government for the United States.
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Shay’s Rebellion
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An uprising of farmers in Massachusetts that showed a need for a new government.
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Virginia Plan
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The plan written by James Madison for a new Constitution. The number of representatives were determined by population. Had a 3 branch government.
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New Jersey Plan
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Plan submitted in response to Virginia Plan by Smaller states. All states had equal representation in this plan. Had a 3 branch government.
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Federalists
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The group of people who were for the ratification of the new Constitution.
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Anti-Federalists
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The group of people who were against the ratification of the new Constitution.
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Institutionalized Racism
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When racism is incorporated into the law.
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Federalism
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When government power is shared between the states and the national government
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Separation of Powers
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Separating the powers of the government between several branches in order to keep each branch from becoming too powerful
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Checks and Balances
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Powers that each Branch of government has over the other two branches
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James Madison
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Father of the Constitution. Madison was the principal author of the US Constitution.
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Bill of Rights
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The first 10 amendments of the Constitution. The Bill of Rights guarantees the rights of the citizens of the United States of America
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Why Constitutions were important
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The people wanted their rights spelled out clearly
The people were afraid that the government might become too powerful |
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Problems With Articles of Confederation
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Weak central government - no authority over individual citizens - no authority over states
Congress didn’t have power to carry out laws No Provision for a court system Could not tax |
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Explain The “Great Compromise
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Virginia Plan called for the number of representatives to be determined only by population
The New Jersey plan called for each state to have an equal number of representatives The Compromise – A bicameral (two house) legislature - House of Representatives.- Number of representatives determined by population - Senate - each State has 2 Senators |
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Explain The 3/5 Compromise
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Southerners wanted slaves to count for Population and representation purposes but not for tax purposes.
Northerners wanted slaves to count for tax purposes but not for population (representation in Congress) Each slave counted for 3/5 of a person for both population (representation) and tax purposes |
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Effect of Institutionalized Racism
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Social Effects:
Slavery Discrimination Economic Effects: The group discriminated against is kept poorer by law. In this Country the two groups most affected were African Americans and Native Americans |
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The West
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The “West” was anywhere west of the Appalachian Mts.
People wanted to go there for cheap or free land People in the west were farmers |
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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An orderly way to settle land North of the Ohio River
Land was divided into townships and sold for a dollar an acre Established definite ownership Raised money for the government |
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The Northwest Ordinance
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Made provisions for governing western territories
Gave western territories a way to become equal states |
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The Constitution and the Security of the Citizens
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The Constitution provides for the security of it’s citizens by including the power and methods for the government to raise and equip a military to protect the nation from foreign powers.
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The Bill of Rights - 1st Amendment
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Freedom of Speech, Assembly, Press, Religion and Petition
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The Bill of Rights - 2nd Amendment
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Right to bear arms
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The Bill of Rights - 3rd Amendment
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Freedom from quartering soldiers
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The Bill of Rights - 4th Amendment
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No illegal search and seizure
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The Bill of Rights - 5th Amendment
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Rights in criminal cases including the right against self incrimination
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The Bill of Rights - 6th Amendment
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Right to fair speedy trial with due process of law
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The Bill of Rights - 7th Amendment
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Rights in civil cases
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The Bill of Rights - 8th Amendment
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Freedom from excessive bail, fines, or punishments
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The Bill of Rights - 9th Amendment
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Rights retained by people cannot be undone in Constitution
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The Bill of Rights - 10th Amendment
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Powers not delegated in the Constitution will be reserved for the states
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