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126 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the Pre-Socratic Philosophy? |
How the world works Single substance that makes the universe Scientific investigation Materialistic
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What did the Sophists look for? |
Skepticism and subjective view of the world. No objective truth or reality exists Study in politics and rhetoric Relativists
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Practical
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What was the Early Ionian School? Who were the three students and what did they believe? |
7th/6th Century Monists who searched for single element which the universe is made
Thales: Water Anaximander: Apeiron Anaximenes: Air |
One Thing
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What century was Pythagoras alive and what did he do? |
6th Century Mathematics and music, harmony, proportion Pythagorean Theorem Vegetarianism Attempted to combine many disciplines |
Numbers
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Heracleitus was alive during which century and what did he look at? |
6th/5th Century Universe is in a 'state of flux' Universe exists on strife not harmony
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Chaos
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What did Parmenides believe and when was he around? |
6th/5th Century Distinction b/w appearance and reality - Universe is one |
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What did Democritus believe in? |
460-370 Teacher: Leucippus Atomic Theory - Atomos: 'Uncuttable' Extreme materialism: real cannot be destroyed Epicurus: the mocker, laughing at human folly |
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Epicurus |
341-270 Ethical approach Epicurus school: Garden, women included Atomic theory Epicurus argues: includes chance, perish and regenerate |
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Socrates |
469-399 Questioning, debate, and dialetic - Inductive Reasoning Ethical philosophy Arete: virtue/excellence = knowledge Universal definitions and absolute values
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Protagoras |
490-420 - Relativism - Agnosticism |
Not atheism
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Plato |
Introvert Philosopher (Inner workings of heart) School: Academy - 1st school of philosophy, school of thoughts - Common teachings and thoughts - Later became math school, formulas/concepts Theory of 'Forms' - By nature you're inclined to do well Body vs. Soul - Concept/idea exist in immaterial world indefinitely Soul Intangible, never dies
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What is the Republic? |
Dialogue of Socrates Teaches: Justice/Beauty/Truth/Concepts in Polis - Idea of state - Description of soul/intellect/will/power - Components of the soul make up ideal state |
Written by famous Philosopher
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Aristotle |
Post classical philosopher/post-realist School: Lyceum Ideal form in reality, Realism - 5 senses Plato's Student Theory of 'Forms' - Forms meaningless without substance Potentiality - Potential possibility, acorn 1 -> oak tree Natural Science |
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Homer |
8th Century First/Greatest Greek writer Rumored to be blind (perception of the 6th sense) Wrote: Iliad, Odyssey
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Diogenes |
323-146 School of Cynicism Diogenes of Sinope: - "Dog": do as you wish and ignore others |
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Stoicism |
People do as they want Accept what is to happen Resigned, bear any kind of news without being affected Distant, unemotional etc...
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Apatheia |
No suffering or emotional collboration with anything in the world |
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Who is Zeno of Citium? |
335-270 Stoic philosopher Do not be moved by ups and downs of the world
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Who was Philip II of Macedon and who did he marry and why? |
359-336 Unified Macedonian chieftains; organized army Contemporary equivalence of military aggregation and formed diplomacy Political Marriage with Olympia of Epiros |
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What happened in 346 between Athens and Phillip |
Treaty with Athens, poleis not included hence they were plundered |
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Who was Demosthenes and what did he do? |
Athenian Rhetorician Orated Phillips II true intentions Phillipic reform of theoric fund, rousing resistance Athenians 50/50 against Phillip II |
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What happened in 352 under Phillip II's Rule? |
All of Thessaly captured |
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When was the Corinthian League and what happened? |
337 Macedonian-Greek alliance against Persia
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When was the death of Philip II and the circumstances? |
336 Young officer bearing a grudge |
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Alexander the Great |
Tutored by Aristotle Son of Philip II 'Philosopher-King' - Person in charge should be a thinker, wise and have integrity |
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How does Alexander reinforce his rule through Thebes? What does it demonstrate |
Thebes is razed as a message to the world that there is minimum change |
Where'd you go?
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What was introduced by Alexander in his conquest? |
Advance and conquer Generals appointed govenors |
Pay to go
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What happened in 333BC? |
Battle at Issus Alexander vs Darius III - Conquered his family |
Get dunked
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When was Egypt captured, and what is so significant about this? |
331 Alexandria, new captial 'Philadeliphia': 'City of Brotherly Love' - Emphasized quality of humanity, not to favour 1 culture over another
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Philly Cheese Steak
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What is Proskunesis? |
Falling down on your knees |
Pray
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When was the death of Alexander? |
310 |
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Who succeeded Alexander? |
Perdiccas |
No succession Plan
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When did Greece become a part of the Roman Empire? |
146 |
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When was the Hellenistic Society? |
323-146 |
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What is Hektemors? |
Mortgages bodies for property |
unpaid debts
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Who wrote Memorabilia?
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Xenophon
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Menial labour, time-saving device
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Who wrote Politics: Nomos and Phusis?
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Aristotle
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What were the divisions of the Roman Empire?
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Ptolemies in Egypt (Alexandria)
Seleucids in Western Asia (Antioch) Antigonids in Macedon (Pella) Attalids in Asia Minor (Pergamum) |
Divided in 4
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How did Greece influence Rome?
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Romans adopted Greek civilization and made it Latin
Religion, literature, philosophy (stoicism) |
Copycats?
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How did the Rise of Rome influence the future?
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Basis of western civilization's ideals
Renaissance - Rebirth of... Enlightenment 21st Century |
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What was Alexander's hubris in the face of Gods?
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Wanted to be greeted as: Pharoah of Egypt, Great King of Persia, King of Sumer and Akkad, Lord of the Universe
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Most BAMF
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When and what was the result of defeating Persia?
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334
Crossed the Thrace into Asia Minor 'First' to conquer 'Liberated' Persian tribute -states for a price |
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What were all the capitals named if each region conquered by Alexander?
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Alexandria
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Very 'original'
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When was Pakistan captured?
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327
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When was Presocratic Philosophy?
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7th/6th Century
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What Century did Sophism take place?
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5th Century
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When did Leucippus live and what did he look at?
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460-370
Atomic Theory - Atomos: 'Uncuttable' |
Atomos
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When was the Late Bronze Age?
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1600-1150
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Late Minoan/Mycenaean
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When was the Dark Age?
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1200-800
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Archaic Age
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When was the Classical Period?
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490-404
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Peloponnesian War
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When was the Age of Transition?
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404-323
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Rise of Macedonia
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When was the Hellenistic Period
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323-146
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Alexander the Great
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What are Magistrates/Archons?
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They are the upper class
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What is the Areopagus Council?
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Made of of Archons, therefore the upper-class
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What is the Boule of 400?
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Council by Solon, open to all except thetes
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What is the Ekklesia?
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Open discussion to all citizens, the assembly
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What is strategos?
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General
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What is Barbaros?
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Barbarian
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What is Basileus?
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King/Emperor
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Who is Hesiod?
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725
Wrote Work and Days, a farmer |
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What is a Kleros?
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Farmland
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What is an Oikos?
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Household/Measure of a unit
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What are Thetes?
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Hired workers
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What is an Ephebe?
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Youth
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What is an Ephor?
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Magistrate/Overseer
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What is a Gerousia?
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Council of Elders in Sparta
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What are Helots?
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Slaves
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Who is Lycurgus?
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Created the Spartan education system
Created many institutions |
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What is a Perioeci?
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Free class of people in Sparta
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Who is Plutarch?
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Roman Philosopher of Ethics
Wrote biographies about Spartans and Spartan Women |
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What is a Syssition?
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Spartan Mess Hall
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Who is Xenophon and when was he around?
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Athenian who was exiled for being pro Sparta
Most accurate source for Spartan history 430 – 354 |
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What did Cleisthenes do?
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Divided attca into 3 and then 10
- Trittyes: popultion of division (30th) Introduced ballot box |
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Who is Cylon?
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Former aristocrat, lost everything
Tyrant of Megara He was exiled |
Tied to statue of Athena
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Who is Cyrus II and when was he around?
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559-530
Member of Achaemenid family |
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When did Cyrus II conquer Asian Minor?
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546
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Who is Darius I and when was he around?
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521-486
Persian Ruler Created currency called Darics |
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Who is Draco?
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Promoted equality among classes
Introduced complex laws |
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Who is Patroklus?
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Achilles' friend who wore his armour and died
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Who were Heinrich and Sophia Schliemann?
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They were entrepreneurs who dug up Troy
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What is Proxeny?
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Inter-state ambassadors
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What is Amphyictyony?
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Association if neighbouring poleis
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What is a Symposium
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Aristocratic drinking parties
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When were the Olympic Games introduced?
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776 BC
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Why is Delphi important?
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Oracle of Apollo
Pythian Games Religious,cultural and sports centre |
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What is an Apella?
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Assembly of all adult Spartiate men
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What is Synoecism?
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Uniting the hosues
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What are polemarchos?
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Chosen by noblemen, generals
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What is a Basileus?
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Religious officer/ King
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What are Thesmothetai?
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Lawmakers
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What is the Arepagus?
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Hill of Mars, serious trials are help here
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What is hoi agathoi?
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"The Good Ones"
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What is Pentakosiomedimnoi?
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500 Bushel men
Men who owned land that produced 500 bushels |
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What is seisachtheia? Who got rid of it?
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Debt-slavery
Solon |
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What is timocracy?
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Wealth
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What is Boule?
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"thinking place" "think tank"
Preparing business of Ecclesia |
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What is a bouleterion?
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Council chamber
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Who is Peisistratus and when was he around?
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Greek Tyrant in 560 BC
Had Homer's poetry written down |
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Who is Pericles?
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Greek Ruler
Climax of political development Introduced Strategoi and Magistrates |
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What is Klepsydra?
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Water clock
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What is the Kleroterion?
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Allotment of jurors
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When and what happened at the battle of Marathon?
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490 Spartans unable to help because of cultural beliefsAthenian soldiers rushed downhill and persians eventually retreated |
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When was the battle at Thermopylae? Who was it that defeated the Persians?
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480
Leonidas |
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Who was the Delian League?
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All city-states along the Aegean Sea
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When and what was ironic about Perikles Oration?
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429 Funeral Oration of Perikles
430 Death of Perikles |
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What was the Parthenon?
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Worship patron goddess Athena
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What was the Temple to Erechtheus?
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Built in dedication of legendary founding king Erechtheion
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What was the Temple to Athena Nike? What as the annual sacrifice?
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Express confidence in Athena Victorious
Ox |
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What is a duolos?
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Slave
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What is a kurios?
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The man, lord/master
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Who is Lysander?
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Spartan general
Conquered Athens, starved them |
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What is a theatron?
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Place where citizen class watched performances
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What is an orchestra?
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Dancing place
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What is a parodos?
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Exit to the town/country
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What is Dionysia?
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religious, ritual masks to Bacchus
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Who was Aeschylus? When was he around?
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'Creator' of Greek Tragedies525-456
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What happens in Prometheus Bound?
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Prometheus is punished for giving man fire
Io a victim of Zeus, prophesizes Hercules will one day set them free Zeus' lackeys: Kratos and Bia do his work |
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What is Prometheus' punishment?
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An eagle everyday will sit in his lap and eat his liver which regrows everyday
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What happens in Peace? and when was it published?
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421 Trygaeus flies on a giant dung-beetle to OlympusHermes is the only god who is left Peace, Harvest and Festival are freed by Trygaeus Trygaeus marries Harvest |
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Who said:
"He who is by nature is not his own but belongs to another, is by nature a slave" |
Aristotle
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Who said:
"No man steps into the same river twice" |
Heracleitus
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"Man is the measure of all things: of things which are, that they are, and of things which are not, that they are not"
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Protagoras
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"Concerning the gods, I have no means of knowing whether they exist or not or of what sort they may be, because of the obscurity of the subject, and the brevity of human life"
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Protagoras
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Who said:
“The indictment is entered on affidavitby Meletus … against Socrates. Socrates is guilty of refusing to recognize thegods recognized by the state, and introducing other, new divinities. He is alsoguilty of corrupting the youth. The penalty demanded is death.”� |
Plato
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Who said:
"It is literallytrue (even if it sounds rather comical) that the god has specially appointed meto this city, as though it were a large thoroughbred horse which because of itsgreat size is inclined to be lazy and needs the stimulation of some stingingfly. It seems to me that the god has attached me to this city to perform theoffice of such a fly; and all day long I never cease to settle here, there, andeverywhere, rousing, persuading, reproving every one of you." |
Plato
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Who said:
"Perhaps someonemay say, ‘But surely, Socrates,…you can spend the rest of your life in quietlyminding your own business.’ That is the hardest thing of all to make some ofyou understand…To let no day pass without discussing goodness and all the othersubjects about which you hear me talking and examining both myself and othersis really the very best thing that a man can do, and life without this sort ofexamination is not worth living..." |
Plato
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