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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the common elements of food |
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulphur, Phosphorus |
C.H.O.N.P.S |
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Common (Dissolved) Salts |
Sodium, Magnesium, Chlorine, Potassium, Calcium |
Sophie Makes Chopped Potatoes Carefully (S.M.C.P.C) |
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What are trace elements |
Iron, Copper, Zinc |
C.I.Z |
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What are the biomolecules of food |
Carbohydrates, Protein, Lipids, Water, Fibre, Vitamins and Minerals |
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What elements are in carbohydrates |
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
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What is the general formula and the formula for glucose? |
General formula- Cx(H2O)y the ratio is 1:2 Glucose formula- C6H12O6 |
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What is a Monosaccaride? |
A single ring of carbon atoms smallest unit of a carbohydrate |
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What is a Disaccharide? |
Double ring structure |
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What is a Polysaccharide? |
Many ring structure |
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Metabolic role examples |
-Energy release (glucose) fruit (Mono) -Sucrose in table sugar (Disa) -Starch in bread (Poly) |
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Structural role examples |
-Cellulose in plant cell walls -Chitin in cell wall of fungi |
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Sources of carbohydrate |
-Fruit (Mono) -Sugar and Milk (Disa) -Bread, Pasta, Rise and potatoes (Poly) |
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Characteristics of carbohydrates |
-Mono- Soluable in water/ Tastes sweet -Disa-Soluable in water/ Tastes sweet -Poly- NOT Soluable in water/ Doesn't taste sweet |
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What is amino acids |
Basic unit of protein |
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What elements are in proteins |
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen and Nitrogen |
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Structure of protein |
20 different amino acids |
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Metabolic role examples |
Formation of enzymes and hormones |
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Structural role examples of protein |
-Collagen in skin -Myosin in muscle -Keratin in hair |
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Sources of protein |
Meat, fish, eggs, milk and nuts |
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What is lipids |
Fats and oils |
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What elements do they contain? |
Carbon Hydrogen and oxygen |
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2 main types of lipids are? |
Triglycerides and phospholipid |
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What is the difference between the 2? |
Triglyceride- Has glycerol and 3 different fatty acids Phospholipid- Has glycerol and 2 different fatty acids and phosphate |
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What if the difference at room temperature? |
-Fat solids at room temperature -Oils liquids at room temperature |
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Metabolic role examples |
Release and storage of energy (releases energy in respiration) |
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Structural role example of lipids |
Phospholipid in cell membrane |
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Sources of Lipids |
Butter, oil and cheese |
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What are vitamins |
Essential organic Catalyst of metabolism |
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Name things about vitamin C |
-Water soluble -Formation of skin and blood vessels -Helps healing and the immune system -Scurvy if lack of Vit C |
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Name some things about vitamin D |
-Fat soluble -Absorption of Ca (Calcium) in gut (for bones and teeth) -Causes Rickets in kids and oesteomalacia if lack of Vit D |
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What is minerals needed for? |
Minerals in needed in plants and animals in small amounts |
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Calcium in plants |
Formation of middle lamellar in cell wall |
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Calcium in animals |
Forming bones, teeth and muscle formation |
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Magnesium in plants |
Formation of Chlorophyll (Chloroplast and photosynthesis) |
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Iron in animals |
Formation of Haemogobin (found in blood which oxygen binds to red blood cells) |
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What is the most abundant chemical in living things |
Water |
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Major functions of water are? |
Good solvent- Water is able to absorb a wide range of molecules Transport- movement of dissolved materials in and out of cells Chemical reactions- Condensation reactions, Photosynthesis, Respiration Temperature regulation- Good observer of heat helping to maintain homeostasis |
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What is C.R.A.P |
Catabolic- Respiration Anabolic- Photosynthesis |
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