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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
matter
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Anything that has mass and occupies space.
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Element
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A substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means.
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Compound
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A substance made up of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio, or proportion.
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Mixture
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Two or more substances that are mixed together but not chemically combined.
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Atom
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The smallest particle of an element.
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Scientific Theory
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A well-tested idea that explains and connects a wide range of observations.
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Model
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Physical, mental, visual, and other representations of an idea to help people understand a concept that they cannot observe directly.
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Electrons
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Negatively charged particles that move around outside the nucleus of an atom.
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Nucleus
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The central core of the atom, containing protons and usually neutrons.
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Protons
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Small, positively charged particles that are found in the nucleus or an atom.
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Energy Level
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A region of an atom in which electrons of the same energy are likely to be found.
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Neutrons
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Small, uncharged particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom.
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Valence Electrons
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The electrons that are in the highest energy level of an atom and that are involved in chemical reactions.
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Electron Dot Diagrams
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A representation of the valence electrons in an atom, using dots.
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Chemical Bond
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The force that holds atoms together.
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Symbol
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A one or two letter set of characters that is used to identify an element.
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Atomic Number
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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
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Period
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Elements in the same horizontal row of the periodic table.
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Group
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Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called a family.
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Noble gases
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An element of Group 18 of the periodic table (non reactive)
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Halogen
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An element belonging to Group 17 of the periodic table.
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Alkali Metal
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An element belonging to Group 1 of the periodic table.
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Ion
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An atom or group of atoms that has become electrically charged.
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Polyatomic Ion
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An ion that is made of more than one atom.
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Ionic Bond
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The attraction between oppositely charged ions.
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Ionic Compound
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A compound that consists of positive and negative ions.
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Chemical Formula
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A combination of symbols that represents the elements in a compound.
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Subscript
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A number in a chemical formula that tells the number of atoms in a molecule or the ratio of elements in a compound.
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Crystal
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An orderly, three-dimensional pattern of ions or atoms in a solid.
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Covalent Bond
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A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electons.
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Molecule
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A neutral particle made of two or more atoms joined by covalent bonds.
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Double Bond
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A chemical bond formed when atoms share two pairs of electrons.
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Triple Bond
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A chemical bond formed when atoms share three pairs of electrons.
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Molecular compound
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A compound that is composed of molecules.
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Polar Bond
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A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally.
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Nonpolar Bond
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A covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally.
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Metallic Bond
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An attraction between a positive metal ion and the electrons surrounding it.
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Alloy
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A material made of two or more elements that has the properties of a metal.
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Ductile
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A term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire.
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Malleable
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A term used to describe material that can be hammered or rolled into shape.
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