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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A functional group that has a carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond.
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carbonyl group
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Any compound that contains a carbonyl group (C=O).
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carbonyl compound
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A compound that has a carbonyl group bonded to a least one hydrogen.
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aldehyde
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A compound that has a carbonyl group bonded to two carbons.
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ketone
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What is the geometry and bond angles of all substituents on a carbonyl atom ?
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trigonal planar; 120˚
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What are the two major classes of carbonyl compounds?
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-Aldehydes and Ketones: which have similar properties because their carbonyl groups are bonded to atoms that are not electronegative - (hydrogen and carbon).
-Carboxylic acids and Amides (the carboxyl family): whose carbonyl groups ARE bonded to atoms that are electronegative, (typically oxygen or nitrogen atoms). |
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Addition of an alcohol or other compound to the carbon double bond to give a carbon-oxygen single bond.
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Nucleophilic addition reaction, aldehydes and ketones.
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A compound with both an alcohol-like hydroxyl group and an ether like -OC group bonded to the same carbon.
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Hemiacetal
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A compound that has two ether-like -OC groups bonded to the same carbon atom.
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Acetal
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A reaction in which a bond or bonds are broken and the H and OH of water add to the atoms of the broken bond or bonds.
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Hydrolysis
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