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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Genotypic function of DNA |
- Replication - The genetic material must store genetic information and accurately transmit that information from parents to offspring, generation after generation |
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The Phenotypic function of DNA |
- Gene Expression - The genetic material must control the development of the phenotype of the organism. That is, the genetic material must dictate the growth of the organism from the single-celled zygote to the mature adult. |
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The Evolutionary Function |
- Mutation - The genetic material must undergo changes to produce variations that allow organisms to adapt to modifications in the environment so that evolution can occur. |
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The Overall Function of DNA |
- The genetic material must replicate, control the growth and development of the organism, and allow the organism to adapt to changes in the environment. |
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Chromosomes are composed of what? |
-Proteins and Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) |
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What type of organism use RNA to encode its genetic information? |
- Small viruses (E. Coli) |
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Most somatic cells of diploid organisms contain ___ the amount of DNA as the haploid germ cells of the same species? |
Twice |
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Somatic Cell |
- A cell that is a component of the body, in contrast with a germ call that is capable, when fertilized, of reproducing the organism. |
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Germ Cell |
- A reproductive cell capable when mature of being fertilized and reproducing an entire organism |
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True or False, the composition of both RNA and proteins is the same (with rare expectations) in all the cells of an organism |
- False, The molecular composition of DNA is the same in al the cells of an organism. - The composition of both RNA and proteins is highly variable from one cell type to another. |
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What is more stable, DNA or RNA and Proteins and why? |
- DNA, because the genetic material must store and transmit information from parents to offspring. |
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How could scientist be sure that DNA was really pure? |
- Avery, MacLeod, and McCart's experiments -They treated DNA from Type IIIS cells with the enzymes DNase, RNase, and Protease and was tested for its ability to transform Type IIR cells to Type IIIS cells. - Only DNase eliminated all transforming activity |
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Nucleotides |
- Adenine -Guanine -Thymine - Cytosine |
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What are Purines? |
(pyrimidines) |
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What is a double helix? |
-Charfaffs chemical data -Wilkins' and Franklins' X-ray diffraction data -Watson and Crick |
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The DNA double helix are said to be complimentary. Why? |
-the two strands of the double helix makes DNA uniquely suited to store and transmit genetic info from generation to generation (ch. 10) - |
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B-DNA |
-watson/crick double helix structure -confirms that DNA takes under physiological conditions. -in aqueous solutions containing low concentrations of salts. |
