Chapter 10 Chromosome Organization And Molecular Structure

Front 1

Structuralgenes

Back 1

genes that produce mRNA and encode polypeptides; also called structural genes.

Front 2

Intergenicregions

Back 2

in a chromosome, a region ofDNA that lies between two different genes.

Front 3

Originof replication

Back 3

a nucleotide sequence that functions as an initiation site for the assembly of several proteins required for DNA replication.

Front 4

Repetitivesequences

Back 4

DNA sequences that are present in many copies in the genome.replica plating a technique in which a replica of bacterial colonies is transferred to a new petri plate.

Front 5

DNAsupercoiling

Back 5

the formation of additional coils in DNA due to twisting forces.

Front 6

TopoisomeraseI

Back 6

an enzyme that alters the degree ofsupercoiling in DNA.

Front 7

Introns

Back 7

intervening sequences that are foundbetween exons. Introns are spliced out of theRNA prior to translation.

Front 8

Telomeres

Back 8

specialized DNA sequences found at the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes.

Front 9

Chromatin

Back 9

the association between DNA and proteins that is found within chromosomes.

Front 10

Histoneproteins

Back 10

a group of proteins involved in forming the nucleosome structure of eukaryotic chromatin.

Front 11

Loopdomains

Back 11

a segment of chromosomal DNA that is anchored by proteins, so it forms a loop.

Front 12

Radialloop domains

Back 12

organization of chromatin during interphase into loops,often 25,000 to 200,000 bp in size, which are anchored to the nuclear matrix at matrix-attachment regions.

Front 13

Euchromatin

Back 13

DNA that is not highly compactedand may be transcriptionally active

Front 14

Heterochromatin

Back 14

highly compacted DNA. It isusually transcriptionally inactive.