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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is power? |
The capacity that A has to influence and control B to do something that they normally wouldn't have done themselves Or How much dependence B has on A, meaning that A controls a resource that B needs |
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What is the key to power |
Dependency |
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What are 2 different types of power: |
When person B is reliant on person A, but A controls a valuable resource thats defined by person B When person B is reliant on person A, but A can threaten the resource thats defined by person B |
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What are the 6 bases of power
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1. Reward Power (money) Opposite of coercive power, its someone who can offer rewards that are aligned with what the follower desires
2. Coercive Power (Hitler) Depends on the fear of negative results that might occur if one fails to comply
3. Referent Power (Johnny Depp) Power over an individual or team of followers, based on the high level of recognition and admiration for their followers
4. Legitimate Power (president) Power that comes from a status position, or a given title in a hierarchical position in an organization.
5. Expert Power (IT department) Power based on ones perception where someone has a high skill or knowledge that other members of the organization do not possess
6. Information Power (Warren Buffet) Transient form of power, that doesn't last, the more information you give away the more power you give away, your power is in your knowledge of information |
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What are the 3 responses to power? and which bases of power falls on each |
- Resistance People oppose the behaviour desired by the influencer Ex: Coercive - Compliance Motivated by external sources (punishment, rewards) to implement request Ex: Reward, Legitimate - Commitment Identify with and highly motivated to implement requests Ex: Expert, Referent |
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2 types of personal power |
1. Expert power: influence based on expertise or skill and is one of the most influential power 2. Referent power: develops out of admiration and to want to be like another person. Its not necessarily formal, like a teacher or a coach |
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what 3 things will cause an increase in power |
1. your controlled resources viewed as important 2. Your resources are perceived as scarce 3. Your resources have few or no substitutes |
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Individuals translate their power into influence in 9 different ways, and name the bases of power attached to each one |
1. Legitimacy (Legitimate) Claiming the right or authority to make a request 2. Pressure (Coercive) Using demands or threats to get someone to do something 3. Rational Persuasion (Expert) Use logic and data to make a logical presentation 4. Inspirational appeals (Referent) Appealing to values, ideals, and goals when making a request 5. Personal Appeals (Referent) Appealing to loyalty or friendship to make a request 6. Exchange (information) Offering benefits or favours in exchange for support 7. Consultation Getting others involved to support ones objective 8. Ingratiation Using flattery or using goodwill or being friendly prior to making a request 9. Coalitions Getting other people to provide a backup when making a request |
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what are the most/least effective power influences What are 2 effects of Hard/soft power influences |
Most: Rational, Inspirational, and consultation are the most effective Least:Pressure is the least effective Soft power affects more people that are reflective and intrinsically motivated Hard power affects more people that are extrinsically motivated |
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What are five ways power affects people |
1. lead people to put their own best interest first 2. Leads to treat others like instruments to reach your goals 3. Can react to threats of their competence 4. Make self interested decisions in moral situations 5. Leads to overconfident in decisions People with the lowest status abuse power the most |
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What is Empowerment And why do it? |
The freedom and the ability of employees to make decisions and commitments Increases job satisfaction, motivation and performance Similar to (Job enrichment, and participative management) |
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What are 4 characteristics that most empowered employees have |
1. Self determination Feel free how to do their work and not micromanaged 2. Meaning They feel like their work is important to them and care about what they're doing 3. Competence They feel confident on how to do well in their work 4. Impact They believe they have an impact on their work units, and they can influence others |
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What are the 3 different stages of empowerment and which decision making authority is the lowest to highest |
1. No discretion 2. Participatory empowerment 3. Self management Decision making authority increases from 1 to 3 |
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What is job crafting? |
The actions employees take to shape, mold, and redefine their jobs to align their work with their own preferences Proactive work behaviour that is enabled when employees receive more latitude at work |
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What are 4 job crafting behaviours |
1. Reducing hindrance demands 2. Attracting challenge demands 3. Seeking structural resources (work tools, skills) 4. Seeking social resources (social support at work) |
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What 3 feelings to job crafters feel about their job And 2 work place effects? |
1. Are more motivated due to feeling in control 2. Find their work more meaningful 3. Select tasks in which they're good at 1. More effort, perform better, lower turnover, higher employability 2. Since there is no one to keep an eye on them they begin to slack at their work, and they can easily lose sight of their goals |
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3 effects of political behaviour in organizations |
1. try to influence the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within an organization 2. Self serving tactics for personal gain 3. Office politics permeates organizational life! |
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What are 8 types of political activity in organizations |
1. Impression management 2. Attacking or blaming others 3. withholding or distorting information 4. Building support for ideas 5. Praising others 6. building coalitions 7. Associating with influential people 8. Creating obligations |
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What are 3 main reasons for politics existing in the work place? |
1. Scarce resources Reallocation of resources promotion opportunities 2. Differences in values Conflicts over priorities conflicts over procedures 3. Complex and ambiguous rules role ambiguity unclear performance evaluation |
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How to control political behaviour |
1. Ensure sufficient resources 2. Keep decisions transparent 3. Make clear policies and rules 4. Foster norms to reject adverse self serving political behaviour 5. Be a good role model |
