Chapter 22

Front 1

Absorbed Poison

Back 1

Usually a chemical or substance from a poisonous plant that enters through the skin

Front 2

Activated Charcoal

Back 2

A distilled charcoal in powder form that can absorb many times it's weight and contaminants to prevent their absorption by the body: no longer commonly administered in the emergency care of patients who have ingested a poison

Front 3

Antidote

Back 3

A substance that neutralizes the effect of a poison or toxic substance

Front 4

CNS Depressant

Back 4

Substances that inhibit or decrease central nervous system functions

Front 5

CNS Stimulants

Back 5

Substances that excite or increase central nervous system functions

Front 6

Drug Abuse

Back 6

Self administration of drugs in a manner that is not in accord with approved medical or social patterns

Front 7

Hallucinogens

Back 7

Substances that cause hallucinations or false perceptions not based on reality

Front 8

Narcotics

Back 8

Central nervous system depressants that are derived from opium (opiates) or from synthetic opium (Opioids)

Front 9

Overdose

Back 9

An emergency that involves poisoning by drugs or alcohol

Front 10

Huffers

Back 10

People who inhale Vapors in order to get high

Front 11

Pharming

Back 11

Raiding others home medicine supplies are using fake prescriptions to obtain drugs

Front 12

Toxicology

Back 12

The study of toxins, and the dates, and the effects of toxins in the body

Front 13

Toxin

Back 13

Drugs or substances that are poisonous to humans and will cause certain adverse effects that may ultimately to death

Front 14

Volatile Inhalants

Back 14

Substances that are easily vaporized and inhalable

Front 15

Withdrawal

Back 15

A syndrome that occurs after a period of abstinence from the alcohol or drugs to which a person's body has become accustomed

Front 16

What are some signs of a patient who is been poisoned by ingestion?

Back 16

Swelling of the mucosal membranes in the mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, altered mental status, abdominal pain, Burns, unusual breath, respiratory distress, altered heart rate, blood pressure, dilated or constricted pupils, warm and dry skin, cool and moist skin, altered mental status, coma or seizures

Front 17

What is the emergency care for a patient with ingested poisoning?

Back 17

Maintain the airway, assist ventilations if they are inadequate, maintain oxygenation, prevent further injury, during transport, consult medical Direction, and bring suspected poisons to the receiving facility.

Front 18

What are some different trade names for activated charcoal?

Back 18

SuperChar

InstaChar

Actidose

Luiqi-Char

Front 19

What are some common inhaled poisons?

Back 19

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, chlorine gas, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, anesthetic gases, solvents used in dry cleaning, industrial gas is, incomplete combustion of natural gas, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen dioxide

Front 20

What are some commonly abused inhaled poisons?

Back 20

Paints, Freon, gas propellant, glue, nitrous oxide, amyl nitrate, and butyl nitrate

Front 21

What is the emergency care for inhaled poison?

Back 21

Protect yourself, quickly get the patient out of the toxic environment, placed a patient in a Supine position or position of comfort, and ensuring open Airway, start positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen immediately, administer Oxygen by non-rebreather mask at 15 LPM, and bring all containers bottles labels or other clues about the poisoning agent to the receiving facility

Front 22

What are some signs and symptoms of a injected poison?

Back 22

Weakness, dizziness, chills, fever, nausea, sedation, high or low blood pressure, pupillary changes, needle tracks, pain, trouble breathing, abnormal skin vitals, possible paralysis, and swelling and redness at the site of injection

Front 23

What is the medical emergency care for injected poison?

Back 23

Maintain the patient's Airway, begin positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen, maintain adequate oxygenation be alert for vomiting, in the case of a bite or sting protect yourself from injury and protect the patient from repeated injections, and bring all containers bottles labels or other evidence of poisonous substances to the receiving facility

Front 24

What are some signs and symptoms of absorbed poison?

Back 24

Burns, itching, irritation, redness, swelling, and traces of liquid or powder on the patient's skin

Front 25

What are some signs and symptoms of contact with a poisonous plant?

Back 25

Fluid filled oozing blisters, itching and burning, swelling, Possible Pain, and a rash

Front 26

What is the emergency medical care for absorbed poisons?

Back 26

Protecting your hands, carefully monitoring the airway and respiratory status, begin positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen, maintain oxygenation, brush and dry chemicals or solid toxins from the patient's skin, and if the poison is liquid irrigate all parts of the body with clean water at least for 20 minutes

Front 27

What are some products most commonly associated with food poisoning?

Back 27

Eggs, chicken, Ready-to-Eat Foods, untreated water or unpasteurized milk, and fish

Front 28

What are foidborne illnesses from those products?

Back 28

Salmonella, Canpylobacter, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus Aureus

Front 29

What is Salmonella?

Back 29

From contaminated food and water, or from undercooked food

Front 30

What is Campylobacter?

Back 30

Common poisoning from cantaiminated poultry, milk, and water.

Front 31

What is Escherichia coli?

Back 31

Severe gastrointestinal poisoning from numerous contaminated Foods, undercooked foods, and untreated water.

Front 32

What is Staphylococcus Aureus from?

Back 32

Food poisoning from unhygienic food preparation, associated with foods served cold.

Front 33

What are some signs and symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning?

Back 33

Headache, Tachypnea, Nausea, AMS, and High pulse oximeter reading

Front 34

What is Cyanide?

Back 34

Cyanide is a poison that can be found in a variety of forms. It can enter the body through inhalation, absorption, injection, and injection. Cyanide is found in many household products. Rodent poisons, silver polish, and Sherry and apricot pits contain cyanide that can't be ingested or absorbed.

Front 35

What are some early signs and symptoms of cyanide poisoning?

Back 35

Headache, confusion, agitation, burning sensation in the mouth or throat, dyspnea, hypertension, bradycardia or tachycardia, and smell of bitter almonds

Front 36

What are some late signs and symptoms of cyanide poisoning?

Back 36

Seizures, coma, hypertension, pulmonary edema, cardiac dysrhythmias, and acidosis

Front 37

What are Hydrocarbons?

Back 37

Hydrocarbons are substances that are produced from crude oil, coal, or plant sources. They are commonly found in kerosene, naphtha, turpentine, mineral oil,toleune and benzene.

Front 38

What is methanol?

Back 38

Methanol, or wood alcohol, is it poisonous form of alcohol found in a variety of common products such as gasoline, antifreeze, windshield washer fluid, paints, paint removers, Sterno and other canned fuels, and shellac.

Front 39

What is Isopropanol?

Back 39

Rubbing alcohol, the most common form of isopropyl alcohol, is found in many households. That alcohol can also be found in many household products such as Cosmetics, the greasers, disinfectants, solvents, and other cleaning agents.

Front 40

What is Ethylene Glycol?

Back 40

Ethylene glycol is commonly found in detergents, radiator antifreeze, windshield deicers, and coolants.

Front 41

What are the 3 staged of ethylene glycol?

Back 41

(1) Neurological

(2) Cardiopulmonary

(3) Renal

Front 42

What does the first stage (Neurological) of ethylene glycol consist of?

Back 42

Uncoordinated movements, slurred speech, altered mental status, nausea and vomiting, seizures, and hallucinations.

Front 43

What does the second stage (cardiopulmonary) of ethylene glycol consist of?

Back 43

Tachypnea, crackles upon auscultation, cyanosis, dyspnea, respiratory distress, and heart failure

Front 44

What does the third stage (Renal? of ethylene glycol consist of?

Back 44

Production of very little urine (oliguria)or no urine (anuria), bloody urine (hematuria), pain to the flank areas

Front 45

What are suicide bags?

Back 45

Suicide bags, also known as exit bags are becoming a very common form of euthanasia worldwide. Ms Cruise in the United States are beginning to encounter patients using the suicide bag as a less violent method to commit suicide. The suicide bag method is simple, inexpensive, and it's made from materials and ingredients that are accessible to the general population.

Front 46

What does the suicide bag consist of?

Back 46

The suicide bag is composed of a large plastic bag with a drawstring to tighten around the neck, a hose, and a container of gas such as helium or nitrogen. The bag is placed over the head, tightened around the neck and the hose is inserted into the bag. The hoses connected to a helium or nitrogen tank. The person turns on the tank while the gas then freely flows into the bag around the head.

Front 47

Who can assist you with treatment of poison patients?

Back 47

Poison control centers remember to always contact medical Direction before you call Poison Control

Front 48

What are drug and alcohol emergency indicators?

Back 48

Unresponsiveness, respiratory difficulties, fever, tachycardia and bradycardia, vomiting with altered mental status, and seizures

Front 49

What is the talk down technique?

Back 49

Make the patient feel welcome, identify yourself clearly, reassure the patient that his condition is caused by the drug and will not last forever, help the patient verbalize what is happening to him, reiterate simple and concrete statements, forewarn the patient about what will happen if the drug begins to wear off, and once the patient has been called transport

Front 50

What are some signs and symptoms of drug withdrawal?

Back 50

Anxiety, confusion, Tremors, profuse sweating, elevated heart rate and blood pressure, hallucinations, feeling as if there are things on the body that are not there, nausea, and abdominal cramping

Front 51

What is the withdrawal syndrome?

Back 51

The withdrawal syndrome occurs after a period of abstinence from the drug or alcohol to which the person's body has been accustomed to.

Front 52

What are the four stages of alcohol withdrawal?

Back 52

Stage one which occurs within about 8 hours is characterized by nausea insomnia sweating and trimmers, stage 2, which occurs within eight to 72 hours, is characterized by a worsening stage 1 symptoms plus hallucinations, stage three, which can occur as early as 48 Hours following the last alcoholic beverage, is characterized by Major seizures, stage 4 is character it rise by delirium tremens.

Front 53

What is delirium tremens,?

Back 53

This is the last stage of alcohol withdrawal. It is a severe life-threatening condition with a mortality rate of approximately 5 to 15%.

Front 54

What are some signs and symptoms of delirium tremens?

Back 54

Severe confusion, loss of memory, Tremors, restlessness, and irritability

Front 55

What are some commonly abused drugs?

Back 55

PCP, Cocaine, Amphetamines and Methamphetamines,and PABS (Bath salts)

Front 56

What are some things abused by huffers?

Back 56

Chemicals that contain toluene, paint a, Freon, gas propellants, and glue.