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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the pituitary gland is attached to the |
hypothalamus at the base of the brain |
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define pituitary gland |
small gland produces hormones that influence metabolism, growth, development, reproduction and other critical life functions |
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pituitary gland is controlled by the |
hypothalamus |
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posterior pituitary is considered part of the __________ system |
nervous system |
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posterior pituitary |
stores and releases ADH and oxytocin which are produced in the hypothalamus and transferred to the posterior pituitary by neuronal axons |
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anterior pituitary |
synthesizes and secretes six major hormones1. hGH 2. PRL 3. TSH 4. ACTH 5. FSH 6. LH |
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majority of effects by hGH are |
tropic |
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hGH stimulates the liver to secrete hormones called |
growth factors |
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location and structure of thyroid gland |
below larynx, has two lobes one on either side of trachea |
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primary effect of thyroxine |
is to increase the rate at which the body metabolizes fats, proteins and carbohydrates for energy |
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does thyroxine have one specific target organ? |
no but it especially stimulates the cells of the heart, skeletal muscles, liver and kidney to increase rate of cellular respiration |
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define hypothyroidism |
condition resulting when the thyroid produces extremely low levels of thyroxine |
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hyperthyroidism is |
overproduction of thyroxine |
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_________ pituitary releases a hormone called _________ which causes the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine |
anterior, TSH |
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if there is insufficient _____ in a persons diet, thyroxine cannot be made |
iodine |
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calcitonin regulates |
calcium levels in blood |
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when concentration of calcium in the blood is too high what happens? |
calcitonin stimulates uptake of calcium into bones, which lowers its concentration in blood |
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parathyroid glands are |
four small glands attached to the thyroid that produce PTH (parathyroid hormone) |
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release of PTH in the body is in response to |
falling concentrations of calcium in the blood (brings concentration of calcium in blood back to normal) |
