1. The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine also known as T4 which maintains metabolic rate of all cells and processes of cell growth and tissue differentiation.
2. Calitonin is secreted by the thyroid gland and maintains calcium and phosphorus blood levels by inhibiting the transfer of calcium from bone to blood, increases calcium storage in bone, and increases renal exertion of calcium and phosphorus.
3. The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone or parahormone which regulates calcium and phosphorus by stimulating the transfer of calcium from bone to blood, and inhibiting bone formation and by increasing calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion in the kidney.
4. Mineral corticosteroids such as aldosterone are secreted by the adrenal …show more content…
Symptoms of exophthalmos include: upper eyelids retracted and elevated, redness, and dry and irritated eyes.
17. Neurological effects of hyperthyroidism include: Nervousness, insomnia, delirium, fatigue, and fine tremors.
18. Cardiovascular effects of hyperthyroidism include: Systolic hypertension, bounding/rapid pulse, increased cardiac output, systolic murmurs, dysrhythmias, palpitations, atrial fibrillation, and angina.
19. Reproductive effects of hyperthyroidism include: Menstrual irregularities, amenorrhea, decreased libido, impotence, gynecomastia, and decreased fertility.
20. Thyrotoxicosis is life-threatening condition of hyperthyroidism and is often a result of stressors such as infection, trauma, or surgery.
21. Beta blockers are used to decrease the cardiovascular manifestations of hyperthyroidism.
22. Nursing diagnoses associated with hyperthyroidism are: Activity intolerance r/t fatigue and heat intolerance, Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements r/t hypermetabolism and inadequate food intake.
23. Secondary hypothyroidism is due to a failure of pituitary to release TSH and TRH
24. Symptoms related to hypothyroidism include: fatigue, lethargy, mental changes, impaired memory, and weight gain. May also have anemia and decreased cardiac output and …show more content…
Cardiovascular effects of hypothyroidism include: Decreased heart rate and force of contractions, anemia, variable blood pressure, distant heart sounds, and tendency to develop heart failure, angina, and myocardial infarction.
28. Integumentary effects of hypothyroidism include: Dry, thick and cold skin, thin/brittle nails, sparse/coarse hair, poor turgor, generalized edema, puffy face, decreased sweating, and pallor.
29. Nursing diagnosis associated with hypothyroidism include: Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements r/t calorie intake in excess of metabolic rate. Constipation r/t GI hypo-mobility. Impaired memory r/t hypo-metabolism.
30. Hyperparathyroidism causes excessive levels of circulating parathyroid hormone, leading to hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia.
31. Symptoms related to hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia includes: asymptomatic, muscle weakness, loss of appetite, constipation, fatigue, emotional disorders, and shortened attention span, osteoporosis, fractures, kidney stones, renal failure, pancreatitis, and cardiac changes.
32. Hyperparathyroidism treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing, complications caused by excess PTH, treating the underlying cause, and lowering calcium levels. These medications include Biophosphonates and calcimimetic
2. Calitonin is secreted by the thyroid gland and maintains calcium and phosphorus blood levels by inhibiting the transfer of calcium from bone to blood, increases calcium storage in bone, and increases renal exertion of calcium and phosphorus.
3. The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone or parahormone which regulates calcium and phosphorus by stimulating the transfer of calcium from bone to blood, and inhibiting bone formation and by increasing calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion in the kidney.
4. Mineral corticosteroids such as aldosterone are secreted by the adrenal …show more content…
Symptoms of exophthalmos include: upper eyelids retracted and elevated, redness, and dry and irritated eyes.
17. Neurological effects of hyperthyroidism include: Nervousness, insomnia, delirium, fatigue, and fine tremors.
18. Cardiovascular effects of hyperthyroidism include: Systolic hypertension, bounding/rapid pulse, increased cardiac output, systolic murmurs, dysrhythmias, palpitations, atrial fibrillation, and angina.
19. Reproductive effects of hyperthyroidism include: Menstrual irregularities, amenorrhea, decreased libido, impotence, gynecomastia, and decreased fertility.
20. Thyrotoxicosis is life-threatening condition of hyperthyroidism and is often a result of stressors such as infection, trauma, or surgery.
21. Beta blockers are used to decrease the cardiovascular manifestations of hyperthyroidism.
22. Nursing diagnoses associated with hyperthyroidism are: Activity intolerance r/t fatigue and heat intolerance, Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements r/t hypermetabolism and inadequate food intake.
23. Secondary hypothyroidism is due to a failure of pituitary to release TSH and TRH
24. Symptoms related to hypothyroidism include: fatigue, lethargy, mental changes, impaired memory, and weight gain. May also have anemia and decreased cardiac output and …show more content…
Cardiovascular effects of hypothyroidism include: Decreased heart rate and force of contractions, anemia, variable blood pressure, distant heart sounds, and tendency to develop heart failure, angina, and myocardial infarction.
28. Integumentary effects of hypothyroidism include: Dry, thick and cold skin, thin/brittle nails, sparse/coarse hair, poor turgor, generalized edema, puffy face, decreased sweating, and pallor.
29. Nursing diagnosis associated with hypothyroidism include: Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements r/t calorie intake in excess of metabolic rate. Constipation r/t GI hypo-mobility. Impaired memory r/t hypo-metabolism.
30. Hyperparathyroidism causes excessive levels of circulating parathyroid hormone, leading to hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia.
31. Symptoms related to hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia includes: asymptomatic, muscle weakness, loss of appetite, constipation, fatigue, emotional disorders, and shortened attention span, osteoporosis, fractures, kidney stones, renal failure, pancreatitis, and cardiac changes.
32. Hyperparathyroidism treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing, complications caused by excess PTH, treating the underlying cause, and lowering calcium levels. These medications include Biophosphonates and calcimimetic