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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why was The National Children's Agenda created?
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Awareness of aging population was occurring which led policymakers to act and improve the health of Canadian children
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What did research say about children?
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The first 5 years of child's life are critical to future health, school, social, and successful life functioning.
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Why is the National Children's Agenda important?
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The long term plan articulates a shared vision for Canadian children and aims to enhance children lives by improving physical/emotional health, personal safety and security/learning and social engagement/responsibility
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Who else does the National Children's Agenda support?
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A number of child focused research projects and development of various health/social welfare programs e.g. The National Child Benefit (NCB) and the Early Childhood Development (ECD) Initiative
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3 Main Objectives of The National Child Benefit (NCB)
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1. Prevent and reduce child poverty
2. To support parents as they move off welfare into the workforce 3. To integrate the child benefits offered by various levels of government into a single, more efficient system |
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What is the purpose of The Early Childhood Development (ECD) Initiative?
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Enables provinces, territories and first nations to develop their own early childhood development programs that aim at helping children reach their full potential by ensuring they are healthy, safe, prepared for school/socially engaged
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Child Care Services
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Include non profit and profit private daycare centres, family and paid sitters.
Critisism: Canada failed to have a national child care policy/having few child care space avaliable Universal Child Care Benefit of $1200.00 for every child under 6 a year |
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The Needs for Children in Middle Childhood (6-12)
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Face challenged related to entering the school system, choosing friends, and becoming more independent
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The Needs for Adolescent Children (13-18)
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Deal with issues relating to rapid growth and development while learning the life skills they need as adults. In addition drug, alcohol use, sexual relations
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Mental Health
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Refers to a persons capacity to think, feel and behave in ways that enhance the quality and enjoyment of life, and to effectively deal with life challenges
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What fraction of people suffer from mental health disorders?
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1/5
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What are common mental health disorders?
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ADHD, susbstance abuse, eating disorder, depression and anxiety
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Suicide
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A disturbring outcome of mental distress and the 2nd leading cause of death in the age group. Aboriginal youth are most at risk
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Non-Residential Programs/Services
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- assessment services
- creative therapy - crisis intervention - individual/family counselling |
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Residential Programs
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Exist for children and youth who are experiencing severe emotional, social or behavioural difficulties
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Mental Health Commission of Canada
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Promised a national mental health framework to help governments, organization, and other institutions develop effective child and youth oriented policies/programs
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Youth Policy
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Policies/programs designed to provide support, guidance, and opportunities to youth (Canada has no national youth policy)
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Youth Engagement Approach
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Youth benefit from participating in meaningful activities, having a voice in matters that affect them, and sharing power with adults
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2 Key Influences on How a Child Develops (physically, socially and cognitively)
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Parenting style and family type
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Parenting Style
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A parents style of caregiving can have a profound impact on a childs social, emotional, intellectual, and moral development
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Authoritative parenting
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(warm and fair) is most conductive to health developmental growth in children
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Severe parenting approaches
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harsh discipline, over controlling, or coercive behavior can lead to the development/aggressive or anti-social tendencies in children. Parenting style is more important than socioeconomic status
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Family Type
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Some belief that the traditional family offers the overall best advantage for children while others believe there is no ideal family type
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Lone Parent Families
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Account for 10% of all Canadian families with children. Female led families outnumber male led families 4-1
Risks: low income, poverty circumstances, at risk for behavioural/social/academic health, |
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Families in Divorce
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4 out 10 people in canada can expect divorce within 30 years of marriage. Had of the divorces will involve dependent children
Risk: antisocial behaviour, lower rates of education, conflicted relationships |
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Divorce Programs
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Child-focused programs: education/therapy groups help cope with divorce
Parent-focused programs: help children by educating/counselling parents Counselling programs: one to one counselling |
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Step Family
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is a family formed when divorced individuals bring a child from a previous union into a new relationship or have another child with a new partner. 11% of Canadians families with children are step families
Stressors: bonding, past unresolved conflicts, disagreement on parenting style |
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Family Violence
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The abuse of power within relationships based on intimacy, trust, kinship or dependency. Includes physical, assault, emotional abuse ect.
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Spousal Abuse
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Also called intimate partner abuse, occurs when one marital, common law/seperated partner abuses the other (physical is most common) 6% experience spousal abuse
Risk: gender, age, ethnicity |
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Canada's Family Violence Initative
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- Transition Houses short/moderate stay housing
- Second stage housing - long term housing - emergency shelter - safe homes |
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Child Maltreatment
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Normally occurs in the presence of a someone he/she trusts (parent, caregiver, teacher)
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Child abuse categories
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physical, emotional, sexual, neglect, witnessing family violence
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signs of child abuse/neglect
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- developmental delays
- mental health issues - academic decline |
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child abuse outcomes
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health problems, addictions, aggressive, difficulty working
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Parens Patriae
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latin for father of the nation. state allowed to use its authority to override parental rights and intervene on behalf of a child
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3 Levels of Prevention
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Primary Prevention - general pop, e.g. public awareness campaigns
Secondary Prevention - high risk, e.g. support groups Tertiary Prevention - victims e.g. out of home care |
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Out-of-home care options
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-kinship (grandparents)
-foster care (approved family home) - residential care (governmental based facility) |
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Temporary Care Plan
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written agreement between the parents and child welfare agency that outlines what the parent must do to have child to returned to their care (short term, up to a year)
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Rights and principles shared with canadas child welfare system and U.N's convention on the rights of the child
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- respect for that autonomy of the family
- respect for the parents responsibility for raising children - recognition of the importance of cultural heritage - respect for the rights of children |
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United Nations Convention on the rights of the child (CRC)have 3 main rights:
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- the right to protection
- the right to participation - the right to provision |
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2 CRC principles had influence on canadas child welfare legislation
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1. the principle of the right to participation
2. the principle of the best interests of the child |
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Critisisms and reforms of canada's child welfare system
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- intruding to much into the lives of families
- failing to intervene promptly enough - lacking cultural scensitivity - relying to hevily on out of home placements - ignoring social conditions that contribute to child maltreatment |
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Strength Based Approach
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a social work approach that helps families identify and build on their strengths as a means to solving problems and overcoming obstacles
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Empowerment
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A straight based approach strategy that helps people recognize, develop, and apply skills and strategies to help themselves
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