Social Welfare

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Social welfare

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This refers to how people, communities and institutions in a society take action to provide certain minimum standards and certain opportunities. It is generally about helping people face contingencies. Social welfare comprises a range of institutions involving both the provision of programs of income security and social services.

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Social services

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Non-monetary personal or community services provided by the state and non-profit organizations for members of the community, such as daycare, housing, crisis intervention, support groups for women experiencing abuse

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Social policies

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- The rules and regulations, the laws and other administrative directives, which set the framework for state social welfare activity

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Social programs

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- A detailed outline of state activity which follows and implements a specific social welfare policy. A social program outlines the funds to be spent and the purposes for which they will be spent.

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Social change mandate

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This social change mandate of social work means working in solidarity with those who are disadvantaged or excluded from society so as to eliminate the barriers, inequities and injustices that exist in society.

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Problem-solving techniques

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- An approach to social work which breaks down every problem into component parts and develops objectives which must be met in order to solve overall problem

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Empowerment -

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The sense that people can create and take action on their own behalf to meet their physical, spiritual and psychological needs.

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Social work practice -

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Work, consisting of a series or process of interventive actions, that is of benefit to those in need, especially work undertaken by trained staff. It may consist of social work with individuals, group work or community work. Social work is an action-oriented field in which individual and social change play key parts.

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Means Test

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- A test used in selective income security programs to determine eligibility based on the income of the prospective recipient. The benefit is reduced according the income level, and there is always a level at which no benefit is granted.

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Indirect social work

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- Social work of benefit to those in need, but the work is often with organizations that advocate, research, plan and implement social service and income security programs. Most often those who do indirect social work will be working with government, social service agencies or what are called advocacy or research groups, and organizations whose purpose is to advocate for and with people in need and conduct research.

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Direct social work -

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This involves working directly with people as individuals, in families or households and communities in a direct face-to-face way, i.e. counselling role.

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Institutionalization

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- Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, the segregation, institutionalization and isolation of persons with disabilities became the common method for dealing with such people.

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Residual view of social

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The view that governments should play only a limited role in the distribution of social welfare. The state should only step in when the normal sources of support fail and the individual is unable to help themselves.

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welfare -
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- A key aspect of effective social work practice is to go beyond only internal (psychological) factors and examine the relationship between individuals and their environments. This person-in-the-environment approach is partly what distinguishes social work practice from other helping professions. These environments extend beyond the immediate family and include interactions with friends, neighbourhoods, schools, religious groups, laws and legislation, other agencies or organizations, places of employment, and the economic system.

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Person-in-the-environment

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Social welfare programs funded by tax monies or through income obtained from legally mandated programs.

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Public welfare -

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Social welfare programs funded by tax monies or through income obtained from legally mandated programs.

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Private social welfare -

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Social welfare programs funded by voluntary charitable contributions of individuals and private organizations, by fees people pay for the services they receive, or which are provided by funds spent by corporations to provide social welfare services for their employees.

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Welfare state

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A system whereby the state undertakes ostensibly to protect the health and well-being of its citizens, especially those in financial need.
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Income security

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Income support in the form of demogrants, social insurance, social assistance, and income supplementation that can be unconditional or based on an income or needs test, or negative income tax.