Ch 8 Female Reproductive System

Front 1

ovaries

Back 1

pair of almond shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity. egg cells are formed and stored in the ovaries.

Front 2

ovum

Back 2

female egg cell
pl. ova

Front 3

graafian follicles

Back 3

microscopic sacs that make up a large portion of the ovaries. each follicle contains an immature ovum. normally, one graafian follicle develops to maturity monthly between puberty and menopause. it moves to the surface of the ovary and releases the ovum which passes into the uterine tube

Front 4

uterine, or fallopian, tubes

Back 4

pair of 5 inch tubes attached to the uterus that provide a passageway for hte ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus

Front 5

fimbria

Back 5

finger like projection at the free end of hte uterine tube

Front 6

uterus

Back 6

pear sized and pear shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity, except during pregnancy when it enlarges and extends up into the abdominal cavity. its functions are menstruation, pregnancy, and labor

Front 7

layers of the uterus

Back 7

endometrium: inner lining of hte uterus
myometrium: middle layer of hte uterus
perimetrium: outer layer that covers the surface of the uterus

Front 8

corpus or body of the uterus

Back 8

large central part of the uterus

Front 9

fundus

Back 9

rounded upper portion of hte uterus

Front 10

cervix

Back 10

narrow lower portion of the cervix

Front 11

vagina

Back 11

3 inch tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body

Front 12

hymen

Back 12

fold of membrane found near the opening of hte vagina

Front 13

rectouterine pouch

Back 13

pouch between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior wall of the rectum
called Douglas cul-de-sac

Front 14

bartholin glands

Back 14

glands that sit on each side of the vagina and just above the vaginal opening

Front 15

mammary glands or breasts

Back 15

pair of milk producing glands of the female. each breast consists of 15-20 divisions or lobes

Front 16

mammary papilla

Back 16

breast nipple

Front 17

areola

Back 17

pigmented area around the breast nipple

Front 18

vulva or external genitalia

Back 18

two pairs of lips (labia majora and labia minora) that surround the vagina

Front 19

clitoris

Back 19

highly erogenous erectile body located anterior to the urethra

Front 20

perineum

Back 20

pelvic floor in both the male and female. in females it usually refers to the area between the vaginal opening and the anus

Front 21

adenomyosis

Back 21

growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of hte uterus

Front 22

breast cancer

Back 22

malignant tumor of the breast

Front 23

cervical cancer

Back 23

malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cellular dysplasia to carcinoma. its cause is linked to HPV infection

Front 24

endometrial cancer

Back 24

malignant tumor of hte endometrium; also called uterine cancer

Front 25

endometriosis

Back 25

abnormal condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of hte uterus in various areas in the pelvic cavity including ovaries, uterine tubes, intestines, and uterus

Front 26

fibrocystic breast disease

Back 26

disorder characterized by one or more benign cysts in the breast.

Front 27

fibroid tumor

Back 27

benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle
also called myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma

Front 28

ovarian cancer

Back 28

malignant tumor of hte ovary

Front 29

pelvic inflammatory disease

Back 29

inflammation of hte female pelvic organs that can be caused by many different pathogens. If untreated, the infection may spread upward from teh vagina, involving hte uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries,a nd other pelvic organs. An ascending infection may result in infertility adn, in acute cases, fatal septicemia

Front 30

prolapsed uterus

Back 30

downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina

also called hysteroptosis

Front 31

toxic shock syndrome

Back 31

severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia, followed by hypotension and, in severe cases, shock and death; usually affects menstruating women using tampons; caused by staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes

Front 32

vesicovaginal fistula

Back 32

abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina

Front 33

anterior and posterior colporrhaphy (A&P repair)

Back 33

surgical repair of a weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele (protrusion of the bladder against the anteiror wall of the vagina) and a rectocele (protrusion of the rectum agains tthe posterior wall of the vagina)

Front 34

conization

Back 34

surgical removal of a cone shaped area of hte cerix. used in the treatment for noninvasive cervical cancer. also called cone biopsy

Front 35

dilation and curettage (D&C)

Back 35

dilation widening of the cervix and scraping of the endometrium with an instrument called a curette. It is performed to diagnose disease, to correct bleeding, and to empty uterine contents, such as tisse remaining after a miscarriage

Front 36

endometrial ablation

Back 36

procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser or thermal energy; used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding

Front 37

laparoscopy or laparoscopic surgery

Back 37

visual examination of the abdominal cavity accomplished by inserting a laparoscope through a tiny incision near the umbilicus. it is used for surgical procedures such as tubal sterilization (closure of the uterine tubes), hysterectomy, ooporectomy, or biopsy of hte ovaries. it may also be used to diagnose endometriosis

Front 38

myomectomy

Back 38

excision of a fibroid tumor from the uterus

Front 39

sentinel lymph node biopsy

Back 39

an injection of blue dye and or radioactive isotope used to identify the sentinel lymph nodes, the first in the axillary chain and most likely to contain metastasis

Front 40

stereotactic breast biopsy

Back 40

a technique that combines mammography adn computer assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion.

Front 41

tubal ligation

Back 41

closure of the uterine tubes for sterilization by tyling . includes cauterizing the cut

Front 42

uterine artery embolization UAE

Back 42

minimally invasive procedure used to treat fibroids of hte uterus by blocking arteries that supply blood to the fibroids. first, an arteriogram is used to identify the vessels. once identified, tiny gelatin beads, about hte size of grains of sand, are inserted into the vessels to create blockage. the blockage stops the blood supply to the fibroids causing them to shrink

Front 43

transvaginal sonography TVS

Back 43

ultrasound procedure tha tuses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, cervix, uterine tubes, and surrounding structures; used to diagnose masses such as ovarian cysts or tumors, to monitor pregnancy, adn to evaluate ovulation for the treatment of infertility

Front 44

CA-125 cancer antigen 125 tumor marker

Back 44

used to diagnose ovarian cancer. also used to monitor treatment and to determine the extent of the disease

Front 45

pap smear

Back 45

cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions used to determine the presence of abnormal or cancerous cells; most commonly used to detect cancers of the cervix

papanicolaou
smear
pap test

Front 46

dyspareunia

Back 46

difficult or painful intercourse

Front 47

fistula

Back 47

abnormal passageway between two organs or between an internal organ and the body surface

Front 48

hormone replacement therapy

Back 48

replacement of hormones estrogen and or progesterone to treat symptoms associated with menopause

Front 49

menopause

Back 49

essation of menstruation, usually around hte ages of 48-53

Front 50

premenstrual syndrome PMS

Back 50

a syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occurring i the 10 days before menstruation. symptoms include nervous tension, irritability, mastalgia, edema, and headahe. the cause is not fully understood

Front 51

speculum

Back 51

instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection

Front 52

A&P REPAIR

Back 52

anterior and posterior colporrhaphy

Front 53

Cx

Back 53

cervix

Front 54

D&C

Back 54

dilation and curettage

Front 55

FBD

Back 55

fibrocystic breast disease

Front 56

GYN

Back 56

gynecology

Front 57

HRT

Back 57

hormone replacement therapy

Front 58

PID

Back 58

pelvic inflammatory disease

Front 59

PMS

Back 59

premenstrual syndrome

Front 60

SHG

Back 60

sonohysteography

Front 61

TAH/BSO

Back 61

total abdominal hysterectomy / bilateral salingo-oophorectomy

Front 62

TSS

Back 62

toxic shock syndrome

Front 63

TVH

Back 63

total vaginal hysterectomy

Front 64

TVS

Back 64

transvaginal sonography

Front 65

UAE

Back 65

uterine artery embolization