Biology

Front 1

A stem cell is a cell that

Back 1

Can differentiate into specialized cell types.

Front 2

Stem cells in bone marrow will develope into!

Back 2

Blood cells

Front 3

A tissue is defined as:

Back 3

One or more cell types that perform a common task.

Front 4

Embyronic stem cells are pluripotent. What does this mean?

Back 4

They can give rise to any of the body cell types.

Front 5

A tissue is defined as:

Back 5

one or more cell types that perform a common task.

Front 6

An organ is defined as:

Back 6

Two or more tissues organized and capable of carrying out a specific task.

Front 7

Keeping internal conditions within tolerable limits is called:

Back 7

Homeostasis.

Front 8

What structural feature allows land animals to exchange gases?

Back 8

Lungs.

Front 9

Which of the following is not one of the four main types of tissues found in all vertebrate bodies?

Back 9

Blood.

Front 10

Which tissue type is a sheet-like tissue with kne surface always facing a body cavity or an external environment?

Back 10

Epithelial.

Front 11

What type of junction will hold epithelial tissues together?

Back 11

Tight.

Front 12

What are the projections on epithelial tissue that increase the surface area?

Back 12

Microvilli.

Front 13

What are the projections on epithelial tissue found in the upper airways that will help move mucus?

Back 13

Cilia.

Front 14

Which tissue type contains gland cells?

Back 14

Epithelial.

Front 15

What type of gland releases its product onto an internal or external surfaces?

Back 15

Exocrine.

Front 16

Biological digestion is defined as?

Back 16

breaking food down into smaller pieces that can be absorbed into cells.

Front 17

Where is the beginning of chemical digestion?

Back 17

in the mouth.

Front 18

Where is the beginning of chemical digestion?

Back 18

in the mouth.

Front 19

Where is the location of chyme production?

Back 19

gallbladder.

Front 20

Which structure is responsible for secreting digestive enzymes into small intestine and hormones into the blood?

Back 20

The pancreas.

Front 21

which is responsible for storing bile?

Back 21

Gallbladder.

Front 22

A person chokes when food becomes lodged in!

Back 22

The trachea.

Front 23

What does the stomach secretes?

Back 23

Secretes enzymes that begin to break down proteins.

Front 24

What is peristalsis?

Back 24

an involuntary smooth muscle response to swallowing.

Front 25

What might disruption of the stomachs protective mucus layer give rise to?

Back 25

Ulcers.

Front 26

Where is the longest segment of the gut?

Back 26

in the small intestine.

Front 27

What is the importance of the structure of the small intestine?

Back 27

The many folds help to increase the surface area for digestion and absorption.

Front 28

If a person does not produce bile, which macromolecule would they have the most trouble digesting?

Back 28

Fats

Front 29

If a person was not able to produce pancreatic secretions, which macromolecule would they have difficulty digesting?

Back 29

carbs,proteins,fats and nucleic acid.

Front 30

What is found in the human mouth?

Back 30

Amylase.

Front 31

On what foodstuff does the main enzyme in the mouth act?

Back 31

carbohydrates.

Front 32

What is the role of a sphincter?

Back 32

control the passage of materials.

Front 33

What is the role of a sphincter?

Back 33

control the passage of materials.

Front 34

If the first sphincter of the digestive tube does not operate properly, what condition could result?

Back 34

heartburn.

Front 35

What is the role of a sphincter?

Back 35

control the passage of materials.

Front 36

If the first sphincter of the digestive tube does not operate properly, what condition could result?

Back 36

heartburn.

Front 37

What is Not a function of the stomach?

Back 37

absorption of nutrients.

Front 38

The first sphincter encountered by food being digested is between the ____ and the _____.

Back 38

esophogus and stomach.

Front 39

What bacterium is known to cause ulcers?

Back 39

Helicobacter pylori.

Front 40

where does Protein digestion begins in?

Back 40

large intestine.

Front 41

Where does most digestion take place in?

Back 41

in the small intestine.

Front 42

What organ Do Not supply enzymes or other compounds that aid the digestive process in the small intestine?

Back 42

The large intestine.

Front 43

What is true about the bile?

Back 43

Hard pellets of bile are called gallstones.

Front 44

What ate vitamines?

Back 44

They are organic substances and are required in small amounts for normal metabolism.

Front 45

What happens when you consume too much vitamin C?

Back 45

You would eliminate it in your urine.

Front 46

What is true about concerning dietary fiber?

Back 46

Eating insoluble fiber helps prevent constipation.

Front 47

In vertebrates, what is the main function of the urinary system?

Back 47

get rid of the body of excess water and unwanted solutes.

Front 48

What does the kidney perform?

Back 48

filter water, filter mineral ions, filter rich waste and produce urine.

Front 49

Where is a channel for urine to flow from kidney to the urinary bladder?

Back 49

In the Ureter.

Front 50

Kidneys filter water and all solutes except What from the blood?

Back 50

Proteins.

Front 51

A normal urinary system consist of What?

Back 51

2 ureters.

Front 52

What is the correct path of urine out of the body?

Back 52

Kidneys to ureter to bladder to urethra.

Front 53

Blood enters the kidney through What and leaves the kidney through What?

Back 53

it enters the renal artery and leaves through the renal vein.

Front 54

What would most likely contain blood that needs to be cleansed?

Back 54

The renal artery.

Front 55

Why does someone who has consumed a lot of alcohol become dehydrated?

Back 55

Alcohol inhibits ADH secretion, which leads to an increase in urination.

Front 56

Hemodialysis involves in What?

Back 56

removing the patients blood, cleansing it, and returning it to the body.

Front 57

What is dialysis?

Back 57

exchange of solutes between two solutions that are separated by a semi-permeable membrane.

Front 58

What is Not reabsorbed by the kidneys?

Back 58

Urea.

Front 59

Where is the yellow color of urine from?

Back 59

degraded hemoglobin.

Front 60

Which of the following substance is Not secreted by an exocrine gland?

Back 60

Hormones.

Front 61

Which tissue type allows the body to detect and respond to internal and external changes?

Back 61

Nervous tissue.

Front 62

Which cell type secretes a chemical message for the purpose of cellular communication?

Back 62

Neuron.

Front 63

This type of tissue has gap junctions, single nucleus, many mitochondria and functions involantary?

Back 63

cardiac muscle.

Front 64

What form of stimulus will cause the skeletal muscles to contract and produce shivering?

Back 64

decrease in temperature.

Front 65

What protein waterproofs skin?

Back 65

keratin.

Front 66

Substances that enter a reaction are termed What?

Back 66

reactants.

Front 67

The minimum amount of energy needed to get a chemical reaction started is called What energy?

Back 67

Activation energy.

Front 68

ATP contains What?

Back 68

Phosphate.

Front 69

Which hormone contains muscle mass?

Back 69

Testosterone.

Front 70

Synthetic versions of muscle-building hormones are also known as What?

Back 70

Anabolic.

Front 71

Which of the following Lacts ducts?

Back 71

Endocrine.

Front 72

What structures protects the heart and lungs?

Back 72

Ribs and sternum.

Front 73

Which of the following hold the bones of synovial joints in place?

Back 73

Ligaments.

Front 74

What connects muscle to bone?

Back 74

A tendon.

Front 75

During excercise, which pathway produces the most energy?

Back 75

aerobic respiration.

Front 76

How does enzymes speed up reaction?

Back 76

by lowering activation energy.

Front 77

To engulf a bacterium, a WBC would use What?

Back 77

Phagocytosis.

Front 78

Movement of a substances that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is What?

Back 78

Active transport.

Front 79

DNA molecules contain protein coding sequences is called?

Back 79

Genes.

Front 80

An analysis of plasma or nuclear membrane would yield?

Back 80

phospholipids and proteins.

Front 81

The phospholipids of plasma membranes have?

Back 81

A hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails.

Front 82

Which of the following substance is released by an endocrine gland?

Back 82

Hormones.

Front 83

What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum called?

Back 83

Ribosomes.

Front 84

Before a cell divides, What must it do?

Back 84

It must duplicate.

Front 85

Body cells of human female contains What?

Back 85

2 X chromosomes.

Front 86

Body of a human Male contains What?

Back 86

one X and one Y chromosomes.

Front 87

The image of an individuals complement of chromosomes arranged by size,length,shape and centromere location is called What?

Back 87

Karyotype.

Front 88

Th building blocks of nucleic acids are What?

Back 88

nucleotides.

Front 89

What nitrogen containing bases is Not found in molecule of DNA?

Back 89

Uracil.

Front 90

What sugar molecule is involved in the structure of DNA?

Back 90

deoxyribose.

Front 91

What does the C stand for in the ACTGG nucleotide sequence?

Back 91

cytosine.

Front 92

The structure of a DNA molecule is analogous to a What?

Back 92

Ladder.

Front 93

What tissue type is most likely to become cancerous?

Back 93

Epithelial.

Front 94

The most common source of DNA mutation is What?

Back 94

pesticides on the food we eat.

Front 95

Names

Back 95

Study those above.

Front 96

Front (Term)

Back 96

Study above.

Front 97

Front (Term)

Back 97

Study above.

Front 98

What is the most abundant tissue type in the human body?

Back 98

Connective tissue.

Front 99

What is composed of dense connective tissue?

Back 99

Cartilage.

Front 100

What body region is composed of cartilage?

Back 100

nose,outer ear,wind pipe and embyronic skeleton.

Front 101

Names

Back 101

Study those above.

Front 102

Front (Term)

Back 102

Study above.

Front 103

Front (Term)

Back 103

Study above.