Biology 348 Human Anatomy Exam I

Front 1

Haversian systems are best described as consisting of
A) concentric rings of tissue of boney lamellae, osteocytes, and a sometimes branching central canal containing vessels and nerves.
B) branching canals that allow for cellular nutrition
C) tubular arrangements of osteoblasts and osteocytes
D) non-living calcified systems of inter-connected tubules bringing nutrients to each cell of the bony tissue.

Back 1

A

Front 2

The reason that intervertebral disks exhibit a large amount of tensile strength and adsorb shock well is because they posses-
A) hydroxyapatite crystals
B) collagen fibers
C) reticular fibers
D) vertebrae
E) air bubbles

Back 2

B
collagen fibers

(Hydroxylapatite is the major component of tooth enamel and bone mineral)

Front 3

Which system best describes the connective tissue?
A) usually contains a large amount of matrix.
B)are always arranged in a single layer of cells
C) is primarily concerned with secretion
D) usually lines a body cavity
E) functions to connect important components of the body

Back 3

A. usually contains a large amount of matrix

Front 4

Multicellular exocrine glands can be classified
A) structurally into ductless and nervous tissue
B) structurally inot ductless and ducted types
C) as merocrine, holocrine and apocrine kinds.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Back 4

C) As merocrine, holocrine and apocrine kinds

Front 5

Epithelial tissue
A) is always arranged in a single layer of cells
B) contains large amounts of non-cellular material
C) is usually composed of laters of cells covered by matrix
D) has one of its surfaces exposed to the exterior of the body or to a body cavity or other cavity
E) always has a ectodermal origin

Back 5

D. has one of its surfaces exposed to the exterior of the body or to a body cavity of other cavity

Front 6

When preparing tissues for sectioning so they can be examined histologically, the tissues are first-
A) infiltrated by hot molten metal
B) exposed to many xylene-soluable chemicals that stain tissue components
C) dehydrated by passing them through multiple changes of ethyl alcohol
D) immersed in a fixing solution that causes permanent changes in the proteins
E) all of the above

Back 6

D) immersed in a "fixing solution" that causes permanant changes in the proteins structure

Front 7

Which choice below most accurately reflects what tissues are

A) a collection of the same kinds of cells performing the same functions
B) an association of cells and cell organelles performing a similar function
C) groups of cells and cell organelles performing a similar function
D) the functional units of organisms
E) subsets of organs (portions of organs)

Back 7

B) an association of cells and non living cell products that work together to perform one or more functions.

Front 8

Tissues in general are classified largely on the basis of
A) their location in the body
B) their specific functions
C) tehir structure (the arrangement of cells and cell products)
D) whether or not they contain fibers and the kinds of fibers they contain
E) whether or not they are living

Back 8

C) their structure (the arrangement of cells and cell products.

see Histology slide page 5

Front 9

In glands that are said to be merocrine in their secretory mechanism-
A) secretions originate in the nucleus, are stored in the cytoplasm and are released when the bi-lipid layer of the cell membrane ruptures.
B) the secretions collect as soluble molecules in the cell membranes and then are pushed out of the cell as large portions of the cell membranes breakaway.
C) are rare in the body and occur only if a few kinds of skin glands such as sebaceous glands
D) all of the avove
E) none of the above

Back 9

E) none of the above
Merocrine is a classification of exocrine gland that travels thru a duct into a surface (lumen or skin)

A) is a description of holocrine
B) is a description of apocrine
C) its totally not rare bc it is mode of salivary secretions, sweat glands and pancreatic
D) nope

* caution the answer key on exam 2007 says D, but it is E according to exam 2006 and my assessment.

Front 10

Adipose tissue can be recognized histologically because
A) its cells have peculiar shaped nuclei that are responsible for the cell function
B) of its very specialized locations in the body
C) of its large vacuoles filled with lipids
D) of its fundamentally unstable nature (its always forming and reforming)
E) none of the above

Back 10

C) its large vacuoles filled with lipids

Front 11

Hyaline cartilage can be recognized visually because of
A) its special arrangement of protein fibers
B) its very limited locations in the body
C) its ability of allow much light through its mass, making it quite translucent
D) its bluish color
E)its temporary nature

Back 11

C
its ability to allow much light through its mass, making it quite translucent

Front 12

The most abundant kind of epidermal cell is-

A) keratinocytes
B) the granulosum cell
C) stratified squamous epithelium
D) melanocytes
E) Langerhans cells

Back 12

A) keratinocyes

Front 13

Embryonic germ layers make up the entire body of
A) embryos
B) very early embryos
C) embryos and certain adult tissues as well
D) both epithelial and connective tissues
E) certain regions of older embryos

Back 13

B) Very early embryos, he was saying early trimesters.

Front 14

A structural protein that is important in nearly all specific kinds of connective tissues, including cartilage and bone is-
A) keratin
B) collagen
C) amino acids
D) DNA
E) elastin

Back 14

B) collagen

Front 15

In which layer of the skin are you most likely to find large numbers of cells undergoing mitosis?
A) stratum corneum
B) stratum lucidum
C) stratum basale
D) reticular layer of the dermis
E) superficial laters

Back 15

C) stratum basale

Front 16

What is the function of the Pacinian corpuscle?
A) holding the dermis to the epidermis
B) filling in the spaces between the cells
C) deep touch
D) light touch
E) secretion

Back 16

C) deep touch

detect gross pressure changes and vibrations and are rapidly adapting (phasic) receptors

Front 17

The fibers found in connective tissues
A) occur extra-celluarly
B) are considered living constituents
C) consist of mainly fibrin with some elstin and reticular fibers
D)all of the above
E) none of the above

Back 17

D) all of the above

Front 18

Glands of the body are composed largely of-
A) secretory connective tissue
B) tissue that must ultimately die in order to perform its functions
C) tissues that produce substances that eventually diffuse into the blood
D) epithelial tissues
E) connective tissues

Back 18

D) epithelial tissues

Front 19

A synonym for an endocrine gland is
A) luckless gland
B) ductless gland
C) semi-permeable scretory tissue
D) merocrine gland
E) secretory modules

Back 19

B) ductless gland

Front 20

The science that relies largely on the light microscope and the electron microscope to study the structure or tissues is-
A) cytology
B) micro-physiology
C) histology
D) cytology
E) none of the above

Back 20

C) histology

Front 21

The best name for this layer is (be specific) (24)
A) epidermis
B) stratum epiderminum
C) stratum corneum
D) cuticular layer
E) keratin

Back 21

C) stratum corneum

Front 22

Name this layer be specific (25)
A) Stratum spinosum
B) Stratum granulosum
C) stratum basale
D) stratum pinacheum
E) none of the above

Back 22

B) stratum granulosum

Front 23

(Be specific, label indicates the epidermal layer immediately below #25) (26)
A) stratum spinosum
B) stratum levatum
C) stratum basale
D) stratum pinacheum
E) none of the above

Back 23

A) stratum spinosum