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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where are sphingolipids found?
What part has the highest concentration of sphingolipids? |
blood and nearly all body tissues
white matter of CNS |
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What is spingosine naturally found as?
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ceramide
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what sets apart sphingomyelin?
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only sphingolipid that contains a phosphate ester bridge and is a major component of nervous tissue membranes
excess amounts found in patients with Niemann-Pick disease |
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What is special about glycosphingolipids?
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contain galactose or glucose polar head groups instead of choline phosphate ester
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Where is galactocerebroside predominately found>
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brain of healthy individuals
Krabes disease has an increased amount of galactocerebroside due to deficiency in galactocerebrosidase |
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What important role does cholesteral play in cell membranes?
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It stabilizes cell membrane by stiffening the lipid bilayer
found in all plasma and intracellular membranes as well as myelinated structures of the brain and CNS. only small amounds in mitochondra membrane |
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What is significant about the HMG CoA reductase?
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target for virtually all statins
statins lower plasma cholesterol levels mainly in the liver and can decreases plasma cholesterol up to 50% |
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Name two statins that inhibit the HMG Coa Reductase?
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Lovasatin and Pravastatin
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What does HMG CoA Reductase help create?
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Melvonate
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What step in cholesterol biosynthesis does HMG CoA play?
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rate determining step of cholesterol biosynthesis
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Where are sphingolipids found?
What part has the highest concentration of sphingolipids? |
blood and nearly all body tissues
white matter of CNS |
|
|
What is spingosine naturally found as?
|
ceramide
|
|
|
what sets apart sphingomyelin?
|
only sphingolipid that contains a phosphate ester bridge and is a major component of nervous tissue membranes
excess amounts found in patients with Niemann-Pick disease |
|
|
What is special about glycosphingolipids?
|
contain galactose or glucose polar head groups instead of choline phosphate ester
|
|
|
Where is galactocerebroside predominately found>
|
brain of healthy individuals
Krabes disease has an increased amount of galactocerebroside due to deficiency in galactocerebrosidase |
|
|
What important role does cholesteral play in cell membranes?
|
It stabilizes cell membrane by stiffening the lipid bilayer
found in all plasma and intracellular membranes as well as myelinated structures of the brain and CNS. only small amounds in mitochondra membrane |
|
|
What is significant about the HMG CoA reductase?
|
target for virtually all statins
statins lower plasma cholesterol levels mainly in the liver and can decreases plasma cholesterol up to 50% |
|
|
Name two statins that inhibit the HMG Coa Reductase?
|
Lovasatin and Pravastatin
|
|
|
What does HMG CoA Reductase help create?
|
Melvonate
|
|
|
What step in cholesterol biosynthesis does HMG CoA play?
|
rate determining step of cholesterol biosynthesis
|
|
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What is HDL
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high density lipoprotein
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what is LDL
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low density lipoprotein
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what is the difference between HDL and LDL
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HDL has a high conc. cholesterol and a low density of triacylgylcerol and is responsible for transpotring excess cholesterol to liver for furthur metabolism to bile salts
LDL is responsible for regulating cholesterol synthesis by transporting cholesterol, cholesterol esters and triacylglycerols from one tissue to another. Once in the liver the liver recognizes the amount of cholesterol and determines whether or not to synthesis more. Liver regulates HMG CoA reductase |
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What are lipoproteins?
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spherical particles that have polar head groups of phospho and sphingolipids and are arrayed at the surface and very hydrophobic molecules such as cholesterol esters are buried into the hydrophobic regions. -acts like micelles
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