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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Histology
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Study of microscopic anatomy
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4 tissue classes
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Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue Muscular tissue neural tissue |
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Epithelial Tissue
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-1 or more layers of closely adhering cells
- avascular Found: Skin, lines body cavities, forms linings of many organs, bulk of most glands |
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Functions of Epithelial Tissue
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Protection - skin
Sensory Perception - skin Filtration - kidneys Lubrication - GI tract Secretions - nasal membranes Digestion - GI tract Absorption - GI tract Excretion - urinary tract Reproduction - fallopian tubes |
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Lumen
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The internal space of a hollow organ such as a blood vessel or the esophagus
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Apical surface
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Uppermost surface of an epithelial cell, usually exposed to the lumen
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Basal surface
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bottom surface of an epithelial cell that faces the basement membrane
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basement membrane
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thin layer that anchors the epithelium to the connective tissue using adhesive
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Simple Squamous
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- single layer of cells shaped like a fried egg with the nucleus bulging.
- Allows rapid diffusion or transport of substances through the membrane, secrete serous fluid - located in alveoli |
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Simple Cubiodal
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- Single layer or square or round cells. In glands arranged like segments of an orange. Spherical, central nucleus
- Absorption and secretion, production and movement of mucus - located in glands (liver, thyroid, mammary etc) |
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Simple Columnar
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- SIngle layer of tall, narrow cells. Oval nuclei, usually in basal part of cell. May have goblet cells
- Absorption, secretion of mucus, movement of egg & embryo in uterine tube. - inner lining of stomach, intestines, uterus |
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Stratified Squamous
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- multiple cell layers becoming increasingly flat toward surface. Keratinized surfaced covered with dead cells.
- resists abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms. Keratinized retards water loss - epidermis, tongue, vagina |
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Stratified Cuboidal
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- Two or more layers of square or round cells
- sweat secretion, produces sperm - sweat glands, egg follicles, seminiferous tubules |
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Transitional Epithelium
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- resembles stratified squamous, but surface is rounded rather than flattened.
- Stretches to allow filling of urinary tract - bladder, ureters |
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Ground (interfibrillar) substance
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found between fibers and cells. Gelatinous to rubber consistency, absorbs compressive forces and protects delicate cells from injury.
Contains glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans |
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Collagen Fibers
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White fibers. Tough, flexible, resist stretching.
Found in tendons, ligaments |
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Reticular Fibers
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Thin collagen fibers coated with glycoproteins.
Form sponge-like framework for spleen & lymph nodes |
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Elastic Fibers
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Yellow fibers. thin branching fibers made of elastin that stretch and recoil.
Provide elasticity in the skin, lungs, and arteries |
