Bio 20 Circulatory Terms

Front 1

What is the Circulatory System and what are its main functions?

Back 1

It's a system that moves blood throughout the body. It carries nutrients to cells. Co2 (waste) away from the cells, and chemical messages (Hormones) from cells in one part of the body to distant target tissues.

Front 2

Artery

Back 2

Blood Vessel that carries blood away from the heart.

Front 3

Pulse

Back 3

Change in the diameter of the arteries following heart contractions

Front 4

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 4

The part of the nervous system that controls the motor nerves to maintain an equilibrium. It's not under conscious control.

Front 5

Vasoconstriction

Back 5

The narrowing of blood vessels.

Front 6

Vasodilation

Back 6

The expanding of blood vessels.

Front 7

Arthersclerosis

Back 7

A degeneration of blood vessels caused by the accumulation of fat deposits in the inner wall.

Front 8

Arteriosclerosis

Back 8

A group of disorders that cause the blood vessels to thicken, harden, and lose their elasticity.

Front 9

Aneurysm

Back 9

A bulge in the weakened wall of a blood vessel, usually an artery.

Front 10

Capillaries

Back 10

Sites where fluids and gases exchange between blood and body cells

Front 11

Vein

Back 11

A blood vessel that brings blood back to the heart.

Front 12

Valve

Back 12

A membranous fold or other structure that controls the flow of fluid.

Front 13

Septum

Back 13

Wall of muscle that separates the right and left side of the heart

Front 14

Pulmonary Circulatory System

Back 14

System of blood vessels that carries deoxygenated to lungs, and oxygenated blood back to the heart

Front 15

Systemic Circulatory System

Back 15

System of blood vessels that carries oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body, and dexygenated blood back to the heart.

Front 16

Atrium

Back 16

A thin walled chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins.

Front 17

Ventricle

Back 17

A muscular, thick walled chamber of the heart that delivers blood to the arteries.

Front 18

Atrioventricular (AV) Valve

Back 18

Heart valve that prevents the back flow of blood from a ventricle into an atrium.

Front 19

Semilunar Valve

Back 19

A valve that prevents back flow of blood from an artery into a ventricle.

Front 20

Aorta

Back 20

Largest artery in the body.

Carries oxygenated blood to the tissues.

Front 21

Coronary Artery

Back 21

An artery that supplies the cardiac muscle with oxygen and nutrients.

Front 22

Myogenic Muscle

Back 22

Muscle that contracts without external nerve stimulation.

Front 23

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

Back 23

A small mass of tissue in the right atrium that originates the impulses stimulating the heartbeat

Front 24

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

Back 24

A small mass of tissue in the atrioventricular region through which impulses from the sinoatrial node are passed into the ventricles.

Front 25

Purkinje Fibre

Back 25

A nerve fibre that branches and carries electrical impulses throughout the ventricles.

Front 26

Sympathetic Nervous System

Back 26

Increases heart rate. Prepares body for stress.

Front 27

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Back 27

Decreases heart rate. Allows body to go back to it's normal levels after stress.

Front 28

Diastole

Back 28

When blood vessels relax. Or the relaxation of the heart, during which the atrium fills with blood.

Front 29

Systole

Back 29

When blood vessels contract. Or the contraction of the heart, during which blood is pushed out of the heart.

Front 30

Cardiac Output

Back 30

The amount of blood pumped from the heart each minute:

heart rate X stroke volume = cardiac output

Front 31

Stroke Volume

Back 31

The quantity of blood pumped with each beat of the heart.

Front 32

Sphygmomanometer

Back 32

Device used to measure blood pressure.

Front 33

Thermoregulation

Back 33

Maintenance of body temperature within a range that enables cells to function efficiently.

Front 34

Hypothalmus

Back 34

Area of the brain that coordinates many nerve and hormone functions.

Front 35

Extracellular Fluid

Back 35

Fluid that occupies the spaces between cells and tissues; includes plasma and interstitial fluid.

Front 36

Lymphocyte

Back 36

A white blood cell that produces antibodies.

Front 37

Filtration

Back 37

The selective movement of materials through capillary walls by a pressure gradient

Front 38

Spleen

Back 38

A lymphoid organ that acts as a reservoir for blood and a filtering site for lymph.

Front 39

Lymph

Back 39

A fluid found in lymph vessels that contains some proteins that have leaked through the capillary walls.

Front 40

Thymus gland

Back 40

A lymphoid organ in which T-lymphocytes mature

Front 41

Lymph Node

Back 41

A mass tissue that stores lymphocytes and removes bacteria and foreign particles in the lymph