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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A birth defect reducing the efficiency of the heart that can be treated by surgery
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Hole in the heart
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A common childhood disease involving sensitivity of the airways and a tendency to wheeze - often caused by allergens like house dust mite
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Asthma
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A disease, mainly affecting menopausal women, that causes the progressive demineralisation of bone
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Osteoporosis
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A drug that is used to reduce the risk of blood clot formation in people who are prone to them
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Warfarin
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A drug that prevents the immune system from working properly - used to reduce the risk of organ rejection following transplantation
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Immunosuppressive drug
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A general term describing a control loop where the increase or decrease in a variable acts to reduce the shift from the desired value
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Negative feedback
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A genetic condition that causes sticky mucus in the lungs and leaves sufferers very prone to infection
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Cystic fibrosis
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A hormone involved in the fight or flight response. Raises heart rate and shuts down blood supply to non-vital organs
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Adrenaline
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A human genetic abnormality where an embryo develops with three copies of chromosome 21
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Down's syndrome
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A measure of the electrical activity of the heart sensed using electrodes on the chest
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Electrocardiograph
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A mechanical device that can temporarily take over the function of the heart while a patient waits for a donor heart to become available
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Heart assist device
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A more primitive system where blood only passes through the heart once for each circuit of the body
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Single circulatory system
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A non-invasive way of imaging the heart using sound waves
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Echocardiogram
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A progressive an disabling lung disease caused by exposure to mineral fibres
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Asbestosis
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A way of checking that the growth of a child is normal
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Average growth chart
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A widely used immunosuppressive drug obtained from a fungus that has greatly improved the outcome of organ transplants
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Cyclosporine
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A woman who agrees to have a baby on behalf of an infertile woman
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Surrogate
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Abbreviation for electrocardiograph
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ECG
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An artificial portable device for supplying the heart with the electrical impulses it needs to maintain regular contractions
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Pacemaker
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An every day drug for treating aches and pains that is very useful in reducing blood clotting by inhibiting platelets
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Aspirin
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Antibodies that lead to cross-linking and clumping of red blood cells - causes problems in mismatched blood transfusions
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Agglutinins
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Apparatus for gaseous exchange in the fish
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Gill
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Artificially placing concentrated sperm high in the uterus to increase the chances of fertilisation taking place
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Artificial insemination
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Branch of medicine involving operations to treat disease
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Surgery
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Bringing egg and sperm together under controlled conditions in the laboratory to increase the likelihood of fertilisation
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In-vitro fertilisation
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Characteristic of warm-blooded animals, where blood passes through the heart twice for every complete circuit of the body
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Double circulatory system
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Complete replacement of a diseased heart with a healthy one obtained from a donor who has died of other causes
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Heart transplant
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Describes a joint between two bones that is bounded by a tough capsule and contains lubricating fluid
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Synovial
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Describes any condition affecting males or females that results in difficulty conceiving
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Infertility
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Device that can take over gas exchange and blood circulation for a short period during a major heart or heart and lung operation
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Heart and lung machine
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Device that causes breathing to continue even if a patient's breathing muscles are no longer functioning
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Iron lung
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Device used to measure breathing volumes and oxygen consumption rates
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Spirometer
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Drug used to prevent blood clotting during operations or medical procedures
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Heparin
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Energy-requiring process in the kidney where valuable substances such as glucose are taken back up from the urine
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Selective reabsorption
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Fluids that carries nitrogenous waste from the body in mammals
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Urine
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Genetic disease affecting the ability of the blood to clot
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Haemophilia
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Growth deficiency caused by a lack of hormones or an inability to respond to them
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Dwarfism
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Growth that is significantly greater than normal often caused by over production of growth hormone
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Gi(g)antism
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Hormone produced by the pituitary gland that regulates growth
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Growth hormone
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Hormone produced by the pituitary gland that regulates water reabsorption in the kidney
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Antidiuretic hormone
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Hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates ripening of an egg in the ovary
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Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
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Hormone produced by the pituitary gland that triggers ovulation
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Luteinising hormone
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Muscle between the ribs that help us to breath by regulating chest cavity volume
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Intercostal muscles
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Muscle that acts to extend the forearm
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Triceps
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Muscle that acts to raise forearm
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Biceps
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Muscles that work in pairs
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Antagonistic muscles
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Organ involved in urine production and regulation of water balance in the body
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Kidney
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Smooth connective tissue that lines joints and that is used as the foundation for bone
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Cartilage
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Surgery where a blood vessel from one part of the body is used to allow blood to flow round a blockage in a vessel supplying the heart muscle
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Bypass
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Taking a sample of foetal cells to check for genetic abnormalities or inherited diseases
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Foetal screening
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The air in the lung that cannot be exhaled
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Residual air
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The ball of capillaries that provide the basic filtration unit in the kidney
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Glomerulus
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The building blocks of proteins
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Amino acids
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The interface between two bones
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Joint
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The liquid portion of the blood left after it has clotted
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Blood serum
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The main biological pacemaker for the heart that starts the heart beat by sending an electrical impulse through the atria
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Sino-atrial node
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The maximum volume of air that can be exchanged with very deep breathing
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Vital capacity
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The peas-sized master control gland situated just under the hypothalamus in the brain
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Pituitary gland
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The process of bone mineralisation
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Ossification
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The process of detoxification in the kidney
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Dialysis
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The secondary pacemaker controlling the heart beat.
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Atrio-ventricular node
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The sequence of events, usually lasting 28 days, that regulates human female fertility
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Menstrual cycle
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The sequence of muscle contractions and relaxation that pumps the blood
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Cardiac cycle
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The structure that collects the filtrate in the kidney
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Capsule
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The volume of air exchanged each breath under normal resting circumstances
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Tidal air
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This long structure carries the filtrate from the capsule to the pelvis of the kidney where it is collected into the ureter
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Tubule
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Tough fibrous tissue that connects bones together in joints
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Ligament
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Very active organ involved in detoxification and production of urea
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Liver
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Way of sampling material from the womb to allow screening of the foetus for genetic abnormalities
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Amniocentesis
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What happens when a recipient's immune system recognises a transplanted organ as a foreign material
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Rejection
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