Apush Period 1 Test

Front 1

Mayans

Back 1

Cultivated maize, built cities in rainforests in central America (Guatemala, belize, Southern mexico), calendar

Front 2

Aztecs

Back 2

Large powerful empire in Mexico and central America, cultivated maize

Front 3

Incas

Back 3

Peru and south America, cultivated potatoes

Front 4

Algonquian

Back 4

Language family for tribes in the northeast

Front 5

Siouan

Back 5

Language family from the great plains

Front 6

Anasazi

Back 6

Tribe in southwest settlements

Front 7

Pueblos

Back 7

Tribe in southwest settlements

Front 8

Hokokam

Back 8

Tribe in southwest settlements

Front 9

Longhouses

Back 9

Permanent plank houses (large)

Front 10

Horses

Back 10

Introduced by Spanish settlers, made nomadic life easier for many in the great plains

Front 11

Lakota sioux

Back 11

Great plains tribe that switched from framing to hunting because they could easily use horses to follow buffalo

Front 12

Adena-hopewell

Back 12

Woodland American Indians from Ohio famous for building large earthen mounds; their descendents settled in new York

Front 13

Iroquois Confederation

Back 13

Political union of seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Mohawk tribes in new york; battled rival indian and europeans; powerful until the American Revolution

Front 14

Printing press

Back 14

Printing press, adopted form Chinese; aided spread of knowledge

Front 15

Isabella and Ferdinand

Back 15

Funded Columbus's voyage to conquer land for Spain and find a new trade route to asia; conquered the moors

Front 16

Protestant reformation

Back 16

Northern European revolt against the pope; created a new version of Christianity

Front 17

Henry the navigator

Back 17

Prince of portugal; sponsored exploration that opened up alroute to asia around the Cape of good hope

Front 18

Slave trade

Back 18

During 15th century the Portuguese imported slaves from the west indies to work on sugar plantations

Front 19

Nation states

Back 19

Countries in which the majority share a common culture and loyalty to central government. Ex: holy Roman Empire split into countries such as spain and Italy

Front 20

Disease

Back 20

Natives had no immunity to European diseases- killed millions

Front 21

Line of demarcation

Back 21

Line drawn by the pope splitting the Americas (or the land already explored) in half between spain and Portugal.

Front 22

Treaty of tordesillas

Back 22

Spain and Portugal agreed to move the line of demarcation a few degrees to the west so portugal could have all of Brazil, but this unknowingly left spain with all the undiscovered territory to the west

Front 23

Conquistadors

Back 23

Conquerors that secured Spain's (initial) great power in the americas; brought back silver an dgold making spain the most powerful nation in europe.

Front 24

Encomienda system

Back 24

Spainiards were given and and Indians to work the land in exchange for caring for the natives-> corrupt system because profits went to Spaniards and the natives were mistreated. Spanish at top, slaves at the bottom

Front 25

Asiento system

Back 25

Reduction of native population led Spanish to import west Africans for labor. For each slave imported, a tax was payed to the king

Front 26

Bartolome d Las Casas

Back 26

Spanish priest qnd former indian slave holder that became an advocate for the Indians; convinced king to institute the new laws of 1542

Front 27

New Laws of 1542

Back 27

Ended indian slavery and weakened encomienda system

Front 28

Valladolid debate

Back 28

Debate about Indian rights where neither side won but it started a discussion; bartolome argued enslavement was unjust because Indians are humans, Juan gines de Sepulveda argued Indians benefitted from enslavement

Front 29

Juan gines de Sepulveda

Back 29

Argued against indian rights