A&p Chapter 15 & Pharm 17

Front 1

3 general functions of blood

Back 1

transportation regulation and protection

Front 2

what happens to tissue if its deprived of oxygen

Back 2

tissue suffers necrosis

Front 3

how does vasodialtion affect temp

Back 3

brings blood to the surface and allows heat to dissapate

Front 4

how does vasoconstriction affect temp

Back 4

shunts blood to the core of the body and preserves heat

Front 5

what gets seperated in the blood hematocrit

Back 5

Plasma, buffy coat, RBC's

Front 6

the buffy coats is the thin layer between the

Back 6

plasma and RBC's

Front 7

whole blood viscosity is

Back 7

3-5 times thicker than H2o

Front 8

hemopoiesis is the process of

Back 8

blood cell production

Front 9

what are the 2 locations of hemopoiesis?

Back 9

myeloid in red bone marrow and lymphoid in lymph tissue

Front 10

eryhtropoiesis is the production of

Back 10

RBC's

Front 11

Leukopoiesis is the production of

Back 11

WBC's

Front 12

thrombopoesis is the production of

Back 12

platelets

Front 13

myeloid hemopoiesis produces

Back 13

RBC's, WBC's and platelets

Front 14

lymph tissue only produces

Back 14

lymphocytes (a type of WBC)

Front 15

leukemia is a type of blood

Back 15

cancer

Front 16

bone marrow aspiration is needed for a true diagnosis of

Back 16

Leukemia

Front 17

in sickle cell anemia the RBC cannot bend and slide through

Back 17

vessels

Front 18

In sickle cell anemia the patient will have pain from head to toe because theres not enough

Back 18

o2

Front 19

bone marro wdepression occurs if bone marrow cannot produce enough blood

Back 19

cells

Front 20

Bone marrow depression is also called

Back 20

myelosuppression

Front 21

a person with leukopenia is susceptible to

Back 21

infection

Front 22

a person with thrombocytopenia is at high risk for

Back 22

hemorrhage

Front 23

overactive bonemarrow leads to

Back 23

excess rbc production called polycythemia

Front 24

Polycythemia vera can burden the heart

Back 24

overwhelms clotting system and causes beet red face and palms

Front 25

Secondary polycythemia is chronic hypoxia

Back 25

there o2 is always low

Front 26

RBC are oxygen

Back 26

carriers

Front 27

Characteristics of RBC

Back 27

large disc-shaped, bendable, contains hemoglobin, heme carries iron, iron carries O2, each globin chain carries a heme.

Front 28

erythroprotin helps the body to

Back 28

produce RBC and works along with the kidney

Front 29

o2 binds loosely to the iron in the hemoglobin so the o2 is easily

Back 29

released at the tissue level

Front 30

if globbin is misshapen, the RBC will be Misshappen as in

Back 30

sickle cell anemia

Front 31

oxyhemoglobin the o2 binds loosely with iron and makes blood

Back 31

bright red, lack of o2 makes blood bluish-red

Front 32

carbon monoxide binds to the iron site, like oxygen, causeing

Back 32

blood to become cherry red

Front 33

why does co poisioning make the patient hypoxemic but not cyanotic

Back 33

co binds to iron, which makes the blood bright red but it prevents the carrying of oxygen

Front 34

Erythroprotin is a hormone secreted by the kidneys, a high rate of production of RBC in response to failing levels of

Back 34

O2 in tissues

Front 35

it is important for the RBC to bend so that it can fit through the

Back 35

capillaries

Front 36

why would a patient in kidney failure often be anemic?

Back 36

the person cannot produce enough EPO, and thus cannot produce RBC's

Front 37

the normal RBC lives about

Back 37

120 days, then must be dismantled, many parts are recycled

Front 38

hemoglobin is broken down into

Back 38

globin and heme

Front 39

heme is broken down and iron is

Back 39

recycled

Front 40

the other byproduct of heme that is broken down is billirubin

Back 40

which is normally excreted in the bile

Front 41

hemolysis is excess

Back 41

destruction of RBC's

Front 42

Hyperbillirubinemia is elevated levels of

Back 42

billirubin in the blood, which causes jaundice

Front 43

why does a stone in the common bile duct cause jaundice?

Back 43

the stone blocks excretion of billirubin in the bile, causing hyperbillirubinemia and jaundice

Front 44

how would the jaundice resulting from a bile duct obstruction be relived?

Back 44

removal of the stone will relive the jaundice

Front 45

Anemia is

Back 45

insufficent RBC's

Front 46

RBC production falters if

Back 46

conditions are disordered or necessary substances are missing

Front 47

the absence of iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid causes

Back 47

anemia

Front 48

a healthy bone marrow, genetic code, and functioning kidneys are necessary for

Back 48

RBC production

Front 49

rapid hemolysis

Back 49

can also cause anemia

Front 50

white blood cells (wbc's) protect the body against

Back 50

infection and inflammation

Front 51

phagocytes can leave the area

Back 51

and travel to the site of inflammation and infection and fight disease

Front 52

Two types of phagocytes

Back 52

neutrophils and monocytes(agranulocyte)

Front 53

Leukocytosis is excess WBC's a response to

Back 53

infection and myelosuppression

Front 54

WBC's are classified according to the presence or absence of

Back 54

microscopic granules in the WBC's

Front 55

If a granulocyte is a rose colored stain than its a

Back 55

eosinophil

Front 56

if the granulocyte takes a blue stain its called

Back 56

basophil

Front 57

A neutrohpil takes

Back 57

no stain

Front 58

Granulocytopenia is a

Back 58

deficiency of any granulocyte but usually of neutrophils

Front 59

Neutropenia is a deficiency of

Back 59

neutrophils

Front 60

platelets are also called

Back 60

thrombocytes

Front 61

platelets are produced in

Back 61

red bone marrow

Front 62

a platelet helps in the formation of a blood

Back 62

clot

Front 63

platelets have a lifespan of

Back 63

5-9 days

Front 64

why would a paitent be advised to stop taking NSAIDS 2 weeks prior to surgery?

Back 64

nsaids are antiplatelet drugs, an adequate supply of platelets is needed for homeostasis

Front 65

homeostasis

Back 65

stopping bleeding

Front 66

vascular spasm is a blood

Back 66

vessel thats injured, smooth muscle contracts

Front 67

a platelet plug means the platelt

Back 67

becomes sticky

Front 68

coagulatio is a net

Back 68

like structure of RBC's creating a blood clot

Front 69

smooth muscle in a blood vessel wall responds to injury

Back 69

by

contracting this is called vascular spasm

Front 70

fibrinoysis is clot

Back 70

breakdown

Front 71

coumadin interferes with the uptake of

Back 71

vitamin k in the hepatic synthesis of prothrombin

Front 72

heparin is a

Back 72

antithrombin agent

Front 73

3 stages of a blood clot

Back 73

1. injured vessel/ pta/ ca2

2. prothrombin (c) to thrombin (h)

3. fibrinogen-blood clot

Front 74

pta forms the

Back 74

group/clot

Front 75

tpa

Back 75

breaks down like toilet paper

Front 76

vitamin k is an antidote to

Back 76

coumadin

Front 77

arthrosclerosis is the making of bad clots

Back 77

over the years

Front 78

why are patients with heart disease advised to take low dose aspirin each day

Back 78

aspirin therapy helps prevent clot formation

Front 79

clotting

Back 79

bodys natural defense against bleeding

Front 80

thrombus

Back 80

clot formed in heart or blood vessel

Front 81

embolus

Back 81

traveling clump composed of clot/air bubble/ or other substance

Front 82

thrombolytic drugs

Back 82

dissolve clots

Front 83

MI is caused by

Back 83

thrombus in coronary artery

Front 84

stroke is caused by

Back 84

thrombus in cerebral artery

Front 85

pulmonary embolism is a clot in the

Back 85

lungs

Front 86

VTE (venous thromboembolism) affects veins in lower

Back 86

legs blockin blood flowback to heart