Amh 2020 Test 3

Front 1

The first confrontation of the Cold War took place in

Back 1

the Middle East, when Soviet troops occupied northern Iran seeking access to oil fields

Front 2

The Truman Doctrine

Back 2

committed the United States to fighting communism anywhere

Front 3

How did Soviets defend the installation of communist governments in Poland, Romania, and Bulgaria?

Back 3

They claimed that this type of domination was no different than the U.S. influence in Latin America

Front 4

Japan's constitution, which Americans had written, provided for he first time in Japanese history

Back 4

Women's suffrage

Front 5

In 1948, the Soviets began the Berlin Blockade

Back 5

in anticipation of the creation of West Germany

Front 6

How did the United States respond to Joseph Stalin's blockade around Berlin?

Back 6

Truman ordered that supplies be brought to Berlin via an airlift

Front 7

Which statement is TRUE about the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?

Back 7

All the members pledged mutual defense against any future Soviet attack

Front 8

In 1948, Mao Zedong

Back 8

led a successful communist revolution in China

Front 9

NSC-68

Back 9

Called for a global crusade by the U.S. against communism

Front 10

Which statement best describes what NSC-68 called for?

Back 10

a permanent military buildup and a global application of containment

Front 11

Which statement about the Korean conflict is False?

Back 11

Chinese troops threatened to enter the conflict, but never did

Front 12

As part of the nation's cultural cold war, national security agencies

Back 12

encouraged Hollywood to produce anticommunist movies

Front 13

The principle of human rights - The idea of basic rights belonging to all persons because they are human- was introduced into international relations

Back 13

in the revolutionary period of the late eighteenth century

Front 14

The Taft-Hartley Act

Back 14

outlawed the closed shop

Front 15

Which piece of American legislation stated that union leaders had to swear on oath that they were not communists?

Back 15

Taft-Hartley Act

Front 16

Which civil rights measure was enacted during Truman's administration?

Back 16

Desegregation of the armed forces

Front 17

The Dixiecrats

Back 17

opposed desegregation in the South

Front 18

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Back 18

were executed after a questionable trial

Front 19

Why did local anticommunist groups force public libraries to remove "Robin Hood" from their shelves?

Back 19

Robin Hood's taking from the rich and giving to the poor smacked of communism

Front 20

The McCarran-Walter Act

Back 20

authorized the deportation of communists including naturalized citizens

Front 21

Operation Wetback

Back 21

deported illegal aliens found in Mexican-American neighborhoods

Front 22

Organized labor emerged as

Back 22

a major supporter of the foreign policy of the Cold War

Front 23

How did the 1959 American National Exhibition showcase freedom in the United States?

Back 23

through a display of consumer goods

Front 24

Between 1946 and 1960, the American gross national product

Back 24

more than doubled and wages increased

Front 25

The center of gravity of American farming after World War II shifted to

Back 25

California

Front 26

After World War II, the automobile

Back 26

altered the American landscape

Front 27

Which statement about industry is FALSE?

Back 27

The West did not benefit from the industries that sprang up from the Cold War

Front 28

After World War II, most working women

Back 28

were concentrated in low-paying, non-union jobs

Front 29

During the 1950's, Americans

Back 29

on average married younger and had more children than previous generations

Front 30

During the postwar suburban boom, African-Americans

Back 30

were often unable to receive financing for housing

Front 31

In 1948 the United States Supreme Court

Back 31

declared that discriminatory provisions in home sales contracts unenforceable

Front 32

Which statement best describes how the white South reacted to the Brown V Board of Education decision?

Back 32

Some states closed the public schools, rather than integrate, and offered white children the choice to opt out of integrated schools

Front 33

After World War II, sub-urbanization

Back 33

hardened racial divisions in American life

Front 34

To libertarian conservatives, freedom meant

Back 34

individual autonomy, limited government, and unregulated capitalism

Front 35

Libertarians and new conservatives disagreed whether they wanted to create

Back 35

the "free man" or the "good man"

Front 36

New conservatives trusted government to

Back 36

regulate personal behavior

Front 37

In Brown V. Board of Education, what was Thurgood Marshall's main argument before the Supreme Court?

Back 37

that segregation did lifelong damage because it stigmatized one group of citizens as being unfit to associate with others

Front 38

The new conservatives

Back 38

emphasized tradition, community, and moral commitment

Front 39

Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed which kind of individuals to his cabinet?

Back 39

wealthy businessmen to run the government like an efficient business

Front 40

Modern Republicanism included

Back 40

the expansion of core New Deal programs

Front 41

Which statement best describes the thesis of David Riesman's book The Lonely Crowd?

Back 41

Americans were conformists and lacked the inner resources to lead truly independent lives

Front 42

Secretary of State John Foster Dulles's policy of massive retaliation

Back 42

declared that any soviet attack would be countered by a nuclear attack

Front 43

What was the term used to describe developing countries that refused to align with either of the two Cold War powers?

Back 43

"Third World Countries"

Front 44

President Eisenhower used the CIA to overthrow which Middle Eastern government in the early 1950's, in large part because this government attempted to nationalize British-owned oil fields?

Back 44

Iran

Front 45

After Vietnam was divided at a peace conference in Geneva

Back 45

The United States supported the anticommunist leader Ngo Dinh Diem

Front 46

Why did Eisenhower intervene in Vietnam?

Back 46

to prevent Vietnam from becoming a communist nation

Front 47

All of the following are examples of the 1950's cultural dissent EXCEPT

Back 47

HUAC

Front 48

Which Supreme Court decision did Brown overturn?

Back 48

Plessy V Ferguson

Front 49

Who argued the case Brown V Board of Education before the Supreme Court?

Back 49

Thurgood Marshall

Front 50

As a result of the Montgomery boycott in 1955-1956

Back 50

the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public transportation was illegal

Front 51

The Southern Manifesto

Back 51

repudiated the Supreme Court decision in Brown v Board of Education

Front 52

The 1960 presidential debate between John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon

Back 52

highlighted the impact of television on political campaigns

Front 53

In his 1961 farewell address, President Eisenhower warned Americans about

Back 53

the military-industrial complex

Front 54

Martin Luther King Jr. was

Back 54

inspired by the teachings of Gandhi

Front 55

The Freedom Rides

Back 55

were launched by CORE to desegregate interstate bus travel

Front 56

The sit-in at Greensboro, North Carolina in 1960

Back 56

reflected mounting frustration at the slow pace of racial change

Front 57

Martin Luther King Jr's "Letter from Birmingham Jail" declared that

Back 57

the white moderate had to put aside his fear of disorder and commit to racial justice

Front 58

To combat communism, one of John Kennedy's first acts was to

Back 58

establish the Peace Corps

Front 59

Like his predecessors in the White House, John F. Kennedy

Back 59

viewed the entire world through the lens of the Cold War

Front 60

Regarding civil rights during his presidency, John Kennedy

Back 60

was reluctant to address the movement's demands until 1963

Front 61

What event forced John F. Kennedy to take meaningful action in support of the civil rights movement?

Back 61

King's demonstrations in Birmingham

Front 62

The 1964 Civil Rights Acts did not

Back 62

ban discriminatory laws that prevented suffrage

Front 63

Republican Barry Goldwater viewed _____ as a threat to freedom

Back 63

the New Deal welfare state

Front 64

Barry Goldwater's 194 campaign emphasized

Back 64

a reduction in governmental regulations

Front 65

The 1965 Voting Rights Act

Back 65

empowered federal officials to oversee voter registration

Front 66

Johnson's War on Poverty included all of the following programs and initiatives EXCEPT

Back 66

a jobs program for unemployed Americans

Front 67

The Kerner Report

Back 67

blamed the urban riots on segregation and poverty

Front 68

Malcolm X

Back 68

insisted that blacks have economic and political autonomy

Front 69

The New Left

Back 69

drew heavily from the youth of the middle class

Front 70

The Gulf of Tonkin resolution

Back 70

authorized the president to take "all necessary measures to repel armed attack" in Vietnam

Front 71

In 1968, the number of US troops in Vietnam

Back 71

exceeded half a million as the war became more brutal

Front 72

The antiwar movement

Back 72

challenged the foundations of Cold War Thinking

Front 73

The counterculture of the 1960's can best be described as

Back 73

a rejection of mainstream values

Front 74

Why did the Second Vatican Council of 1962 to 1965 have such a big impact?

Back 74

the Council marked the beginning of reform and social justice activism in the Catholic church

Front 75

In the Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan

Back 75

focused on the discontents of middle-class women

Front 76

Radical feminists

Back 76

argued that freedom applied to the most intimate realms of life

Front 77

After the Stonewall riot

Back 77

a militant gay liberation movement was born

Front 78

The American Indian Movement

Back 78

demanded greater tribal self-government

Front 79

Rachel Carson's Silent Spring inspired the

Back 79

environmental movement

Front 80

In 1967, the Supreme Court ruled in Loving v. Virginia that

Back 80

state laws prohibiting interracial marriage was unconstitutional

Front 81

In 1966, the Supreme Court ruled in Miranda V. Arizona that

Back 81

those in police custody had certain rights

Front 82

Which event marked the turning point in the Vietnam conflict, forcing Lyndon Johnson to change course and pull out of the upcoming presidential race?

Back 82

the Tet Offensive

Front 83

On April 4, 1968 Martin Luther King Jr. was assasinated

Back 83

while in Memphis, supporting a garbage workers' strike

Front 84

The legacies of the 1960's include

Back 84

a transformation in the status of women