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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Special Order No. 15 (1865) |
issued by General Sherman in response to the black delegation during Reconstruction. This order set aside land for settlements for black families. These families were also offered mules the army could no longer use. This order raised hopes that the end of slavery would be accompanies by economic independence. |
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Black Codes |
laws passed by southern governments to try and regulate the lives of former slaves. These laws ranted certain right such as marriage and ownership of property but denied rights such as the right to vote. These laws violated the free labor principles so this angered the Republican North. Black children also could be hired without permission from their parents. |
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Freedman's Bureau (1865-1870) |
This was the first effort to get rid of slavery under Howard. This action helped former slaves by providing food, housing, and finance for education. However, these acts seemed to be more problematic according to economic terms. |
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The Compromise of 1877 |
Deal made between Republican and Democrat commissional committee. Even though Republican candidate, Hayes, lost the popular vote, he was elected president in exchange for withdrawal of federal troops from political involvement in the South. This marked the end of Reconstruction. |
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Convict Labor |
This was a cruel new regime of the textile industry. As populations in prison grew because of vagrancy laws and vigorous prosecution of petty crime, prisoners were given to organizations to be used for labor. This created a large pool of convict laborers in the Jim Crow South. |
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Lynching |
Late 1800s practice in which people accused of a crime (usually blacks or whites who fought for blacks) were murdered by mobs of 3 or more before standing in front of trial. Some of these cases were shown as entertainment. This restored the Jim Crow order. |
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Tuskegee Machine |
This referred to the financial control that was held over black education and even black newspapers. Essentially, Washington's approval was needed for anything education related such as writings or starting a school. This accumulated patronage with the Republican Party. |
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NAACP |
This was developed as an alternative to the Tuskegee Machine. Its mission was to equality of rights of all persons and eliminate racial discrimination. |
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Battle of Little Bighorn (1876) |
The largest and most famous battle between the US and Indian. Many chiefs were captured and what was left of the Native Americans settled on federal land. After this battle, Indian culture was essentially killed altogether. |
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Wounded Knee (1890) |
This was the last incident of the Indian Wars. Some Indians participated in a "ghost dance" where they danced in hopes of spiritual revival. US soldiers opened fire on those dancing. This event marks the end of the Indian Wars. |
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Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show |
a massive event including a parade and reenactment shows consisting of cowboys, indians, animals, and actors. White, Blacks, and Europeans were all attracted to these shows. This is what cemented the stereotypes of the American views of the West. |
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Great Railroad Strike (1877) |
At this time, the running of railroads employed a large percentage of laborers in America. Because of financial setback, northern railroads began to cut wages which resulted in railroad laborers going on strike. Much property damage and many death occurred. This was the first strike our country had seen. |
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Andrew Carnegie |
He was the chief manager of the PA Railroad. He gave most of his wealthy away to charity and was seen as a philanthropist and opponent of unions. He formed the Carnegie Steel Company which revolutionized the refining process. |
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Henry Ford |
He did not invent the automobile, but instead he developed a system for mass production and mass marketing. He did this with the use of an assembly line and by developing an automobile (Model T) that would be affordable to the average American family. He focused on selling more for less. Ford was noticeably racist and anti-union. He saw himself as a successful white businessman that was able to provide jobs for the lower class and blacks. |
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Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) |
A federal law that placed significant restrictions on free immigration. This prohibited all chinese laborer immigration to the US. This was the first law to prohibit a specific ethnicity from immigration. |
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Haymarket Square (1886) |
This was a rally to protest the deaths of strikers who were killed the previous day at a campaign disputing wages and hours. A bomb exploded at the rally which killed 8, including policemen. Police opened fire in response to seeing their own go down. Labor leaders were blamed for this riot and four of the city's most outspoken radicals were executed. |
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1896 Election |
This election was between Republican, McKinley and Democrat, Bryan. This election showed a great division between social classes and their desires, therfore highlighting many of the changes that were occurring in American society at the time. Bryan was defeated by Mckinley and the Populist party was crushed. |
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Social Darwinism |
This was the application of Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection to society. This was a new incarnation of white supremacy, however all races of men were superior to women. This revolutionized modern science and drove nationalism that led us to the Spanish American War. |
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"Yellow" Journalism |
This was a type of newspaper reporting that emphasized sensationalism over facts. This reached a peak when the US battleship, Maine sunk in Havana Harbor. Pulitzer and Hearst started rumors of plots blaming the Spanish for the sinking. This led us to the Spanish American War. |
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Muckrakers |
Writers who exposed corruption in politics, business, meat packing district, child labor, etc. Their popular books and articles sparked public interest in reform. |
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Socialist Party |
Party that demanded public ownership and major economic enterprises and reforms like recognition of labor unions and women's suffrage. |
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Settlement House Movement |
Founded by Jane Addams. This was a movement to set up community institutes to improve the lives of poor immigrants. Workers created kindergartens and playgrounds, and health clinics were established. These institutions helped shelter women and child from abuse and legal protection from their husbands. This movement produced some of the greatest leaders of the era. |
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Progressive Party (1912) |
Created by Roosevelt after he broke away from the Republican Party in order to run again for president. This party stood form reforms such as women's suffrage, prohibition of child labor, and more. This party was the first to suggest a program of social insurance. |
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Lusitania |
The sinking of a British liner by a German torpedo. Many Americans were on board this liner, so the US public was outraged. This is what inspired the US to enter WWI 2 years later. |
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Fourteen Points |
Woodrow Wilson's purposes for entry in the war. After WWI, these points were taken into consideration for peace negotiations. |
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Espionage and Sedition Acts (1917, 1918) |
The Espionage Act stated rules of interference with the draft. The Sedition Act stated made it illegal to write or publish anything disloyal or profane about the US government. These acts limited government criticism by imposing fines and prison terms. |
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Palmer Raids |
Palmer survived 2 bombs in which were placed by assassins in his home. This led to Palmer's Justice Department creating a federal anticommunism policy. |
