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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Institution |
An ongoing organization that performs caertain functions for society |
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Social Conflict |
Disagreements among people in a society over what the society's priorities should be. |
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Politics |
The process of resolving conflicts over how society should use scarce resources and who should receive various benefits, such as public health care and publice education. |
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Government |
The individual institutions to that make society's rules and possess the power and authority to enforce those rules |
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Power |
The ability to influence the behavior of others, usually through the use of force, persuasion, or sanctions |
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Authority |
The ability to legitimately excercise power such as the power to make and enforce laws. |
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Public services |
Essential services that individuals cannot provide by themselves, such as building and maintaining roads, establishing welfare programs, operating public schools, and preserving national parks. |
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Autocracy |
A form of government in which the power and authority of the government are in the hands of a single person |
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Monarchy |
A form of autocracy in which a king or queen, or other aristocrat is the highest authority in the government. |
Usually obtain power through inheritance |
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Divine right theory |
The theory that Monarch's right rule was derived directly from God rather than from the consent of people |
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Dictatorship |
The form of government in which absolute power is exercised by an individual or group whose power is not supported by tradition |
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Democracy |
A system of government in which people have ultimate political authority. |
The word is derived from the Greek demos(" the people") and kratia ("rule") |
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Direct Democracy |
A system of government in which the political decisions are made by the people themselves rather than by elected representatives. |
This form of government was practised in some parts of ancient Greece. |
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Representative Democracy |
A form of democracy in which the majority is expressed through groups of individuals elected by the people to act as their representatives. |
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Republic |
Essentially, a representative system in which there is no king or queen and the people are soverign |
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Soverign |
Supreme ruler, possessing ultimate power |
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Parliament |
The national legislative body in countries governed by a paliamentary system. |
Examples of countries that are govern by a parliamentary system are Britain and Canda |
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Limited government |
A form of the government that's based on the principle that the power of the government should be clearly limited either through a written document or through a wide public understanding |
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Social contract |
A voluntary agreement among individuals to create a government and to give that government adequate power to secure the mutual protection and welfare to all people |
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Natural rights |
Rights that are bestowed by the government but are inherent within every man, woman, child by virtue of the fact that he or she is a human being. |
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Political culture |
The set of ideas, values and attitudes about government and the political process held by the community or a nation |
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Liberty |
The freedom of individuals to believe, act and express themselves as they choose so long as doing so does not infringe on the rights of other individuals in the society. |
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Equality |
A concept that holds, at a minimum, that all people are entitled to equal protection under the law. |
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Capitalism |
An economic system based on the private ownership of wealth producing property, free markets, and freedom of contract. The privately owned corporation is the preeminent capitalist institution. |
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Working class |
Today persons with no more than a high school diploma. |
Formerly , families in which the head of household was employed in manual or unskilled labor. |
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Ideology |
Generally, a system of political ideas |
Rooted in religious or philosophical beliefs that concerns human nature, society, and government |
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Conservatism |
A set of political beliefs that include a limited role for the national government in helping individuals and in the economic affairs of the nation, as well as support for traditional values and lifestyles |
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Conservative movement |
An ideological movement |
arose in the 1950s and 1960s and continues to shape conservative beliefs. |
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Liberalism |
A set of political beliefs that include the advocacy of active government |
Including government intervention to improve the common welfare and to protect civil rights. |
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Progressivism |
Today, an alternative, more popular term for the set of political beliefs also known as liberalism |
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Moderates |
Persons whose views falss in the middle of the political spectrum |
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Socialism |
A political ideology, often critical of capitalism, that lies to the left of liberalism on the tradition political spectrum. |
Scarce in the US but common in many other countries |
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Libertarianism |
The belief that government should do as little as possible, |
not only in the economic sphere, but also regulating morality and personal behavior |
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In any country government generally serves at least three essential purposes |
Safety of nation and culture, Provide public services, Resolve conflicts |
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John Locke argued that people are born with natural rights to... |
Life, liberty, and property |
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American democracy is based on five fundamental principals |
Right to vote, protection by law, individual freedom, majority rule and minority rights, voluntary consent to be governed |
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When it comes to ideology, Americans are often placed in two broad political camps |
Conservatives and liberals/ progressivism |
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