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3 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kartagener's syndrome |
Kartagener's syndrome (also known as primary ciliary dyskinesia) was first described in 1933 and most frequently occurs in examinations due to its association with dextrocardia (e.g. 'quiet heart sounds', 'small volume complexes in lateral leads')
Pathogenesis dynein arm defect results in immotile cilia
Features dextrocardia or complete situs inversus bronchiectasis recurrent sinusitis subfertility (secondary to diminished sperm motility and defective ciliary action in the fallopian tubes) |
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Acute asthma |
Acute asthma: features Acute asthma is nearly always seen in patients who've got a history of asthma.
Features worsening dyspnoea, wheeze and cough that is not responding to salbutamol maybe triggered by a respiratory tract infection
Patients with acute severe asthma are stratified into moderate, severe or life-threatening
Moderate Severe Life-threatening PEFR 50-75% best or predicted Speech normal RR < 25 / min Pulse < 110 bpm PEFR 33 - 50% best or predicted Can't complete sentences RR > 25/min Pulse > 110 bpm PEFR < 33% best or predicted Oxygen sats < 92% Silent chest, cyanosis or feeble respiratory effort Bradycardia, dysrhythmia or hypotension Exhaustion, confusion or coma
In addition, a normal pCO2 in an acute asthma attack indicates exhaustion and should, therefore, be classified as life-threatening.
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Sarcoidosis |
Sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder of unknown aetiology characterised by non-caseating granulomas. It is more common in young adults and in people of African descent
Features acute: erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, swinging fever, polyarthralgia insidious: dyspnoea, non-productive cough, malaise, weight loss skin: lupus pernio hypercalcaemia: macrophages inside the granulomas cause an increased conversion of vitamin D to its active form (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) |
