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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All aerial apparatus should meet the design requirements of which NFPA, which was in effect at the time the apparatus was manufactured.
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NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Aaaparatus
page 45 |
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The type of aerial apparatus it chooses will often be based on a variety of factors including what? (6)
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> maneuverability
> length of reach needed > most common tasks required of the aerial device > amount of equipment that the apparatus needs to carry > budget constraints > amount of manpower the apparatus will carry. page 45 |
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NFPA 1901 defines an aerial device into three basic categories, they are ________, _________, and ________.
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> aerial ladders
> elevating platforms > water towers page 46 |
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The ___________ apparatus is the most common type of aerial fire apparatus operated in North America.
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aerial ladder apparatus
page 46 |
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The primary function of the _______ is to provide continuous rotation of the aerial device on a horizontal plane.
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turntable
page 46 |
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The fully extended length, also referred to as the working heigth of North American-made aerial ladders ranges from ___ to ____ feet.
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50 to 135 feet
page 46 |
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The working heigth for aerial ladders is measured from the ground to the _____ _____ ____ with the ladder at maximum elevation and extension.
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highest ladder rung
page 46 |
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The main uses of aerial ladders are ______, ______, _____, and ________.
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> rescue
> ventilation > elevated master streams > gaining access to upper levels of an emergency scene page 47 |
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Manufacturers of tillered trucks are building in a minimum jackknife angle of ___ degrees. Beyond this angle, the device is blocked out.
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30 degress.
page 48 |
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True / False
A platform leveling system is required so that the platform's position is horizontal to the ground at all times. |
True
page 48 |
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The required minimum floor area of a platform is ___ square feet.
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14
page 48 |
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A ________ is required at floor level and should be 4 inches high
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kickplate
page 48 |
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True / False
Three gates below the top railing provide for firefighter/victim access and egress. |
False: two gates are required
page 48 |
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Each platformmust have a rail completely enclosing the floor area with no opening under the railing greater that ___ inches.
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24
page 48 |
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How many control stations are required on elevating platforms? Where are they located?
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2
one at street level and one in the platform. page 49 |
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True / False
A heat protective shield is built in to provide firefighters in the platform protection from radiated heat. |
True
page 50 |
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As required by NFPA 1901, a protective water fog curtain nozzle is also necessary on the bottom of the platform. NFPA 1901 requires the nozzle to flow at least ___ gpm.
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75 gpm
page 50 |
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All elevating platforms must have a minimum load capacity of ____ pounds when the aerial device is fully extended, at any elevation within its normal range of motion, and with no water in the piping system.This load requirement drops to ____ pounds when the water delivery system is charged
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750 pounds dry and 500 pounds wet
page 50 |
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Elevating platforms that are 110 feet or shorter should be able to be raised from the bedded position to the maximum elevation and extension and be rotated ____ degrees in _____ seconds or less
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90 degrees in less that 150 seconds
page 50 |
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True / False
There is no time requirment for elevating platforms taller that 110 feet |
True
page 50 |
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Fire fighting equipment in the platform typically includes what? (9)
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> one or two permanently mounted master streams
> water supply system incorporated with in the boom or ladder >electrical outlets >air outlets >hydraulic outlets > Floodlighting >forcible entry equipment > communication system between the two control stations > discharges to provide handlines and mobile standpipe to upper floors. page 50 |
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Aerial platforms commonly range in size from ____ to ____ feet
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85 to 110 feet.
page 50 |
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The working height of all types of elevationg platforms is measured with the aerial device at maximum extension and elevation--- from the ground to the top surface of the _______ _____ ______.
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highest platform handrail.
page 51 |
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The most common aerial ladder platform apparatus in service today is the straight chassis, ____-____ vehicle with a rear-mounted aerial device.
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three-axle
page 51 |
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What is the primary difference between the aerial ladder platform and the telescoping aerial platform?
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aerial ladder platforms are designed with a ladder that allows firefighters and victims to climb either direction on the ladder, the telescoping does not.
page 52 |
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Common sizes of telescoping aerial platforms in use in North America range from ___ to ___ feet.
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75 to 100 feet
page 52 |
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Telescoping aerial platforms devices have two or more sections and are made of either ____-____ construction or ______ _____-_____ construction.
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box-beam construction
tubular truss-beam construction page 52 |
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Which form of telescoping construction consists of four sides of steel or aluminum welded together?
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Box-beam construction
page 52 |
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Which form of telescoping construction uses steel welded to form box shape using cantilever or triangular design?
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Tubular truss-beam construction
page 53 |
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What benefit does an articulating aerial platform have over other aerial platforms?
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Able to go "up and over" and into areas that are not accessible with straight line apparatus.
page 54 |
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Standard articulating aerial platforms range in height from ____ to ____ feet.
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55 to 85 feet.
page 54 |
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What is the primary function of water towers?
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to deploy eleveated master streams
page 54 |
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Most water towers are designed so that their fire streams may be deployed at a range of elevations starting from a few degrees below horizontal to nearly ___ degress from the ground.
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90 degrees
page 55 |
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Common sizes for water towers range from ____ to ___ feet
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55 to 130 feet
page 55 |
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Water towers are capable of maximum flows ranging from _____ to _____ gpms.
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1000 to 5000 gpm
page 55 |
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The term Quint is derived from the phrase "quintuple fire appartatus" meaning an apparatus that has five major features or functions. NFPA 1901 establishes features that an apparatus must have in order to qualify as a quint. They are:
1 _______________ 2 _______________ 3 _______________ 4 _______________ 5 _______________ |
1) Size of the fire pump.
2) Size of the water tank 3) Amount of supply and attack hose 4) Array and length of ground ladders 5) Pre-piped waterway on the aerial apparatus page 56 |
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What is the first priority in positioning a quint at an emergency scene?
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The first priority is to alway position the apparatus with the aerial device in mind
page 56 |
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What are the reasons for equipping aerial apparatus with pumps? (4)
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> The apparatus may be operated as a ladder company, engine company, or both
> will be capable of supplying it own master stream > may be used to extinguish fires when no engine company is present > the philosophy that every major piece of fire apparatus should have the capability of extinguishing a fire page 57 |
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Engineering design has proven that trusses lend more strenght if their assembled members form _________
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triangles
page 58 |
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______ consist of an assembly of bars or rods to form a rigid framework.
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trusses
page 58 |
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The bottom section of the aerial ladder is referred to as the _____ (or bed). The second and subsequent sections that extend beyond the bed section are called the ____ sections.
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Base / Fly sections
page 58 |
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The two most common materials for construction of aerial ladders are heat-treated ________ and _______.
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aluminum alloy and steel
page 58 |
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______ _____ also commonly called the beams, are the lower chords of the aerial ladder to which the rungs, trusses, and other portions of the ladder are attached
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Base rails
page 58 |
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_____, also called handrails, are the top chords to which the opposite ends of the trussing are attached.
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Rails
page 58 |
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The _____ are the portions that are attached between the two base rails and are used as steps for personnel on the aerial ladder.
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Rungs
page 58 |
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NFPA 1901 establishes requirements for parts of the aerial ladder, such as? (4)
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> dimensions of rungs, handrails, base rails, and folding steps
> certain areas of the aerial ladder provide added traction for firefighters > minimum times that it should take to place an aerial ladder in service from it transport position. > newer aerial ladders are required by the standard to demonstrate a minimum tip point when the ladder is extended and in use. page 60 |
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What are the main components of a hydraulic system?
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hydraulic fluid
hydraulic pump hydraulic reservoir page 61 |
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Hydraulic hose used in aerial apparatus must be rated to withstand pressures at least _____ _____ greater than normal operating pressure.
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four time greater
page 61 |
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______ start, stop, regulate, and direct the flow of fluid to control pressure in the system by allowing the pressure to be built up or released in a hydraulic system
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valves
page 62 |
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One of the more important valves in the hydrualic system is the ______ also know as the transfer or diverter valve. By blocking flow to the system not in use, it acts as an interlock to prevent both the stabilization and aerial device systems from operating at the same time.
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selector valve
page 62 |
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Hydraulic cylinders used for elevation and telescoping control of the aerial device and for operating the stabilizers are said to be ______ ______. This means they are capable of receiving oil under pressure from both sides of the piston so that force can be created in either direction
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double acting cylinders
page 62 |
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True / False
The end of the piston rod outside of the cylinder is fitted with a trunnion that is anchored to either the aerial or to the truntable. |
True
The trunnion is the pivoting end of the piston rod that is connected to the anchor ear by the heel pin. page 63 |
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Normal hydraulic pressure is from ____ to ____ psi.
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850 to 3000 psi
page 63 |
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_____ _____ are dual cylinders fitted on the base section and used to extend the second section of the device.
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extension cylinders
page 65 |
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On most aerial devices, the third,fourth, and fifth sections of the aerial device are extended by a system of _________.
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cables and pulleys
page 65 |
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The ____ and ____ allow the various sections of the aerial device to extend and retract without causing excessive wear on the parts of the device that come in contact with each other during operation.
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slide and rollers
page 65 |
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The operator's control pedestal usually stands about ___ feet high and is easily operated by persons of all heights.
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3 1/2 feet
page 67 |
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Most control pedestals use three levers they are _____, _____, and _____. They should be positioned in order from left to right in order.
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extension, rotation, and elevation in order.
page 68 |
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The oldest type of pre-piped aerial ladder waterway is ___ _____ ___, which is a nontelescoping section diameter, attached to the underside of the base section of the aerial ladder.
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bed ladder pipe
page 69 |
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______ ______ ______ consists of three or four sections that reduce in diameter-- the largest is attached to the base section of the ladder and the smallest is attached to the fly section.
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telescoping piping system
page 69 |
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The telescoping piping system pipes are made of aluminum or other metal. They have minimum diameter in these piping system is ___ inches
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4 inches
page 69 & 70 |
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The detachable ladder pipe is designed to be clamped to the ___ ___ rungs of the fly section.
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top two
page 70 |
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The ladder pipe is usually supplied by a single 3 or 3 1/2 inch hoseline that is run directly up the center of the ladder rungs and attached prior to elevating the ladder. They are typically limited to flows of less than ___ gpm.
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750 gpm
page 70 |
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Most ladders with detachable ladder pipe appliances restrict the sideways movement of the nozzle to about ___ degrees either side of center.
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15 degrees
page 71 |
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Because elevating platforms typically have greater load capacities than aerial ladders, the piping on these system may be larger, and flows of up to _____ gpm are possible on some models.
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2000 gpm
page 72 |
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What type of aerial apparatus is the option of a piercing nozzle included on?
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water towers
page 72 |
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What NFPA standard requires a two-way communication system on all aerial device apparatus?
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NFPA 1901
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NFPA 1901 does contian requirement for breathing air systems if they are installed on aerial devices with elevating platforms. The standard establishes requirements for the following:
________, _______, _______, _______, and _______. |
>Number of firefighters to be supported by the system
>Capacity of compressed air cylinders >Pressure requirments of the piping system >Low air warning alarms >Conformity to government regulations page 74 |
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Generators are the most common power source used for emergency services and can be portable or fixed to the apparatus. Inverters are used on aerial apparatus when the local fire agency determines that it is not necessary for the apparatus to be able to generate large amounts of power. They are most commonly used to power what.
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vehicle mounted floodlights
page 75 |
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Portable generators are capable of running for 10 hours and generating over _____ watts of power.
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10,000 watts
page 76 |
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Vehicle mounted generators can be powered by ? (4)
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gasoline, diesel, propane, or hydraulic power take off systems
page 76 |
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Vehicle mounted power plants usually have 110- and 220- volt capabilities with up to _____ watts of power available.
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12,000 watts of power
page 76 |
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What type of apparatus have a larger generator with capabilities of generating up to 50,000 watts of power?
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Rescue vehicles
page 76 |
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Fixed lights are mounted to the vehicle or aerial device, and their main function is to provide overall lighting of the emergency scene. The bank of lights usually will have a capability of ___ to ____ watts per light.
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500 to 1,500 watts per light
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Electrical power cords are needed to conduct electric power to portable equipment. The most common size cord is the _________, ________ type.
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12 gauge, 3 wire type.
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Four common types of hydraulic powered tools are used by rescue workers, they are. (4)
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1) spreaders
2) shears 3) combinaiton spreader/shears 4) extension rams page 78 & 79 |
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Rescue hydraulic pumps receive their power from? (4)
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1) compressed air
2) electric motors 3) two or four cycle gas motor 4) apparatus mounted power take off systems page 79 |
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Each fire agency can decide the particular length of each ground ladder based on local needs; however, the ladder complement must include at least the following types (3)
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1) Attic ladders
2) Roof ladders 3) Extension ladders page 81 |
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NFPA 1901 establishes minimum requirements for forcible entry that includes: (12)
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Flathead and pickhead axes
Pike poles and plaster hooks Crowbars and Claw tools Sledgehammers Hacksaws and keyhole saws Wrenches Hammers Snipes and pliers Screwdrivers page 81 |
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Pole ladders are extension ladders that is ___ feet or longer.
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40 foot or longer
page 81 |
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Staypoles or tormentors are use for ______ and _____ during the raising of the Pole ladders.
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stability and leverage
page 81 |
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Most fire departments use some sort of mechanical means to supplement the natural flow of heat, smoke, and gases from a fire building. What Two common types of equipment are used for this purpose?
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exhaust fans and positive pressure blowers
page 82 |
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_______ _______ are placed in windows, doors, or roof openings for the purpose of drawing out heat, smoke and gases by creating a lower pressure inside the fire building
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smoke ejectors
page 83 |
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______ ______ are used to increase the air pressure in a structure and thus force out the by products fo combustion.
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Positive pressure blowers
page 83 |
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Positive pressure blowers may be powered by? (3)
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electric motors
gas engines water driven motors page 83 |
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Loss control activities include? (3)
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1) safe driving skills
2) water application techniques 3) salvage and overhaul page 83 |
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Which NFPA requires aerial apparatus to be equipped with multiple salvage covers and two scoops shovels to assist with salvage and overhaul efforts.
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NFPA 1901
page 83 |
