Abnormal Psych Final Anna Grimsley

Front 1

T/F Biological and psychological vulnerabilities to anxiety function apart from stressful life events.

Back 1

False.

Front 2

T/F GAD is short for generalized anxiety disorder.

Back 2

True

Front 3

T/F Panic disorder without agoraphobia is where an individual experiences anxiety and panic with phobic avoidance of what that person considers an "unsafe" situation.

Back 3

False (that's with agoraphobia)

Front 4

T/F GAD is prevalent in the elderly and in females in our society.

Back 4

True

Front 5

_____________ are/is intrusive and nonsensical thoughts, images, or urges an individual tries to eliminate or suppress.

Back 5

Obsessions

Front 6

The practice of washing, counting, and hoarding to suppress obsessions and provide relief are/is called ___________.

Back 6

Compulsions

Front 7

________________ is a psychological experience characterized by concern about future events, and ____________ is characterized by concern about current circumstances.

Back 7

Anxiety; fear

Front 8

In an integrated model of anxiety, which childhood experience appears to make an individual more vulnerable to anxiety in adulthood?

Back 8

Negative and inconsistent attention from parents

Front 9

Generalized anxiety disorder is coursed how? how common? and in which gender?

Back 9

It is chronic, most common of the anxiety disorders, and more common in women.

Front 10

Why are the majority of people who suffer from agoraphobia women?

Back 10

Cultural factors make it more acceptable for women to avoid situations and to report their fears.

Front 11

Marty has a fear of dogs. Which of the following suggests that his fear qualifies as a specific phobia rather than just an everyday fear?

Back 11

Marty will only work night shifts, a time when he thinks all dogs will be safely inside.

Front 12

What technique appears to be the most effective treatment for phobias?

Back 12

Exposure to the feared stimulus under therapeutic supervision.

Front 13

What is the most essential characteristic of social phobia?

Back 13

Fear of evaluation by other people

Front 14

Which feature differentiates post-traumatic stress disorder from acute stress disorder?

Back 14

The time since the traumatic event occured

Front 15

Every morning when he leaves for work, Anthony has recurring doubts about whether he locked his front door. He continues thinking about this throughout the day, to the distraction of his work. Anthony is experiencing _____________.

Back 15

Obsession

Front 16

When a person believes that thinking about hurting someone is just as bad as actually hurting someone, that person is experiencing _______________.

Back 16

Thought-action fusion

Front 17

D.J. arrived at Dr. Blake's office with a folder crammed full of medical records, symptom documentation, and lists of prescribed treatments and drugs. Several doctors are monitoring him for his complaints, ranging from chest pain to difficulty swallowing. D.J. has recently lost his job because he was using too many sick days.

Back 17

Somatization disorder

Front 18

Emily constantly worries about her health. She has been to numerous doctors for her concerns about cancer and other serious diseases, only to be reassured of her well-being. Emily's anxiousness is exacerbated by each small ailment (for example, headaches or stomach pains) that she considers to be indications of a major illness.

Back 18

Hypochondriasis

Front 19

Sixteen-year-old Chad suddenly lost the use of his arms with no medical cause. The complete paralysis slowly improved to the point that he can slightly raise them. However, Chad cannot drive, pick up objects, or perform most tasks necessary for day-to-day life.

Back 19

Conversion disorder

Front 20

Karl was brought to a clinic by his mother. She was concerned because at times his behavior was strange. His speech and his way of relating to people and situations would change dramatically, almost as if he were a different person. What bothered Karl and her most was he could not recall anything he did during those periods.

Back 20

Dissociative identity disorder.

Front 21

Terry complained about feeling out of control. She said she sometimes felt as if she was floating under the ceiling and just watching things happen to her. She also experienced tunnel vision and felt uninvolved in the things that went on in the room around her. This always caused her to panic and perspire.

Back 21

Depersonalization disorder

Front 22

Henry is 64 and recently arrived in town. He does not know where he is from or how he got here. His driver's license proves his name, but he is unconvinced it is his. He is in good health and not taking any medication.

Back 22

Dissociative fugue

Front 23

In factitious disorder, why is the individual presenting symptoms?

Back 23

The individual is voluntarily producing the symptoms without any obvious financial or other external incentives.

Front 24

Mrs. Thompson brought her four-year-old daughter, Carmen, to the emergency room, stating that the child had been vomiting nonstop throughout the morning. Carmen's condition improved over the course of several days. On the day of her discharge from the hospital, a nurse walked in as Mrs. Thompson was giving Carmen a drink of floor cleaner. Mrs. Thompson's behavior is consistent with:

Back 24

Munchausen syndrome by proxy

Front 25

________________ describes the experience of losing a sense of your own reality, whereas ____________ describes losing your sense of reality of the external world.

Back 25

Depersonalization; derealization

Front 26

The different identities or personalities in dissociative identity disorder are called _____________, whereas the change from one personality to another is called a ______________.

Back 26

Alters; switch

Front 27

Ann was found wandering the streets, unable to recall any important information. After searching her purse and finding an address, doctors were able to contact her mother. They learned that Ann had just been in a terrible accident and she was the only survivor. Ann could not remember her mother or any details of the accident. She was distressed,

Back 27

Generalized amnesia

Front 28

Sanchez is always down and a bit blue, but occasionally he becomes so depressed that nothing pleases him.

Back 28

Double-depression

Front 29

T/F Women are approximately twice as likely as men to be diagnosed with a mood disorder.

Back 29

True

Front 30

T/F Depression requires some life experience, indicating that babies and young children cannot experience the disorder.

Back 30

False

Front 31

The controversial, but somewhat successful treatment involving the production of seizures through electric current to the brain.

Back 31

Electroconvulsive therapy

Front 32

This therapy teaches client to carefully examine their thought process and recognize "depressive" styles in thinking.

Back 32

Cognitive therapy

Front 33

This therapy focuses on resolving problems in existing relationships and learning to form new interpersonal relationships.

Back 33

Interpersonal psychotherapy

Front 34

An individual who is experiencing an elevated mood, a decreased need for sleep, and distractibility is most likely experiencing:

Back 34

Mania

Front 35

What is the general agreement among mental health professionals about the relationship between bereavement and depression?

Back 35

Bereavement can lead to depression in many cases.

Front 36

Bipolar 1 disorder is characterized by _____________, whereas Bipolar 2 Disorder is characterized by _______________.

Back 36

Full manic episodes; hypomanic episodes

Front 37

Treatment for bereavement often includes:

Back 37

Finding meaning in the loss

Front 38

Which theory suggests that depression occurs when individuals believe that they have no control over the circumstances in their lives?

Back 38

Learned helplessness

Front 39

Which of the following explains why some people refuse to take medications to treat their depression or take those medications and then stop?

Back 39

For some people the medications cause serious side effects.

Front 40

What is a strong risk factor for suicide?

Back 40

Having a relative who committed suicide

Front 41

This subgroup targets viral infections within the cells by directly destroying the antigens.

Back 41

Killer T cells

Front 42

A type of leukocyte that surround identifiable antigens and destroys them.

Back 42

Macrophages

Front 43

These are created so that when a specific antigen is encountered in the future, the immune response will be faster.

Back 43

Memory B cells

Front 44

What is considered part of the experience of pain?

Back 44

The subjective impression of pain as reported by the patient, pain behaviors or overt manifestations of pain, an emotional component called suffering

Front 45

What is an interdisciplinary field that applies knowledge about human thoughts, emotions, and activities to prevent, diagnose, and treat medical problems?

Back 45

Behavioral medicine

Front 46

The general adaption syndrome describes several stages people experience in response to sustained stress. These stages occur in which order?

Back 46

Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Front 47

Cortisol is:

Back 47

A hormone that stimulates the hippocampus to turn off the stress response

Front 48

Next month Shanti has to take an important college entrance exam. Which factor is most likely to influence whether her response to the exam is positive or negative?

Back 48

Shanti's beliefs about how much control she has over the situation

Front 49

Joan has been living with HIV for three years and has just started participating in a stress-management support group. Based on previous research, what might Joan expect from her participation?

Back 49

An increase in the activity of T helper and natural killer cells

Front 50

The study of how psychosocial factors influence cancer is known as:

Back 50

Psycho-oncology

Front 51

What is a risk factor for coronary heart disease?

Back 51

Anger that is part of the A behavior pattern

Front 52

Biofeedback can be used to teach people how to:

Back 52

Consciously control physiological functions that are outside awareness

Front 53

What accurately characterizes the effects of denial as a coping strategy?

Back 53

People who deny their disease may not notice meaningful variations in their symptoms

Front 54

What three behaviors, all of which can be modified, put people at the most risk for physical problems?

Back 54

Unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, smoking

Front 55

Joo-Yeon eats large quantities of food in a short amount of time. She then takes laxatives and exercises for long periods to prevent weight gain. She has been doing this almost daily for several months and feels she will become worthless and ugly if she gains even an ounce.

Back 55

Bulimia nervosa

Front 56

Manny has been having episodes lately when he eats prodigious amounts of food. He's been putting on a lot of weight because of it.

Back 56

Binge-eating

Front 57

T/F One study showed that males consider a smaller female body size to be more attractive than women did.

Back 57

False

Front 58

T/F Attention must be focused on dysfunctional attitudes about body shape in anorexia or relapse will most likely occur after treatment.

Back 58

True

Front 59

T/F Individuals with night eating syndrome consume at least half their daily intake after their evening meal.

Back 59

False

Front 60

Sonia has problems staying awake throughout the day. Even while talking on the phone or riding the bus, she unexpectedly loses muscle tone and falls asleep for a while.

Back 60

Narcolepsy

Front 61

Rama is extremely overweight. His wife suspects he may be suffering from _______________ because he snores every night and often wakes up exhausted as though he never slept.

Back 61

Sleep apnea

Front 62

Karen wakes up screaming every night, disregarding her parents' efforts to comfort her. Her heart rate is elevated in these episodes, and her pajamas are soaked in sweat. The next day, she has no memory of the experience. To help reduce these terror, Karen's pediatrician used ________________.

Back 62

Scheduled awakenings

Front 63

Dr. Thompson sees a patient with a chubby face, calluses on her fingers, and small scars on the back of the hand. Tests indicate that the patient weighs slightly more than her expected weight and that she has an electrolyte imbalance. The patient reports that she is having persistent constipation and that she feels as if her heart has been skipping beats.

Back 63

Bulimia nervosa

Front 64

Research in bulimia nervosa suggests that it most often co-occurs with __________________.

Back 64

Anxiety disorders

Front 65

What is used to measure arm movement as an indicator of sleep activity and sleep quality?

Back 65

Actigraph

Front 66

Charlie always felt out of place with boys. At a young age he preferred to play with girls and insisted that his parents call him "Charlene." He later claimed that he felt like a woman trapped in a man's body. According to the book, what disorder could Charlie have?

Back 66

Gender identity disorder

Front 67

T/F According to the book, the cause (s) of Charlie's disorder could be abnormal hormone levels during development, or social and parental influences

Back 67

True

Front 68

According to the book, research on the origins of homosexuality has suggested a possible role for all of the following except:

Back 68

Emotionally distant fathers

Front 69

According to the book, the most common form of treatment for gender identity disorder is:

Back 69

Sexual reassignment surgery

Front 70

What is an accurate characterization of pedophilia?

Back 70

It is often rationalized by the perpetrator as an acceptable way to teach children about sexuality.

Front 71

Shane is being treated for a paraphilia by imaginging harmful consequences occurring in response to his unwanted behavior and arousal. Shane is receiving what kind of treatment?

Back 71

Covert sensitization

Front 72

T/F Negative reinforcement is involved in the continuance of drug use because drugs often provide escape from pain, stress, panic, and so on.

Back 72

True

Front 73

T/F Research with both animals and humans indicates that substance abuse in general is affected by our genes, although not one particular gene.

Back 73

True

Front 74

T/F The media and parental influences have no effect on adolescent use; it is solely a peer pressure factor.

Back 74

False

Front 75

T/F The expectancy effect is illustrated when a person who expects to be less inhibited when drinking alcohol is given a placebo and acts or feels normally.

Back 75

False

Front 76

T/F To some extent, all psychoactive drugs provide a pleasurable experience, creating positive reinforcement.

Back 76

True

Front 77

In ________________, the clinician and the client work together to decide which behaviors the client needs to change and which reinforcers will be used as rewards for reaching set goals.

Back 77

Contigency management

Front 78

The _______________ model involves therapy that helps individuals remove ambivalence about stopping their drug use by examining their beliefs about the positive and negative aspects of drug use.

Back 78

Relapse prevention

Front 79

By imaging unpleasant scenes, the __________________ technique helps the person associate the negative effects of the drug with drug use.

Back 79

Covert sensitization

Front 80

It has been difficult to evaluate rigorously the effectiveness of Alcoholics Anonymous because the participants are ____________________.

Back 80

Anonymous

Front 81

This disorder refers to compulsive hair pulling and is more common in females than males.

Back 81

Trichotillomania

Front 82

Individuals with this disorder are preoccupied with fires and the equipment involved in setting and putting out fires.

Back 82

Pyromania

Front 83

The definition of substance abuse according to the DSM-IV-TR is based on:

Back 83

How significantly the substance interferes with the user's life

Front 84

The dimensional versus categorical debate over the nature of personality disorders can also be described as a debate between ___________ and _____________.

Back 84

degree; kind

Front 85

Some personality disorders are diagnosed more frequently in men than in women. One explanation for this difference is:

Back 85

Symptoms are interpreted by clinicans in different ways depending on the gender of the person with the symptoms.

Front 86

Genetic research and an overlap in symptoms suggest a common relationship between schizophrenia and ____________.

Back 86

schizotypal personality disorder

Front 87

Criteria for psychopathy emphasize _______________, and criteria for antisocial personality disorder emphasize _______________.

Back 87

personality; behavior

Front 88

What symptom is characteristic of persons with borderline personality disorder?

Back 88

impulsivity

Front 89

Which theory suggests psychopaths may engage in antisocial and risk-taking behavior to stimulate their cortical system?

Back 89

underarousal hypothesis

Front 90

Greeting a new acquaintance with effusive familiarity, crying uncontrollably during a movie, and trying to be the center of attention at a party are typical behaviors of someone with:

Back 90

histronic personality disorder

Front 91

What is a true statement concerning borderline personality disorder?

Back 91

Behaviors in borderline personality disorder overlap those seen in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Front 92

People with what personality disorder often exhibit childlike, egocentric behaviors?

Back 92

narcissistic

Front 93

An individual who is preoccupied with details, rules, organization, and scheduling to the extent that it interferes with daily functioning may have:

Back 93

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Front 94

Determine the subtype of schizophrenia: Jane has spent the past hour staring in the mirror. As you approach her, she turns away and giggles. When you ask what she's laughing at, she answers, but you're having difficulty understanding what she says.

Back 94

Disorganized

Front 95

Determine the subtype of schizophrenia: Two years ago, Drew had an episode of schizophrenia, but he no longer displays the major symptoms of the disorder. He does, however, still have some bizarre thoughts and displays flat affect on occasion.

Back 95

Residual

Front 96

Determine the subtype of schizophrenia: Greg's cognitive skills and affect are relativity intact. He, however, often has delusions and hallucinations that convince him enemies are out to get him.

Back 96

Paranoid

Front 97

Determine the subtype of schizophrenia: Alice usually holds an unusual posture and is sometimes seen grimacing.

Back 97

Catatonic

Front 98

Determine the subtype of schizophrenia: Cameron suffers from a type of schizophrenia that is identified by disruption and incoherence in his speech and behavior. He also shows inappropriate affect, often laughing in a silly way in sad situations.

Back 98

Disorganized

Front 99

Lately Dom has become more isolated because he believes his coworkers are conspiring to get him fired. He becomes agitated whenever he sees a group of employees talking and laughing because he believes that they are plotting against him.

Back 99

Delusional disorder

Front 100

Natalie reveals to her therapist that she hears numerous voices talking to her and giving her orders. Her doctor has just sent her to this therapist for what he believes to be a major depressive episode. She had begun to sleep all the time and contemplated suicide often.

Back 100

Schizoaffective disorder

Front 101

If Shawn's schizophrenic symptoms disappeared after about four months and he returned to his normal life, what diagnosis might he have received?

Back 101

Schizophreniform disorder

Front 102

Elias believes the government is out to get him. He thinks agents follow him daily, monitoring his calls, and read his mail. His roommate, Cedric, tried to convince him otherwise. However, after a year of this, Cedric began to believe Elias correct and the government was out to get him, too.

Back 102

Shared psychotic disorder

Front 103

One distinction used to characterize symptoms of schizophrenia divides them into what two broad categories?

Back 103

Positive and negative

Front 104

The greatest risk of having schizophrenia is in those who have a(n) _____________ or _____________ with schizophrenia. Any relative with schizophrenia will make your chance of developing the disorder ________________ than those of the general population.

Back 104

identical twin; fraternal twin; higher

Front 105

Raised in a home other than that of their original parents, adopted children of parents with schizophrenia have a(n) ____________ chance of having the disorder themselves. Children of people with schizophrenia adopted into families without schizophrenia have a ___________ than average chance of having schizophrenia.

Back 105

higher; higher

Front 106

The likelihood of a child having schizophrenia is influenced by the ____________ of a parent's disorder. One may inherit a predisposition for _____________ schizophrenia that is the same or different from that of the parent.

Back 106

severity; general

Front 107

Kelly was a good student until the sixth grade. Her grades slowly began to drop, despite her increased studying. Now as a high school senior concerned about graduation, and with hopes of going to college, Kelly has sought help. She places above average on an IQ test, but shows significant problems with reading and comprehension.

Back 107

Reading disorder

Front 108

Eight-year-old Chandra is described by everyone as a "handful." She fidgets constantly in class, drumming her fingers on the desk, squirming in her chair, and getting up and down. She has trouble waiting her turn at work or at play, and she sometimes has violent outbursts.

Back 108

ADHD

Front 109

Six year old Tangelique has a low IQ and enjoys sitting in the corner by herself, where she arranges her toys or spins around in circles. She is unable to communicate verbally. She throws temper tantrum when her routine is changed even in the slightest way or when her parents try to get her to do something she doesn't want to do.

Back 109

Autistic disorder

Front 110

At an early age, Dwight became preoccupied with geography and could name all of the state capitals. His speech development was not delayed, but he does not like to play with other children or to be touched or held.

Back 110

Asperger's disorder

Front 111

Label the level of intellectual ability and label the corresponding level of necessary support. Kevin received an IQ score of 20. He needs help with all his basic needs, including dressing, bathing, and eating.

Back 111

Profound, pervasive support

Front 112

What symptom of dementia is described? Timmy's grandmother can no longer form complete, coherent sentences.

Back 112

Aphasia

Front 113

Research has shown that ADHD in children is associated with:

Back 113

Maternal smoking during pregnancy

Front 114

The regulated breathing method, a behavioral technique used to reduce _____________, involves taking a deep breath when an episode occurs before continuing.

Back 114

Stuttering

Front 115

_______________ is a form of intellectual disability caused by the presence of an extra 21st chromosome.

Back 115

Down syndrome

Front 116

______________ is characterized by acute confusion and disorientation; whereas ______________ is marked by deterioration in a broad range of cognitive abilities.

Back 116

Delirium; dementia

Front 117

What disorder can be diagnosed definitely only at autopsy by the presence of large numbers of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles?

Back 117

Dementia of the Alzheimer's type

Front 118

Psychological and social influences are important to consider when studying dementia because they:

Back 118

may help determine the time of onset and course of dementia.