A & P Chapter 8-9

Front 1

Skeletal system function

Back 1

- support. The lower extremities

support the weight of the body.

- support and protection to the soft organs.

- posture

- stores a number of minerals

( the most important; phosphorus, calcium)

Front 2

Skeletal system clasification

Back 2

Theyvare clasified according the size & shape.

- long bones

- short bones

- flat bones

- irregulars

Section

Front 3

Section of the vertebral column

Back 3

Cervical ( C1-C7)

Thoracic ( T1-T12)

Lumbar ( L1-L5)

Front 4

Parts of the long bone

Back 4

-Epiphysis

- Epiphyseal disc

- Diaphysis

- Medullary cavity

- Periosteum

Front 5

Epiphyseal disc

Also know as " the growth plate"

Back 5

Is a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone. As long the cartilage continous to form the bone continous to lengthen. When this is ossified and fused the growth on length of the person stop.

Front 6

Types of joint

Back 6

- Immovable joint

- slighly movable

- freely movable ,"sinovial joint".

Front 7

Immovable joint

Back 7

In the skull

Front 8

Slightly movable

Back 8

Permitd limited movement such as flexion & extencion.

Exsmple; spine.

Front 9

Freely movable " sinovial joint"

Back 9

Provide more flexibility & movement.

Example; arms, legs

Front 10

Types of freely joint;

Back 10

- hinge ( like a hinge movement

Example; the elbow &

Knee.)

- ball & socket joint. (Formed when the ball shape of a bone fits in the cup-shaped socket of the 2dn bone.

- pivot joint. ( allow rotation around the lengt of a bone. Example; side to side mov. Of the head indicating NO.

- saddle joint. Both bone's surface forme a saddle shape. One bone is saddle concave and the other saddle shape is convex.

- gliding joint. Formed by the interaction of the flat surface of articulation bone. Example; the wrist ( intercarpal joint), ankle, vertebral column.

- condyloid joint. An oval articulation of a bone fits in an oval depresion of the second bone. Example; the wrist, the metacarpophalanges.

Front 11

Type of movement

Back 11

- flexion

- extension ( limbs extended out the body)

- hyperextencion ( an excesive extension)

- plantar flexion (the foot and toes flex downward toward the sole)

- dorsification ( foot bending up)

- adduction ( returning back to the midle line of the body)

- abduction ( taking away, separate the limb from the middle line of the body)

- supination ( the palm of the hands up)

- pronation ( the palm of the hands down)

- circumduction ( circular movement)

Front 12

Sutures

Joing together the bones of the skull, looks much as a zipper.

Back 12

- Coronal suture( separates the frontal from the parietal)

- lambdoidal suture( separtes the occipital from the parietals)

- squamosal suture( separates the temporal from the rest)

Front 13

Fontanels

"The soft spots"

Back 13

The unfused sutures in the baby skull.

We can read the baby's pulse at the soft spots. Also is a fragile spot where the baby can be severely injured.

Front 14

Types of muscle

Back 14

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 15

Fontanels

"The soft spots"

Back 15

The unfused sutures in the baby skull.

We can read the baby's pulse at the soft spots. Also is a fragile spot where the baby can be severely injured.

Front 16

Types of muscle

Back 16

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 17

Skeletal muscle

Back 17

- voluntary

- stratied/ striped

- produce movement, posture, & stabilize joints.

Also produce considerable heat

Therefore help maintain the body temperature.

Front 18

Fontanels

"The soft spots"

Back 18

The unfused sutures in the baby skull.

We can read the baby's pulse at the soft spots. Also is a fragile spot where the baby can be severely injured.

Front 19

Types of muscle

Back 19

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 20

Skeletal muscle

Back 20

- voluntary

- stratied/ striped

- produce movement, posture, & stabilize joints.

Also produce considerable heat

Therefore help maintain the body temperature.

Front 21

Smooth muscle

" visceral muscle"

Back 21

- involuntary ( function automatically)

- nonstriated

- it tone the Blood vessels that helps mantain the blood presure.

- the great stretching propierties allows the walls of the organs to expand to hold content. Example;

Urinary Bladder, stomach & uterus.

Front 22

Types of muscle

Back 22

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 23

Skeletal muscle

Back 23

- voluntary

- stratied/ striped

- produce movement, posture, & stabilize joints.

Also produce considerable heat

Therefore help maintain the body temperature.

Front 24

Smooth muscle

" visceral muscle"

Back 24

- involuntary ( function automatically)

- nonstriated

- it tone the Blood vessels that helps mantain the blood presure.

- the great stretching propierties allows the walls of the organs to expand to hold content. Example;

Urinary Bladder, stomach & uterus.

Front 25

Cardiac muscle

( only in the heart)

Back 25

- involuntary stratied

- it has intercalated disc ( promote the rapid conduction of the electrical signal throughout the heart)

- has no capacity for regeneration. ( can not repair it self).

Front 26

Types of muscle

Back 26

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 27

Skeletal muscle

Back 27

- voluntary

- stratied/ striped

- produce movement, posture, & stabilize joints.

Also produce considerable heat

Therefore help maintain the body temperature.

Front 28

Smooth muscle

" visceral muscle"

Back 28

- involuntary ( function automatically)

- nonstriated

- it tone the Blood vessels that helps mantain the blood presure.

- the great stretching propierties allows the walls of the organs to expand to hold content. Example;

Urinary Bladder, stomach & uterus.

Front 29

Cardiac muscle

( only in the heart)

Back 29

- involuntary stratied

- it has intercalated disc ( promote the rapid conduction of the electrical signal throughout the heart)

- has no capacity for regeneration. ( can not repair it self).

Front 30

Muscle clasification by size;

Back 30

- vastus, means huge.

- maximus, means large

- longus, means long

- minimus, means small

- bravis, means short.

Front 31

Fontanels

"The soft spots"

Back 31

The unfused sutures in the baby skull.

We can read the baby's pulse at the soft spots. Also is a fragile spot where the baby can be severely injured.

Front 32

Types of muscle

Back 32

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 33

Skeletal muscle

Back 33

- voluntary

- stratied/ striped

- produce movement, posture, & stabilize joints.

Also produce considerable heat

Therefore help maintain the body temperature.

Front 34

Smooth muscle

" visceral muscle"

Back 34

- involuntary ( function automatically)

- nonstriated

- it tone the Blood vessels that helps mantain the blood presure.

- the great stretching propierties allows the walls of the organs to expand to hold content. Example;

Urinary Bladder, stomach & uterus.

Front 35

Cardiac muscle

( only in the heart)

Back 35

- involuntary stratied

- it has intercalated disc ( promote the rapid conduction of the electrical signal throughout the heart)

- has no capacity for regeneration. ( can not repair it self).

Front 36

Muscle clasification by size;

Back 36

- vastus, means huge.

- maximus, means large

- longus, means long

- minimus, means small

- bravis, means short.

Front 37

Muscle clasification by shape;

Back 37

- deltoid, means triangule

- latissimus, means wide

- trapezius, means trapezoid

- rhomboideus, means rhomboid

- teres, means round.

Front 38

Fontanels

"The soft spots"

Back 38

The unfused sutures in the baby skull.

We can read the baby's pulse at the soft spots. Also is a fragile spot where the baby can be severely injured.

Front 39

Types of muscle

Back 39

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 40

Skeletal muscle

Back 40

- voluntary

- stratied/ striped

- produce movement, posture, & stabilize joints.

Also produce considerable heat

Therefore help maintain the body temperature.

Front 41

Smooth muscle

" visceral muscle"

Back 41

- involuntary ( function automatically)

- nonstriated

- it tone the Blood vessels that helps mantain the blood presure.

- the great stretching propierties allows the walls of the organs to expand to hold content. Example;

Urinary Bladder, stomach & uterus.

Front 42

Cardiac muscle

( only in the heart)

Back 42

- involuntary stratied

- it has intercalated disc ( promote the rapid conduction of the electrical signal throughout the heart)

- has no capacity for regeneration. ( can not repair it self).

Front 43

Muscle clasification by size;

Back 43

- vastus, means huge.

- maximus, means large

- longus, means long

- minimus, means small

- bravis, means short.

Front 44

Muscle clasification by shape;

Back 44

- deltoid, means triangule

- latissimus, means wide

- trapezius, means trapezoid

- rhomboideus, means rhomboid

- teres, means round.

Front 45

Clasification by orientation;

Back 45

- rectus, means straid

- oblique, means diagonal

- transverse, means across

- circularis, means circular

Front 46

Fontanels

"The soft spots"

Back 46

The unfused sutures in the baby skull.

We can read the baby's pulse at the soft spots. Also is a fragile spot where the baby can be severely injured.

Front 47

Types of muscle

Back 47

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 48

Skeletal muscle

Back 48

- voluntary

- stratied/ striped

- produce movement, posture, & stabilize joints.

Also produce considerable heat

Therefore help maintain the body temperature.

Front 49

Smooth muscle

" visceral muscle"

Back 49

- involuntary ( function automatically)

- nonstriated

- it tone the Blood vessels that helps mantain the blood presure.

- the great stretching propierties allows the walls of the organs to expand to hold content. Example;

Urinary Bladder, stomach & uterus.

Front 50

Cardiac muscle

( only in the heart)

Back 50

- involuntary stratied

- it has intercalated disc ( promote the rapid conduction of the electrical signal throughout the heart)

- has no capacity for regeneration. ( can not repair it self).

Front 51

Muscle clasification by size;

Back 51

- vastus, means huge.

- maximus, means large

- longus, means long

- minimus, means small

- bravis, means short.

Front 52

Muscle clasification by shape;

Back 52

- deltoid, means triangule

- latissimus, means wide

- trapezius, means trapezoid

- rhomboideus, means rhomboid

- teres, means round.

Front 53

Clasification by orientation;

Back 53

- rectus, means straid

- oblique, means diagonal

- transverse, means across

- circularis, means circular

Front 54

Clasification by location;

Back 54

- pectoralis, means chest

- gluteus, means buttock

- brachii, means arm

- supra, means above

- infra, means below

- sub, means undermeath

- lateralis, means lateral

Front 55

Linea alba

Back 55

Acts as a connective tissue holdings the muscles of the abdomen together.

Front 56

Fontanels

"The soft spots"

Back 56

The unfused sutures in the baby skull.

We can read the baby's pulse at the soft spots. Also is a fragile spot where the baby can be severely injured.

Front 57

Aponeourosis

Back 57

White palle milky tissue that acts as a connetive tissue, and holds all the muscle of the body together.

Front 58

Types of muscle

Back 58

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 59

Skeletal muscle

Back 59

- voluntary

- stratied/ striped

- produce movement, posture, & stabilize joints.

Also produce considerable heat

Therefore help maintain the body temperature.

Front 60

Smooth muscle

" visceral muscle"

Back 60

- involuntary ( function automatically)

- nonstriated

- it tone the Blood vessels that helps mantain the blood presure.

- the great stretching propierties allows the walls of the organs to expand to hold content. Example;

Urinary Bladder, stomach & uterus.

Front 61

Cardiac muscle

( only in the heart)

Back 61

- involuntary stratied

- it has intercalated disc ( promote the rapid conduction of the electrical signal throughout the heart)

- has no capacity for regeneration. ( can not repair it self).

Front 62

Muscle clasification by size;

Back 62

- vastus, means huge.

- maximus, means large

- longus, means long

- minimus, means small

- bravis, means short.

Front 63

Muscle clasification by shape;

Back 63

- deltoid, means triangule

- latissimus, means wide

- trapezius, means trapezoid

- rhomboideus, means rhomboid

- teres, means round.

Front 64

Clasification by orientation;

Back 64

- rectus, means straid

- oblique, means diagonal

- transverse, means across

- circularis, means circular

Front 65

Clasification by location;

Back 65

- pectoralis, means chest

- gluteus, means buttock

- brachii, means arm

- supra, means above

- infra, means below

- sub, means undermeath

- lateralis, means lateral

Front 66

Linea alba

Back 66

Acts as a connective tissue holdings the muscles of the abdomen together.

Front 67

Fontanels

"The soft spots"

Back 67

The unfused sutures in the baby skull.

We can read the baby's pulse at the soft spots. Also is a fragile spot where the baby can be severely injured.

Front 68

Aponeourosis

Back 68

White palle milky tissue that acts as a connetive tissue, and holds all the muscle of the body together.

Front 69

Frontalis

Back 69

Covers the frontal bone

Front 70

Types of muscle

Back 70

- skeletal

- smooth

- cardiac

Front 71

Skeletal muscle

Back 71

- voluntary

- stratied/ striped

- produce movement, posture, & stabilize joints.

Also produce considerable heat

Therefore help maintain the body temperature.

Front 72

Smooth muscle

" visceral muscle"

Back 72

- involuntary ( function automatically)

- nonstriated

- it tone the Blood vessels that helps mantain the blood presure.

- the great stretching propierties allows the walls of the organs to expand to hold content. Example;

Urinary Bladder, stomach & uterus.

Front 73

Cardiac muscle

( only in the heart)

Back 73

- involuntary stratied

- it has intercalated disc ( promote the rapid conduction of the electrical signal throughout the heart)

- has no capacity for regeneration. ( can not repair it self).

Front 74

Muscle clasification by size;

Back 74

- vastus, means huge.

- maximus, means large

- longus, means long

- minimus, means small

- bravis, means short.

Front 75

Muscle clasification by shape;

Back 75

- deltoid, means triangule

- latissimus, means wide

- trapezius, means trapezoid

- rhomboideus, means rhomboid

- teres, means round.

Front 76

Clasification by orientation;

Back 76

- rectus, means straid

- oblique, means diagonal

- transverse, means across

- circularis, means circular

Front 77

Clasification by location;

Back 77

- pectoralis, means chest

- gluteus, means buttock

- brachii, means arm

- supra, means above

- infra, means below

- sub, means undermeath

- lateralis, means lateral

Front 78

Linea alba

Back 78

Acts as a connective tissue holdings the muscles of the abdomen together.