Meaningful PD extends beyond formal academic teachings to practical on-the-job experience (Hayes, 2016). The notion of turning theory into practice, Hayes (2016) argued is achieved by allowing students to construct learning through relevant training activities. Doing rather than viewing or hearing PD alone is most useful for worker application.
The difficulty with PD work workers is finding the time to improve the level of knowledge, skills, and professionalism. The use of media can assist with time management and PD. According to Bosschieter (2016), smartphones, tablets, and laptops are all means of PD. The many applications for smartphones and tablets allow for PD on the go. Additionally, laptops and computers host webinars, so individuals can receive PD away from work. New technology offers options and communication beyond the original lecture in an onsite meeting room format.