For Native Hawaiians, the last two centuries have been a struggle against extinction. Not long after Captain Cook sailed up in 1778, disease, poverty and political and economic exploitation began pushing their culture toward the vanishing point. One harsh milestone came in 1893, when American and European businessmen backed by United States marines overthrew the Hawaiian kingdom. Annexation by the United States quickly followed.
“Hawaii has since thrived as a multiracial society, and its native language and arts have undergone a rebirth in the last generation or two” - http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/NewsDetailsPage/NewsDetailsWindow?disableHighlighting=false&displayGroupName=News&currPage=&scanId=&query=&prodId=OVIC&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&mode=view&catId=&limiter=&display-query=&displayGroups=&contentModules=&action=e&sortBy=&documentId=GALE%7CA146715697&windowstate=normal&activityType=&failOverType=&commentary=&source=Bookmark&u=isb&jsid=6b5aa6df167d8497aa62946e0f677df7 SOURCE 2 Strqtegic location for the defense of USA. …show more content…
Pearl harbor. CAUSES ARE the overall primacy of geostrategic factors, the conflicts between native Hawaiians, Asians, and whites; and American rivalry with a rising Japan.
TRENDS That dominated in the 1880’s: the horrific decline of the native population in the face of imported disease sugar as the core of the economy rapid growth of the immigrant Japanese labor force (JAPNA WAS WILLING TO PROTECTS ITS PEOPLE SO THE KINDA INVADED HAWAII AFTER THEY PROPSED AN ANTIIMMIGRATION POLICY...MADE AMERICANS MAd) The context of Hawaiian politics at the time was the emergence of steam-driven naval power, battleships with long-range naval artillery, the tremendously influential ideas of Alfred Thayer Mahan (a huge fan of Hawaii's strategic value), American designs on an isthmian canal, and the spread of social Darwinism on the racial (with Hawaiians and Asians among the lesser races) and national levels--unsurprisingly, the US saw itself as the fittest, and its survival necessitated control of Hawaii. continued independence of Hawaii under US "protection," as long as the immigrant Japanese could be kept in their place and the sugar economy continued to thrive. TWO CULMINATING CATALYSTS FOR ANNEXATION Japan, with a hawk in the Foreign Ministry, reacted with outrage to Hawaiian attempts to restrain immigration and, in 1897, sent warships and demanded an indemnity, suffrage, and free immigration. The US made annexationist noises--annexation would have made an attack on Hawaii an attack on the US--and ultimately Hawaii paid an indemnity and the situation cooled. But US sensitivity to the position of Hawaii was dramatically enhanced, and the white Hawaiian oligarchy, ever more fearful of Japanization, looked to Washington for protection. Spanish- American War. It was not that the US was suddenly swept by colonialist lust (although the war did bring us our first colonies), but rather that the war--especially its Pacific theater--made crystal clear the importance of Hawaii to US security The us didnt take a conspirationalist role in the overthrow of the queen, it just inspired hawiians to do it http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/AcademicJournalsDetailsPage/AcademicJournalsDetailsWindow?disableHighlighting=false&displayGroupName=Journals&currPage=&scanId=&query=&source=&prodId=OVIC&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&mode=view&catId=&u=isb&limiter=&display-query=&displayGroups=&contentModules=&action=e&sortBy=&documentId=GALE%7CA276635371&windowstate=normal&activityType=&failOverType=&commentary= White, James W. "Hawaii in U.S. Strategy and Politics." American Diplomacy, 2011. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A276635371/OVIC?u=isb&xid=87aa1afe. Accessed 3 Dec. 2016. SOURCEE 3 In 1891, Queen Lili'uokalani (1838–1917) was the reigning monarch of Hawaii (locally spelled Hawai'i). However, the previous government—led by her brother King David Kalakaua (1836–1891) from 1874 to 1891—had continuing disputes with American and European businesspersons who were doing business in Hawaii, primarily in the agricultural industry as owners of sugar cane plantations. By the end of the 1890s, non-native white farmers and businesspersons …show more content…
Lee Lerner, et al., Gale, 2006, pp. 384-388. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX2687500150/OVIC?u=isb&xid=4388436a. Accessed 3 Dec. 2016.
SOURCEE 4 (.com source don’t rely too much on it )
Morgan had given public speeches and newspaper interviews, trying to persuade native Hawaiians that their status as American citizens would be an improvement in their condition, assuring them that the Americans wanted only to "secure you from aggression from foreign powers."
Kaulia retorted, "The destiny of Hawaii, situated in the mid-Pacific as she is, should be that of an independent nation and so she would be were it not for the policy of greed which pervades the American Legislators and the spirit of cowardice which is in the breasts of those who first consummated the theft of Hawaiian prestige."
Kaulia asked, "Can the United States in consistency with past principles annex these islands until she has made herself right before the world by undoing everything that this Minister (Stevens) has done?"
Kaulia continued, "Ask for the voice of Hawaii on this subject - Mr. Senator, and you will hear it with no uncertain tones ring out from Niihau to Hawaii - 'Independence now and
“Hawaii has since thrived as a multiracial society, and its native language and arts have undergone a rebirth in the last generation or two” - http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/NewsDetailsPage/NewsDetailsWindow?disableHighlighting=false&displayGroupName=News&currPage=&scanId=&query=&prodId=OVIC&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&mode=view&catId=&limiter=&display-query=&displayGroups=&contentModules=&action=e&sortBy=&documentId=GALE%7CA146715697&windowstate=normal&activityType=&failOverType=&commentary=&source=Bookmark&u=isb&jsid=6b5aa6df167d8497aa62946e0f677df7 SOURCE 2 Strqtegic location for the defense of USA. …show more content…
Pearl harbor. CAUSES ARE the overall primacy of geostrategic factors, the conflicts between native Hawaiians, Asians, and whites; and American rivalry with a rising Japan.
TRENDS That dominated in the 1880’s: the horrific decline of the native population in the face of imported disease sugar as the core of the economy rapid growth of the immigrant Japanese labor force (JAPNA WAS WILLING TO PROTECTS ITS PEOPLE SO THE KINDA INVADED HAWAII AFTER THEY PROPSED AN ANTIIMMIGRATION POLICY...MADE AMERICANS MAd) The context of Hawaiian politics at the time was the emergence of steam-driven naval power, battleships with long-range naval artillery, the tremendously influential ideas of Alfred Thayer Mahan (a huge fan of Hawaii's strategic value), American designs on an isthmian canal, and the spread of social Darwinism on the racial (with Hawaiians and Asians among the lesser races) and national levels--unsurprisingly, the US saw itself as the fittest, and its survival necessitated control of Hawaii. continued independence of Hawaii under US "protection," as long as the immigrant Japanese could be kept in their place and the sugar economy continued to thrive. TWO CULMINATING CATALYSTS FOR ANNEXATION Japan, with a hawk in the Foreign Ministry, reacted with outrage to Hawaiian attempts to restrain immigration and, in 1897, sent warships and demanded an indemnity, suffrage, and free immigration. The US made annexationist noises--annexation would have made an attack on Hawaii an attack on the US--and ultimately Hawaii paid an indemnity and the situation cooled. But US sensitivity to the position of Hawaii was dramatically enhanced, and the white Hawaiian oligarchy, ever more fearful of Japanization, looked to Washington for protection. Spanish- American War. It was not that the US was suddenly swept by colonialist lust (although the war did bring us our first colonies), but rather that the war--especially its Pacific theater--made crystal clear the importance of Hawaii to US security The us didnt take a conspirationalist role in the overthrow of the queen, it just inspired hawiians to do it http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/AcademicJournalsDetailsPage/AcademicJournalsDetailsWindow?disableHighlighting=false&displayGroupName=Journals&currPage=&scanId=&query=&source=&prodId=OVIC&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&mode=view&catId=&u=isb&limiter=&display-query=&displayGroups=&contentModules=&action=e&sortBy=&documentId=GALE%7CA276635371&windowstate=normal&activityType=&failOverType=&commentary= White, James W. "Hawaii in U.S. Strategy and Politics." American Diplomacy, 2011. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A276635371/OVIC?u=isb&xid=87aa1afe. Accessed 3 Dec. 2016. SOURCEE 3 In 1891, Queen Lili'uokalani (1838–1917) was the reigning monarch of Hawaii (locally spelled Hawai'i). However, the previous government—led by her brother King David Kalakaua (1836–1891) from 1874 to 1891—had continuing disputes with American and European businesspersons who were doing business in Hawaii, primarily in the agricultural industry as owners of sugar cane plantations. By the end of the 1890s, non-native white farmers and businesspersons …show more content…
Lee Lerner, et al., Gale, 2006, pp. 384-388. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX2687500150/OVIC?u=isb&xid=4388436a. Accessed 3 Dec. 2016.
SOURCEE 4 (.com source don’t rely too much on it )
Morgan had given public speeches and newspaper interviews, trying to persuade native Hawaiians that their status as American citizens would be an improvement in their condition, assuring them that the Americans wanted only to "secure you from aggression from foreign powers."
Kaulia retorted, "The destiny of Hawaii, situated in the mid-Pacific as she is, should be that of an independent nation and so she would be were it not for the policy of greed which pervades the American Legislators and the spirit of cowardice which is in the breasts of those who first consummated the theft of Hawaiian prestige."
Kaulia asked, "Can the United States in consistency with past principles annex these islands until she has made herself right before the world by undoing everything that this Minister (Stevens) has done?"
Kaulia continued, "Ask for the voice of Hawaii on this subject - Mr. Senator, and you will hear it with no uncertain tones ring out from Niihau to Hawaii - 'Independence now and