Race was conceptualized in order to categorize the variation in human skin color and physical features, establish a hierarchy based on skin tone, and justify the positions of racial groups such as the enslavement of black people. Although race is a social construct, the effects as well as the struggles racial minorities experience are real. Racial minorities typically find themselves struggling to wade through racism weaved into our political and social institutions. Institutionalized discrimination can take place in the accumulation of wealth, the legal system, and education. These institutionalized forms of racism result in social and economic inequities that people of color consistently have to face.
With the institutionalization of racism, we find a new form of segregation. One not established by law or policies, but by “coincidence” and “random housing patterns”. Racial segregation and non-White poverty rates are conflated to contribute to concentrated disadvantage. This can be largely attributed to mortgages and insurance redlining, real estate steering, and even blockbusting (Lipsitz 2006:117). Redlining was primarily practiced by financial institutions to prevent Black communities …show more content…
There is an inequity in resources and funding in public schooling and, once again, this correlates with race. Because more affluent districts have a disproportionately larger number of White students than minority students, they receive more state funding than those districts primarily made up of minority students. This due to public schools primarily receiving their funds from property taxes. Areas with more wealth typically possesses better funded schools (Ladson-Billing 1998:20). As mentioned previously, these areas that have amassed a significant amount of wealth are primarily consisted of White
With the institutionalization of racism, we find a new form of segregation. One not established by law or policies, but by “coincidence” and “random housing patterns”. Racial segregation and non-White poverty rates are conflated to contribute to concentrated disadvantage. This can be largely attributed to mortgages and insurance redlining, real estate steering, and even blockbusting (Lipsitz 2006:117). Redlining was primarily practiced by financial institutions to prevent Black communities …show more content…
There is an inequity in resources and funding in public schooling and, once again, this correlates with race. Because more affluent districts have a disproportionately larger number of White students than minority students, they receive more state funding than those districts primarily made up of minority students. This due to public schools primarily receiving their funds from property taxes. Areas with more wealth typically possesses better funded schools (Ladson-Billing 1998:20). As mentioned previously, these areas that have amassed a significant amount of wealth are primarily consisted of White