For most of the 20th century, substance abuse was considered an acute disorder. Viewing substance abuse more like pneumonia than like chronic diseases such as hypertension or diabetes had shaped the expectations and treatment choices of clinicians (Forman & Nagy, 2006). According to the World Health Organization, substance abuse can be defined as “the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs”. Substance abuse touches millions of people worldwide each year. The clang for this abuse can be seen in our hospitals and emergency departments through uninterrupted damage to health by substance abuse and its connection to physical trauma. Many people use drugs as an emission from their reality. It is important
