Coping mechanisms in the presence of strain are also of vital importance within GST. As such, recent studies have also examined the variety of factors which condition the effects of strain on criminal coping. Such an array of factors as deviant beliefs and peer deviance (Mazerolle and Maahs, 2000) and personal resources and traits (Agnew et al. 2002) have been individually examined. However, limited study has been conducted on the effects of SES on the relationship between strain/negative emotions and deviant coping. Scarcity in recourses for coping, according to GST, would lead individuals to adopt non-conventional coping strategies in response to strain (Agnew, 2006). Non-conventional coping, which includes criminal behavior as well as other
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As such, the concentrations of poverty have become more severe and economic stratification by race and residence fuels neighborhood concentration of cumulative forms of disadvantage. This, “concentrated disadvantage” (Sampson and Raudenbush, 2007) results in the social isolation of those individuals deriving from low income, single-parent, minority households from resources that could support collective social control (Sampson et al., 1997). Such factors compound a lack of “informal control” in a neighborhood. Collective Efficacy, a measure of the kinship networks generating social control and cohesion mediate a number of factors associated with …show more content…
Some suggest that the correlation between SES and delinquency is caused by antecedent individual-level propensities. Such propensities toward impulsivity or substance abuse may arise independently of both crime and low SES (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990). Still others have suggested that IQ may in fact be the root cause or primary independent element for both SES and delinquency. The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life (1994) was a book written by psychologist Richard J. Herrnstein and political scientist Charles Murray who posit IQ to be a key variable in the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and
As such, the concentrations of poverty have become more severe and economic stratification by race and residence fuels neighborhood concentration of cumulative forms of disadvantage. This, “concentrated disadvantage” (Sampson and Raudenbush, 2007) results in the social isolation of those individuals deriving from low income, single-parent, minority households from resources that could support collective social control (Sampson et al., 1997). Such factors compound a lack of “informal control” in a neighborhood. Collective Efficacy, a measure of the kinship networks generating social control and cohesion mediate a number of factors associated with …show more content…
Some suggest that the correlation between SES and delinquency is caused by antecedent individual-level propensities. Such propensities toward impulsivity or substance abuse may arise independently of both crime and low SES (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990). Still others have suggested that IQ may in fact be the root cause or primary independent element for both SES and delinquency. The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life (1994) was a book written by psychologist Richard J. Herrnstein and political scientist Charles Murray who posit IQ to be a key variable in the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and