Simple Regression Analysis

Improved Essays
Introduction to Regression Analysis

Student Name

Institution

Regression analysis has been employed as serious evidence by lawyers and other individuals in the legal field. For instance, in the 1964 Civil Rights Act under Title VII, it was used to prove contract actions damages, biasness with regard to race in litigating death penalties and others.
The difference between multiple and simple regression is that for multiple regression, earnings are affected by much more factors in addition to years spent in school while simple regression just assumes that an individual’s earnings are affected solely by the years spent schooling.
Usually omitted variables are likely to result from simple regression because not all variables
…show more content…
One such alternative include minimizing the summation of errors in absolute quantities.
According to Sykes, unbiasedness is when a parameter’s true value equals the mean of probability distribution. He states that consistency is comparison of different estimators that are unbiased and finding the lowest variance. He also defines consistency as generation of accurate estimates by taking advantage of extra data.
The difference in interpretation of coefficient estimates is that multiple regression has the coefficients γX while simple regression does not
Lower variance is an attractive property for an estimator because it lowers the probability of an estimate being far from the true value.
The assumptions about the noise term which makes the estimator obtained by application of the minimum SSE criterion BLUE is that it is taken from a distribution with a mean of zero and also the distributions from which the noise terms are derived have the same variance.
According to Sykes, the logic behind the t-test is that we formulate a hypothesis. We can either accept or reject the hypothesis depending on where the t-statistic falls, that is, in the uppermost of lowermost tail of the
…show more content…
A coefficient is statistically significant if null hypothesis is dismissed after determining that the significance level would not arise more than 1, 5 or 10 percent of the time the null hypothesis holds true.
The critical value of the t-statistic is a section on the t-distribution which is put in comparison with the statistic test to decide whether or not to dismiss the hull hypothesis
P-value is the probability of getting a result either on the extreme or equal to the actual observation when null hypothesis is true
Omitted variable problem is when there is exclusion of variables affecting the dependent variable thereby interfering with the ability of SSE criterion being an estimator that is unbiased.
An example of perfect multicollinearity used in the lecture is the data on the speeches made by Picker and Baird with a correlation of 1. The problem that may arise in imperfect multicollinearity is that it may not be possible to make estimations on the speeches given by each
The problem of measurement error is called observational error. It is the difference a true value and a measured

Related Documents

  • Great Essays

    The value also means that the difference of estimated population covariance and the sample covariance is very low, or can be concluded as equal. The next step is measuring the value of CMIN/DF, which means the Chi-square divided by degree of freedom. Table 4.6 above shows the value of CMIN/DF is 1.926, can be obtained from the discrepancy divided by degrees of freedom (344.733 / 179 = 1.926). Therefore the model is good…

    • 1896 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    LAB QUESTIONS: Questions Hand Drawn lines Data set 2 because the percent error was lower than Data set 1. Data set 2 because the deviation was less than data set 1. In this case yes but it does not have to be because of the average deviation. Questions Estimating Volume No because the percent error as long as it’s above 10% it’s not accurate. Yes because I got a feel of how much to fill the unmarked plastic container Yes because I got a feel of how much to fill the unmarked plastic container.…

    • 965 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The most studied pattern of restriction of range is when raters avoid both extremes of the scale and tend to rate everyone as average. This special case of restriction-of-range effect is called central tendency error (Linn & Gronlund, 2000). Restriction of range can cause two undesirable results. First, it casts doubt on the meaning of ratings. A high or low rating might reflect the individual rating preference of a rater rather than the actual performance of students.…

    • 1371 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    This process is very helpful when it could be very troublesome or unlikely to examine each member of an entire population. To express the results, you convey this by using a range of numbers along with a degree of confidence. Ordinary linear square, also known as OLS, is one of few prediction techniques. This method estimates the unknown bounds in a linear regression model. Generally, the goal is to reduce the disparities among the observed dataset and the linear approximation of the data.…

    • 834 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    TOPSIS Model

    • 936 Words
    • 4 Pages

    These sets of data can be mapped as a set of alternative solutions in the payoff matrix where each alternative solution is evaluated in terms of its outcome. The philosophy of this method is based on the amount of information available and its relationship with the importance of the criterion. If the entropy value is high, the uncertainty contained in the criterion vector is high, diversification of the information is low and correspondingly the criterion is less important. This method is advantageous as…

    • 936 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The filter can be understood from different perspectives. The modeling of the state of a system is subjective and the system measurements are objective. Generally the knowledge being uncertain and the measurements are corrupted by noise, the Kalman filter combines the two to expand the knowledge front. Another way to look at the Kalman filter is that it combines or assimilates the information from two sources namely uncertain system and measurement models in a statistically consistent way. One other way of understanding the Kalman filter is that it matches the model and the measurement and in the process improves both by suppressing the noise in the measurement improves the accuracy of the state and the parameters in it.…

    • 785 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Slide 13: If we looked at the row titled “Level of Significance of 1-Tailed Test’, a significance level of 0.0005 is found. Again, I want to emphasize that SPSS will calculate whether or not a significant change has occurred. We can say that our obtained t statistic of 4.34 is greater than 3.373 or the probability of obtaining a t statistic of 4.34 is less than .001 (p <.001). This p value is below our .05 alpha level. The probability of obtaining the difference of between the variables, if the null hypothesis were true, is extremely low.…

    • 1875 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Cross Price Elasticity

    • 997 Words
    • 4 Pages

    In such case the product analyzed is an inferior good since by definition, buyers will purchase less of this good as their income increases. Similarly, the fact that the income elasticity of this case is negative, predicts that the product is an inferior good, because quantity demanded and income move in opposite directions for such products. In distinction to the three previous examples, the product in this case is considered elastic because the absolute value of its elasticity is greater than 1.0, 2.0 >…

    • 997 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In this essay I will follow Chang’s terminology and I will use the terms are distinct elements. The understanding of incomparability might defer depending on how one relates the concepts of value incomparability and incommensurability. For instance, Raz treats incomparability equal to incommensurability, so he holds that values are incomparable if it is false that (1) x is better than y, (2) x is worse than y and (3) x is equal to y, with respect to the same value. While Chung’s definition offer a softer version of incomparability. He states that two values are incomparable when there is no positive value relation between the alternatives, so it is neither true nor false that x and y are in a (1)-(3) relation.…

    • 2218 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    In other words, if the past value of X statistically improves the estimation of Y, then it can be concluded that X Granger-cause Y (Nguyen & Pham, 2014). The null hypothesis is:H_0: Financial development does not cause economic growth. This hypothesis is tested by means of the following formulas: y_t= a_1+ ∑_(i=1)^n▒〖β_i x_(t-i) 〗+ ∑_(j=1)^m▒〖γ_j y_(t-j) 〗+ e_1t x_t= a_2+ ∑_(i=1)^n▒〖θ_i x_(t-i) 〗+ ∑_(j=1)^m▒〖δ_j y_(t-j) 〗+…

    • 1868 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays