India By Biruni: Summary

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In the article of India written by a famous Iranian Muslim historian named Al-Biruni, throughout the whole article; author is trying to prove how Hindu is different from Muslim. According to author, “ for the reader must always bear in mind that the Hindus entirely differ from us in every respect, and the barriers which separate Muslims and Hindus rest on different causes.”(1) It is very clear for anyone to notice how hard author is trying to prove or separate themselves from Hindus. Author Biruni has pointed out some of the most significant parts of life style, which would separate two groups. Such as, the languages, beliefs, the repugnance against foreigners and there many other cause which Biruni has pointed out too. The languages author …show more content…
According to text from India , “ they totally differ form us in religion, as we believe in nothing in which they believe, and vice versa. On the whole, there is very little disputing about theological topics among themselves; at utmost they fight with words, but they will never stake their soul or body or their property on religious controversy.”(1) Well, Al-Biruni basically reveal to his reader about Hindus religion believer will not in any way to sacrifices for their religion. This may also related base on the time period when Muslim started invasion into India around the period of 1350Th. (2) Because the castes system are well developed and there are specific rules restrict lower castes citizens are not allow involve in any science and some doesn’t even have the rights to speak. Al-Biruni has also concede because the religions they practices restrict towards all of those who does not same interest with them have any special bonds. This includes, sitting, eating, and drinking with any foreigners; because they believe their race would be polluted. This, which bring up another argument supports Al-Biruni’s belief about Muslim and Hindus. Another argument Al-Biruni has use to benefit and backup about the Hindus is completely different from Muslim is the repugnance of the Hindus against foreigners. This is because the time period when Muslim started invasion into their country. At this time of period, Muslim are extremely unwelcomed by Hindus; because Muhammad Ibn Elkasim has invade India and conquered mass of land of India. Most often they would convince Hindus become Muslim, which has expenditure many people hatred deep down their

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